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Volume 7
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10.3390/pr7110835
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Article

Modifying Nanoporous Carbon through Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation for Removal of Metronidazole Antibiotics from Simulated Wastewater

by
Teguh Ariyanto
1,2,*,
Rut Aprillia Galuh Sarwendah
1,
Yove Maulana Novirdaus Amimmal
1,
William Teja Laksmana
1 and
Imam Prasetyo
1,2
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl Grafika No 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2
Carbon Material Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl Grafika No 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2019, 7(11), 835; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7110835
Submission received: 6 October 2019 / Revised: 2 November 2019 / Accepted: 5 November 2019 / Published: 8 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gas, Water and Solid Waste Treatment Technology)
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Abstract

This study examined change in pore structure and microstructure of nanoporous carbon after surface oxidation and how it affects the adsorption performance of metronidazole antibiotics. The surface oxidation was performed by hydrogen peroxide at 60 °C. The properties of porous carbon were investigated by N2-sorption analysis (pore structure), scanning electron microscopy (surface morphology), the Boehm titration method (quantification of surface functional group), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (type of surface functional group). The results showed that the oxidation of porous carbon by hydrogen peroxide has a minor defect in the carbon pore structure. Only a slight decrease in specific surface area (8%) from its original value (973 m2g−1) was seen but more mesoporosity was introduced. The oxidation of porous carbon with hydrogen peroxide modified the amount of oxide groups i.e., phenol, carboxylic acid and lactone. Moreover, in the application the oxidized carbon exhibited a higher the metronidazole uptake capacity of up to three-times manifold with respect to the pristine carbon.
Keywords: adsorption; metronidazole; porous carbon; surface modification; wastewater treatment adsorption; metronidazole; porous carbon; surface modification; wastewater treatment
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ariyanto, T.; Sarwendah, R.A.G.; Amimmal, Y.M.N.; Laksmana, W.T.; Prasetyo, I. Modifying Nanoporous Carbon through Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation for Removal of Metronidazole Antibiotics from Simulated Wastewater. Processes 2019, 7, 835. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7110835

AMA Style

Ariyanto T, Sarwendah RAG, Amimmal YMN, Laksmana WT, Prasetyo I. Modifying Nanoporous Carbon through Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation for Removal of Metronidazole Antibiotics from Simulated Wastewater. Processes. 2019; 7(11):835. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7110835

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ariyanto, Teguh, Rut Aprillia Galuh Sarwendah, Yove Maulana Novirdaus Amimmal, William Teja Laksmana, and Imam Prasetyo. 2019. "Modifying Nanoporous Carbon through Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation for Removal of Metronidazole Antibiotics from Simulated Wastewater" Processes 7, no. 11: 835. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7110835

APA Style

Ariyanto, T., Sarwendah, R. A. G., Amimmal, Y. M. N., Laksmana, W. T., & Prasetyo, I. (2019). Modifying Nanoporous Carbon through Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation for Removal of Metronidazole Antibiotics from Simulated Wastewater. Processes, 7(11), 835. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7110835

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