A Simple Combination of Active and Intelligent Packaging Based on Garlic Extract and Indicator Solution in Extending and Monitoring the Meat Quality Stored at Cold Temperature
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Garlic Extract Preparation
2.3. Active Paper Preparation
2.4. Indicator Solution Preparation
2.5. Intelligent Indicator Label Preparation
2.6. Application of Active and Intelligent Packaging on Fresh Beef
2.7. Antibacterial Activity Testing of Agar Diffusion Method on Activated Paper
2.8. Parameters of Beef Observation Packaged with a Combination of Active and Intelligent Packaging
2.8.1. pH Measurement
2.8.2. TVBN Value Analysis
2.8.3. Calculation of Total Bacterial Count
2.9. Intelligent Indicator Color Measurement Quantification
2.10. Level of Relationship (Correlation) between Test Parameters
2.11. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Meat pH
3.2. Total Volatile Bases Nitrogen (TVBN)
3.3. Total Bacteria of Total Plate Count (TPC) Method
3.4. The Antibacterial Analysis Results of Active Paper
3.5. Color Change Response on Intelligent Indicator Labels for Beef Packaged in Active Packaging at Cold Temperature Storage
3.6. Correlation of Color Value Changes in Intelligent Packaging Indicators BTB: PR (1:1) with the Effect of Active Packaging on All Meat Spoilage Parameters
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Storage Time (Day) | Addition of Garlic Extract on Active Paper | ||
---|---|---|---|
0% | 15% | 20% | |
0 | 5.68 ± 0.06 g | 5.68 ± 0.06 g | 5.68 ± 0.06 g |
3 | 5.82 ± 0.16 g | 5.71 ± 0.01 g | 5.74 ± 0.16 g |
6 | 5.88 ± 0.0 g | 5.74 ± 0.01 g | 5.52 ± 0.16 g |
9 | 7.52 ± 0.72 b,c,d | 5.78 ± 0.07 g | 5.67 ± 0.16 g |
12 | 7.77 ± 0.52 b,c | 6.08 ± 0.01 f,g | 5.83 ± 0.13 g |
15 | 7.93 ± 0.20 b | 6.85 ± 1.27 d,e,f | 6.70 ± 0.62 e,f |
18 | 7.90 ± 0.13 b | 7.00 ± 0.66 b,c,d,e | 6.72 ± 0.03 e,f |
21 | 8.93 ± 0.14 a | 7.19 ± 0.58 b,c,d,e | 7.02 ± 0.60 c,d,e |
Average | 7.18 ± 1.22 A | 6.25 ± 0.65 B | 6.11 ± 1.35 B |
Storage Time (Day) | Addition of Garlic Extract on Active Paper | ||
---|---|---|---|
0% | 15% | 20% | |
0 | 4.48 ± 0.00 i | 4.48 ± 0.00 i | 4.48 ± 0.00 i |
3 | 4.76 ± 0.00 i | 5.04 ± 1.40 i | 4.58 ± 1.38 i |
6 | 11.21 ± 1.46 g | 4.20 ± 0.00 i | 5.88 ± 0.56 h,i |
9 | 27.27 ± 2.72 d,e | 10.83 ± 0.65 g | 9.43 ± 0.32 g,h |
12 | 32.22 ± 9.54 c | 22.32 ± 1.38 f | 21.66 ± 2.83 f |
15 | 34.18 ± 1.40 c | 23.06 ± 0.71 f | 22.97 ± 1.22 f |
18 | 40.81 ± 1.17 b | 24.65 ± 1.84 e,f | 23.35 ± 1.71 e,f |
21 | 55.28 ± 4.66 a | 33.43 ± 1.13 c | 30.26 ± 1.28 c,d |
Average | 26.27 ± 18.19 A | 16.00 ± 11.26 B | 15.33 ± 10.30 B |
Storage Time (Day) | Addition of Garlic Extract on Active Paper | ||
---|---|---|---|
0% | 15% | 20% | |
0 | 3.52 ± 0.05 i | 3.52 ± 0.05 i | 3.52 ± 0.05 i |
3 | 4.49 ± 0.04 f,g,h | 4.16 ± 0.08 g,h,i | 3.88 ± 0.06 h,i |
6 | 6.49 ± 0.06 c | 4.44 ± 0.03 f,g,h | 4.29 ± 0.18 g,h,i |
9 | 7.47 ± 0.02 b | 5.08 ± 0.07 e,f | 4.93 ± 0.48 f,g |
12 | 8.30 ± 0.04 a | 6.35 ± 0.71 c,d | 6.09 ± 0.20 c,d |
15 | 8.45 ± 1.22 a,b | 6.43 ± 1.27 c,d,e | 6.24 ± 0.69 c,d |
18 | 8.17 ± 0.61 a,b | 6.19 ± 0.15 c,d | 5.69 ± 0.41 d,e |
21 | 7.82 ± 0.16 a,b | 5.81 ± 0.24 c,d,e | 5.37 ± 0.54 e,f |
Average | 6.84 ± 1.87 A | 5.25 ± 1.11 B | 5.00 ± 1.02 B |
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Dirpan, A.; Djalal, M.; Ainani, A.F. A Simple Combination of Active and Intelligent Packaging Based on Garlic Extract and Indicator Solution in Extending and Monitoring the Meat Quality Stored at Cold Temperature. Foods 2022, 11, 1495. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11101495
Dirpan A, Djalal M, Ainani AF. A Simple Combination of Active and Intelligent Packaging Based on Garlic Extract and Indicator Solution in Extending and Monitoring the Meat Quality Stored at Cold Temperature. Foods. 2022; 11(10):1495. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11101495
Chicago/Turabian StyleDirpan, Andi, Muspirah Djalal, and Andi Fadiah Ainani. 2022. "A Simple Combination of Active and Intelligent Packaging Based on Garlic Extract and Indicator Solution in Extending and Monitoring the Meat Quality Stored at Cold Temperature" Foods 11, no. 10: 1495. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11101495
APA StyleDirpan, A., Djalal, M., & Ainani, A. F. (2022). A Simple Combination of Active and Intelligent Packaging Based on Garlic Extract and Indicator Solution in Extending and Monitoring the Meat Quality Stored at Cold Temperature. Foods, 11(10), 1495. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11101495