Fructose-Based Metal–Organic Framework as a Means to Synthesize Sr-Loaded Chitosan Nanospheres with NLO Properties for Theranostic Applications in Radiotherapy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Synthesis of Chitosan-Based NPs Loaded with Sr (Sr-NPs)
2.2. Characterization of Chitosan-Based NPs Loaded with Sr (Sr-NPs)
2.2.1. FTIR Spectroscopy
2.2.2. XRPD Characterization
2.2.3. SEM Characterization
2.3. Geometry Optimization and Born–Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics (BOMD)
2.4. SHG Measurements
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Synthesis of Chitosan/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Glutaraldehyde Nanospheres Loaded with Sr (Sr-NPs)
3.1.1. Preparation of CS/PVA Hydrogel Blend
3.1.2. Preparation of CS/PVA/GA Nanospheres
3.1.3. Synthesis of the SrFRUCl MOF
3.2. Nanosphere Characterization
3.2.1. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
3.2.2. X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) Characterization
3.2.3. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS)
3.3. Theoretical Simulations OXFORD Ultim Max-software AZtec 6.1
Born–Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics (BOMD)
3.4. Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) Measurements
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sr-NPs | ||
Element | Weight% | Standard deviation |
Cl | 2.9 | 0.1 |
Sr | 0.6 | 0.1 |
Chitosan-based NPs + SrCl2 | ||
Cl | 1.9 | 0.1 |
Sr | Not present | Not present |
Chitosan-based NPs + SrCl2 + Fructose | ||
Cl | 1.5 | 0.1 |
Sr | Not present | Not present |
XRD | FRAG1 | XRD | FRAG1 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1-C2 | 1.46(4) | 1.55 | C4-O1 1 | 1.45(4) | 1.43 |
C1-O1 | 1.47(3) | 1.41 | C5-C6 | 1.48(5) | 1.52 |
C1-O5 | 1.32(4) | 1.40 | C5-O5 | 1.47(3) | 1.42 |
C2-C3 | 1.51(2) | 1.54 | C6-O6 | 1.42(5) | 1.41 |
C2-N1 | 1.43(4) | 1.45 | C7-C8 | 1.49(2) | 1.52 |
C3-C4 | 1.50(2) | 1.53 | C7-N1 | 1.38(4) | 1.38 |
C3-O3 | 1.40(3) | 1.42 | C7-O7 | 1.31(4) | 1.22 |
C4-C5 | 1.51(4) | 1.54 | O1-C4 2 | 1.45(4) | 1.41 |
XRD | FRAG2 | XRD | FRAG2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1-C2 | 1.46(4) | 1.54 | C4-O1 1 | 1.45(4) | 1.42 |
C1-O1 | 1.47(3) | 1.43 | C5-C6 | 1.48(5) | 1.53 |
C1-O5 | 1.32(4) | 1.40 | C5-O5 | 1.47(3) | 1.44 |
C2-C3 | 1.51(2) | 1.53 | C6-O6 | 1.42(5) | 1.41 |
C2-N1 | 1.43(4) | 1.46 | C7-C8 | 1.49(2) | 1.52 |
C3-C4 | 1.50(2) | 1.55 | C7-N1 | 1.38(4) | 1.35 |
C3-O3 | 1.40(3) | 1.42 | C7-O7 | 1.31(4) | 1.25 |
C4-C5 | 1.51(4) | 1.54 | O1-C4 2 | 1.45(4) | 1.42 |
XRD | FRAG4 | XRD | FRAG4 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1-C2 | 1.46(4) | 1.55 | C4-O1 1 | 1.45(4) | 1.42 |
C1-O1 | 1.47(3) | 1.41 | C5-C6 | 1.48(5) | 1.53 |
C1-O5 | 1.32(4) | 1.40 | C5-O5 | 1.47(3) | 1.44 |
C2-C3 | 1.51(2) | 1.54 | C6-O6 | 1.42(5) | 1.42 |
C2-N1 | 1.43(4) | 1.45 | C7-C8 | 1.49(2) | 1.52 |
C3-C4 | 1.50(2) | 1.53 | C7-N1 | 1.38(4) | 1.38 |
C3-O3 | 1.40(3) | 1.42 | C7-O7 | 1.31(4) | 1.22 |
C4-C5 | 1.51(4) | 1.54 | O1-C4 2 | 1.45(4) | 1.43 |
XRD | FRAG4 | XRD | FRAG4 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1-C2 | 1.46(4) | 1.55 | C4-O1 1 | 1.45(4) | 1.42 |
C1-O1 | 1.47(3) | 1.41 | C5-C6 | 1.48(5) | 1.53 |
C1-O5 | 1.32(4) | 1.40 | C5-O5 | 1.47(3) | 1.44 |
C2-C3 | 1.51(2) | 1.54 | C6-O6 | 1.42(5) | 1.42 |
C2-N1 | 1.43(4) | 1.45 | C7-C8 | 1.49(2) | 1.52 |
C3-C4 | 1.50(2) | 1.53 | C7-N1 | 1.38(4) | 1.38 |
C3-O3 | 1.40(3) | 1.42 | C7-O7 | 1.31(4) | 1.22 |
C4-C5 | 1.51(4) | 1.54 | O1-C4 2 | 1.45(4) | 1.43 |
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Cioci, A.; Benzi, P.; Canepa, C.; Mortati, L.; Alvarez de la Paz, A.; Garnica-Palafox, I.M.; Sánchez-Arévalo, F.M.; Dante, R.C.; Marabello, D. Fructose-Based Metal–Organic Framework as a Means to Synthesize Sr-Loaded Chitosan Nanospheres with NLO Properties for Theranostic Applications in Radiotherapy. Inorganics 2024, 12, 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12090231
Cioci A, Benzi P, Canepa C, Mortati L, Alvarez de la Paz A, Garnica-Palafox IM, Sánchez-Arévalo FM, Dante RC, Marabello D. Fructose-Based Metal–Organic Framework as a Means to Synthesize Sr-Loaded Chitosan Nanospheres with NLO Properties for Theranostic Applications in Radiotherapy. Inorganics. 2024; 12(9):231. https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12090231
Chicago/Turabian StyleCioci, Alma, Paola Benzi, Carlo Canepa, Leonardo Mortati, Antonio Alvarez de la Paz, Itzel Marisol Garnica-Palafox, Francisco Manuel Sánchez-Arévalo, Roberto C. Dante, and Domenica Marabello. 2024. "Fructose-Based Metal–Organic Framework as a Means to Synthesize Sr-Loaded Chitosan Nanospheres with NLO Properties for Theranostic Applications in Radiotherapy" Inorganics 12, no. 9: 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12090231