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10.3390/foods13142291
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Assessing Antioxidant Properties, Phenolic Compound Profiles, Organic Acids, and Sugars in Conventional Apple Cultivars (Malus domestica): A Chemometric Approach

by
Biljana Cvetković
1,*,
Aleksandra Bajić
1,
Miona Belović
1,
Lato Pezo
2,
Danka Dragojlović
1,
Olivera Šimurina
1,
Marijana Djordjević
1,
Karin Korntheuer
3,
Christian Philipp
3 and
Reinhard Eder
3
1
Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
2
Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
3
Federal College and Research Institute for Oenology and Pomology, Wiener Street 74, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foods 2024, 13(14), 2291; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13142291
Submission received: 4 June 2024 / Revised: 8 July 2024 / Accepted: 18 July 2024 / Published: 20 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fruit and Vegetable: Physicochemical Characteristics, Bioactive Compounds and Sensory Profile)
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Abstract

This study analyzed the phenolic compounds, organic acids, sugars, and antioxidant activity in different conventional apple cultivars (Malus domestica) from the Serbian market. Polyphenol profiles, sugars, and organic acid contents were analyzed by HPLC, and antioxidant activity was examined by DPPH and FRAP. Notable findings included variations in phenolic compound presence, with certain compounds detected only in specific cultivars. ‘Red Jonaprince’ exhibited the highest arbutin (0.86 mg/kg FW) and quercetin-3-rhamnoside content (22.90 mg/kg FW), while ‘Idared’ stood out for its gallic acid content (0.22 mg/kg FW) and ‘Granny Smith’ for its catechin levels (21.19 mg/kg FW). Additionally, malic acid dominated among organic acids, with ‘Granny Smith’ showing the highest content (6958.48 mg/kg FW). Fructose was the predominant sugar across all cultivars. Chemometric analysis revealed distinct groupings based on phenolic and organic acid profiles, with ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ exhibiting unique characteristics. Artificial neural network modeling effectively predicted antioxidant activity based on the input parameters. Global sensitivity analysis highlighted the significant influence of certain phenolic compounds and organic acids on antioxidant activity.
Keywords: apple; cultivar; antioxidants; polyphenols; chemometric apple; cultivar; antioxidants; polyphenols; chemometric

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cvetković, B.; Bajić, A.; Belović, M.; Pezo, L.; Dragojlović, D.; Šimurina, O.; Djordjević, M.; Korntheuer, K.; Philipp, C.; Eder, R. Assessing Antioxidant Properties, Phenolic Compound Profiles, Organic Acids, and Sugars in Conventional Apple Cultivars (Malus domestica): A Chemometric Approach. Foods 2024, 13, 2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13142291

AMA Style

Cvetković B, Bajić A, Belović M, Pezo L, Dragojlović D, Šimurina O, Djordjević M, Korntheuer K, Philipp C, Eder R. Assessing Antioxidant Properties, Phenolic Compound Profiles, Organic Acids, and Sugars in Conventional Apple Cultivars (Malus domestica): A Chemometric Approach. Foods. 2024; 13(14):2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13142291

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cvetković, Biljana, Aleksandra Bajić, Miona Belović, Lato Pezo, Danka Dragojlović, Olivera Šimurina, Marijana Djordjević, Karin Korntheuer, Christian Philipp, and Reinhard Eder. 2024. "Assessing Antioxidant Properties, Phenolic Compound Profiles, Organic Acids, and Sugars in Conventional Apple Cultivars (Malus domestica): A Chemometric Approach" Foods 13, no. 14: 2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13142291

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