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Volume 9
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10.3390/photonics9040216
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Article

Low-Complexity Sampling Frequency Offset Estimation and Compensation Scheme for OFDM-Based UWOC System

by
Hu Li
,
Tianyang Chen
,
Zhijie Wang
,
Bingyao Cao
,
Yingchun Li
and
Junjie Zhang
*
Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Photonics 2022, 9(4), 216; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9040216
Submission received: 16 February 2022 / Revised: 23 March 2022 / Accepted: 23 March 2022 / Published: 25 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Visible Light Communication (VLC))
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Abstract

In this paper, a simple sampling frequency offset (SFO) estimation and compensation scheme based on two phase-conjugated pilots is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in an OFDM-based underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system. The phase shift is obtained by simple multiplication for phase-conjugated pilots, and the results are averaged to perform more accurate phase estimation. The experimental results show that the estimation offset is limited within ±3 ppm when the SFO ranges from −1000 ppm to +1000 ppm over a 1 m tap water channel. Moreover, with the help of the proposed scheme, up to ±300 ppm SFO can be well-compensated with error vector magnitude (EVM) penalties below 1 dB after 1 m underwater transmission. In addition, the results demonstrate that, compared with the ideal case without SFO, our proposed SFO compensation scheme can provide nearly negligible bit error rate (BER) penalties in saltwater with the highly scattering property.
Keywords: underwater wireless optical communication; orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing; sampling frequency offset underwater wireless optical communication; orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing; sampling frequency offset

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Li, H.; Chen, T.; Wang, Z.; Cao, B.; Li, Y.; Zhang, J. Low-Complexity Sampling Frequency Offset Estimation and Compensation Scheme for OFDM-Based UWOC System. Photonics 2022, 9, 216. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9040216

AMA Style

Li H, Chen T, Wang Z, Cao B, Li Y, Zhang J. Low-Complexity Sampling Frequency Offset Estimation and Compensation Scheme for OFDM-Based UWOC System. Photonics. 2022; 9(4):216. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9040216

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Hu, Tianyang Chen, Zhijie Wang, Bingyao Cao, Yingchun Li, and Junjie Zhang. 2022. "Low-Complexity Sampling Frequency Offset Estimation and Compensation Scheme for OFDM-Based UWOC System" Photonics 9, no. 4: 216. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9040216

APA Style

Li, H., Chen, T., Wang, Z., Cao, B., Li, Y., & Zhang, J. (2022). Low-Complexity Sampling Frequency Offset Estimation and Compensation Scheme for OFDM-Based UWOC System. Photonics, 9(4), 216. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9040216

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