Extract from the Macroalgae Ulva rigida Induces Table Grapes Resistance to Botrytis cinerea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of Algal Extracts
2.1.1. On-Shore Biomass Cultivation and Processing of Ulva rigida
2.1.2. Thermochemical Extraction
2.1.3. Organic Solvents Extraction
2.1.4. Characterization and Chemical Composition Analysis
2.2. In Vitro Effects of Ulva rigida Extracts on B. cinerea Fungus
2.2.1. In Vitro Effect of Extracts on Conidia Germination
2.2.2. In Vitro Effect on Mycelium Grown on Agar Plate
2.2.3. In Vitro Effect on Fungal Growth Kinetics
2.3. Measuring Fruit Response to Ulva rigida Extracts
2.3.1. In Vivo Test on Grapes Inoculated with B. cinerea
2.3.2. Evaluation of Fruit Quality Parameters
2.3.3. Reactive Oxygen Species Levels
2.3.4. Free Radical Scavenging Activity
2.3.5. Enzymatic Activity and Protein Assays
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. In Vitro Effects of Ulva rigida Extracts on B. cinerea Growth
3.2. In Vivo Effects of Ulva rigida Extract on B. cinerea Growth
3.3. Induction of Fruit Defense Response
3.4. Characterization and Chemical Composition of Crude Extract of Ulva rigida Sulfated Polysaccharides (Infrared Spectroscopy and Elemental Analysis)
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Shomron, A.; Duanis-Assaf, D.; Galsurker, O.; Golberg, A.; Alkan, N. Extract from the Macroalgae Ulva rigida Induces Table Grapes Resistance to Botrytis cinerea. Foods 2022, 11, 723. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050723
Shomron A, Duanis-Assaf D, Galsurker O, Golberg A, Alkan N. Extract from the Macroalgae Ulva rigida Induces Table Grapes Resistance to Botrytis cinerea. Foods. 2022; 11(5):723. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050723
Chicago/Turabian StyleShomron, Alon, Danielle Duanis-Assaf, Ortal Galsurker, Alexander Golberg, and Noam Alkan. 2022. "Extract from the Macroalgae Ulva rigida Induces Table Grapes Resistance to Botrytis cinerea" Foods 11, no. 5: 723. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050723