Comparative Effects of Traditional Versus Genetically Modified Soybean Oils on Colon Tumorigenesis in Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animal Experiment
2.2. Flow Cytometry Analysis
2.3. H&E Staining
2.4. qRT-PCR Analysis of Gene Expression
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of Commodity Soybean Oil- or Plenish Soybean Oil-Rich Diets
3.2. Effects of Plenish Soybean Oil on Colon Tumorigenesis
3.3. Effects of Plenish Soybean Oil on Colonic Infiltration of Immune Cells
3.4. Effects of Plenish Soybean Oil on Colonic Expression of Inflammatory Genes
3.5. Effects of Plenish Soybean Oil on Colonic Expression of Tumor Markers
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ingredients (% wt/wt) | Control Diet | Plenish Oil-Rich Diet |
---|---|---|
Casein | 20 | 20 |
L-cystine | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Sucrose | 10 | 10 |
Dyetrose | 13.2 | 13.2 |
Cornstarch | 39.7486 | 39.7486 |
Cellulose | 5 | 5 |
Mineral mix #210025 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
Vitamin mix #310025 | 1 | 1 |
Choline Bitartrate | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Commodity soybean oil | 7 | 1.5 |
Plenish soybean oil | 0 | 5.5 |
Fatty Acids (%) | Control Diet | Plenish Oil-Rich Diet |
---|---|---|
C14:0 | 0.08 | 0.05 |
C16:0 | 10.75 | 7.48 |
C16:1 | 0.10 | 0.11 |
C17:0 | 0.10 | 0.53 |
C17:1 | 0.06 | 0.88 |
C18:0 | 3.96 | 3.48 |
C18:1 cis-9 Oleic | 21.20 | 65.58 |
C18:1 cis-11 Vaccenic | 1.56 | 0.33 |
Total 18:1 | 22.76 | 65.91 |
LA (C18:2) | 54.03 | 17.09 |
ALA (C18:3) | 6.92 | 2.79 |
C20:0 | 0.31 | 0.34 |
C20:1 | 0.21 | 0.34 |
C22:0 | 0.33 | 0.38 |
C22:1 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
C24:0 | 0.13 | 0.14 |
C24:1 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Others | 0.27 | 0.47 |
Gene | Forward Primer (5′-3′) | Reverse Primer (5′-3′) |
---|---|---|
Gapdh | AGGTCGGTGTGAACGGATTTG | TGTAGACCATGTAGTTGAGGTCA |
Tnf-α | CCCTCACACTCAGATCATCTTCT | GCTACGACGTGGGCTACAG |
Mcp-1 | TTAAAAACCTGGATCGGAACCAA | GCATTAGCTTCAGATTTACGGGT |
Il-6 | TAGTCCTTCCTACCCCAATTTCC | TTGGTCCTTAGCCACTCCTTC |
Il-1β | GCAACTGTTCCTGAACTCAACT | ATCTTTTGGGGTCCGTCAACT |
Il-10 | GCTCTTACTGACTGGCATGAG | CGCAGCTCTAGGAGCATGTG |
Cox-2 | TTCAACACACTCTATCACTGGC | AGAAGCGTTTGCGGTACTCAT |
Jun | CCTTCTACGACGATGCCCTC | GGTTCAAGGTCATGCTCTGTTT |
Pcna | TTTGAGGCACGCCTGATCC | GGAGACGTGAGACGAGTCCAT |
Ki67 | ATCATTGACCGCTCCTTTAGGT | GCTCGCCTTGATGGTTCCT |
C-Myc | ATGCCCCTCAACGTGAACTTC | GTCGCAGATGAAATAGGGCTG |
Vegf | GCACATAGAGAGAATGAGCTTCC | CTCCGCTCTGAACAAGGCT |
Axin2 | TGCATCTCTCTCTGGAGCTG | ACTGACCGACGATTCCATGT |
β-catenin | CAGCTTGAGTAGCCATTGTCC | GAGCCGTCAGTGCAGGAG |
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Tu, M.; Sun, Q.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, G. Comparative Effects of Traditional Versus Genetically Modified Soybean Oils on Colon Tumorigenesis in Mice. Foods 2022, 11, 1937. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11131937
Tu M, Sun Q, Zhang J, Zhang G. Comparative Effects of Traditional Versus Genetically Modified Soybean Oils on Colon Tumorigenesis in Mice. Foods. 2022; 11(13):1937. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11131937
Chicago/Turabian StyleTu, Maolin, Quancai Sun, Jianan Zhang, and Guodong Zhang. 2022. "Comparative Effects of Traditional Versus Genetically Modified Soybean Oils on Colon Tumorigenesis in Mice" Foods 11, no. 13: 1937. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11131937