Osteoporosis and Apical Periodontitis Prevalence: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Protocol and Registration
2.2. Eligibility Criteria
- → Population/participants: Adult individuals (≥18 years old)
- → Intervention(s), exposure(s): Patients with OP
- → Comparator(s)/control: Healthy individuals (without OP)
- → Outcome: Prevalence of AP associated with or without root-filled teeth in patients diagnosed with OP
- → Inclusion criteria: Studies reporting the prevalence of AP from adult individuals with OP and healthy controls, in randomized clinical trials, cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
- → Exclusion criteria: Animal or laboratory investigations, studies not including a control group of healthy individuals, studies not reporting AP prevalence. Studies that did not address the specific research question were excluded. Repeated findings, meta-analyses, scoping, systematic, or narrative reviews, meeting abstracts, case series, and case reports, were excluded.
2.3. Search Strategy
2.4. Selection of the Studies
2.5. Data Extraction
2.6. Quality Assessment
3. Results
3.1. Literature Search Process
3.2. Characteristics of the Included Studies
3.3. Main Findings
3.3.1. AP Prevalence in OP Patients
3.3.2. The Impact of OP Medications on the Prevalence of AP
3.3.3. Progression of AP
3.3.4. Quality of the Studies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Database | Search Strategy | Findings |
---|---|---|
PubMed | #1 (osteoporosis OR bisphosphonates OR menopause) | 216,172 |
#2 (Endodontics OR Periapical Periodontitis OR Periapical Diseases OR Apical Periodontitis OR Periradicular Lesion OR Periapical Radiolucency OR Radiolucent Periapical Lesion) | 65,113 | |
#1 and #2 | 377 | |
Scopus | #1 (osteoporosis OR bisphosphonates OR menopause) | 249,224 |
#2 (Endodontics OR “Periapical Periodontitis” OR “Periapical Diseases” OR “Apical Periodontitis” OR “Periradicular Lesion” OR “Periapical Radiolucency” OR “Radiolucent Periapical Lesion”) | 40,924 | |
#1 and #2 | 149 | |
Web of Science | #1 (osteoporosis OR bisphosphonates OR menopause) | 192,512 |
#2 (Endodontics OR “Periapical Periodontitis” OR “Periapical Diseases” OR “Apical Periodontitis” OR “Periradicular Lesion” OR “Periapical Radiolucency” OR “Radiolucent Periapical Lesion”) | 27,151 | |
#1 and #2 | 89 |
Authors, Year | Study Design | Number of Participants/Age (Mean ± Standard Deviation Range) | Population Characteristics | Investigated Outcomes of Interest | Exposure Evaluation Method/AP Definition | Main Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lopez-Lopez et al. 2015 [4] | Cross-sectional study | 75 (62.5 ± 1.7)/years Ostoporotic (12) Osteopenic (36) Control (27) Greater than 50 years old | Post-menopausal women recruited at the Dental Clinic of the University of Barcelona, Spain | - Number of teeth present - Number and location of root-filled teeth - Number and location of teeth having coronal restorations - Number and location of teeth having AP | Panoramic radiograph (AP was defined as periodontal ligament space larger than the normal width) | A marginally significant association was evident between low bone mineral density (BMD) and the presence of AP (OR = 1.9; CI 95% = 1.0–3.8; p = 0.050) |
Katz et al. 2021 [25] | Cross-sectional study | 1.644.953 Age not specified | Integrated data from the total hospital patient’s population of the University of Florida (USA) Health Office for the period of 2011–2020 were used | - Prevalence of AP - Prevalence of OP - Prevalence of AP in patients with OP - Prevalence of AP in patients treated with alendronate and risedronate | Panoramic radiograph (AP was defined as radiographic evidence of apical rarefying osteitis) | The prevalence AP was significantly higher in OP patients (OR = 3.36; p < 0.0001) OP patients treated with BPs showed a marked reduction in the prevalence of AP (p < 0.0001) |
Cadoni et al. 2022 [5] | Case-control study | Cases: 76/64.61 ± 8.09 years D (9) BPs (31) BPs + D (11) NM (25) Control: 76/59.67 ± 9.88 years | Patients diagnosed with OP without systemic conditions, referred to the University Dental Clinic from the Departments of Rheumatology and Orthopedics at the Cagliari University Hospital (Italy), from February 2015 to October 2020 | - Number of teeth present - Number of caries and AP - Prevalence of AP - Decayed, missing, filled teeth index - Prevalence of AP in root canal-treated teeth - Quality of root-filled teeth and restoration | Periapical radiograph Panoramic radiograph PAI score | Primary OP does not appear to be associated with the prevalence of AP regardless of whether the condition is untreated or treated with therapeutic agents like BPs and denosumab The prevalence of AP was higher in root-filled teeth in the OP group (p = 0.03) |
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Pestana de Vasconcelos, N.; Martins, I.S.; Afonso, A.S.; Braga, A.C.; Pina-Vaz, I. Osteoporosis and Apical Periodontitis Prevalence: A Systematic Review. Dent. J. 2024, 12, 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12080272
Pestana de Vasconcelos N, Martins IS, Afonso AS, Braga AC, Pina-Vaz I. Osteoporosis and Apical Periodontitis Prevalence: A Systematic Review. Dentistry Journal. 2024; 12(8):272. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12080272
Chicago/Turabian StylePestana de Vasconcelos, Natália, Isabel Silva Martins, Américo Santos Afonso, Ana Cristina Braga, and Irene Pina-Vaz. 2024. "Osteoporosis and Apical Periodontitis Prevalence: A Systematic Review" Dentistry Journal 12, no. 8: 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12080272