Optimization of Method for Pesticide Detection in Honey by Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometric Detection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Reagents
2.2. Samples
2.3. Sample Preparation
2.4. Liquid Chromatography
2.5. Gas Chromatography
2.6. Method Validation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Extraction Method
3.2. Validation Assay
3.3. Real Samples
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Name | RT 1 (min) | DRT 2 (min) | Polarity | Transitions | Collision Energy |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2,4-D | 9.60 | 1.5 | ESI− | QI 3 218.9 > 161. | 11 |
1st CI 4 218.9 > 124.9 | 35 | ||||
2nd CI 220.9 > 162.9 | 11 | ||||
Acephate | 4.56 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 184.0 > 143.0 | 5 |
1st CI 184.0 > 125.0 | 15 | ||||
Acetamiprid | 6.56 | 1.0 | ESI+ | QI 223.1 > 126.0 | 15 |
1st CI 223.1 > 56.0 | 15 | ||||
Aldicarb | 8.05 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 208.1 > 116.2 | 10 |
1st CI 208.1 > 89.1 | 24 | ||||
Aldicarb-Sulfone | 4.99 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 223.1 > 148.0 | 5 |
1st CI 223.1 > 76.0 | 5 | ||||
Aldicarb-Sulfoxide | 4.88 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 207.1 > 131.9 | 0 |
1st CI 207.1 > 89.1 | 8 | ||||
Allethrin | 19.36 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 303.2 > 135.0 | 10 |
1st CI 303.2 > 123 | 20 | ||||
Ametryn | 13.15 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 228.1 > 186.1 | 20 |
1st CI 228.1 > 116.1 | 28 | ||||
2nd CI 228.1 > 96.0 | 25 | ||||
Aminocarb | 7.32 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 209.1 > 152.2 | 12 |
1st CI 209.1 > 137.2 | 20 | ||||
Atrazine | 11.34 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 216.1 > 174.1 | 16 |
1st CI 216.1 > 68.0 | 40 | ||||
Avermectin B1a | 21.71 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 890.5 > 567.4 | 8 |
1st CI 890.5 > 305.1 | 16 | ||||
Azaconazole | 11.03 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 300.0 > 231.1 | 16 |
1st CI 300.0 > 159.0 | 28 | ||||
Azinphos-Ethyl | 14.74 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 346.1 > 132.1 | 12 |
1st CI 346.1 > 97.0 | 32 | ||||
Azinphos-Methyl | 12.15 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 318.0 > 261.0 | 0 |
1st CI 318.0 > 132.1 | 8 | ||||
Azoxystrobin | 12.90 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 404.1 > 372.1 | 12 |
1st CI 404.1 > 344.1 | 28 | ||||
2nd CI 404.1 > 329.1 | 36 | ||||
Benalaxyl | 16.86 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 326.2 > 294.1 | 4 |
1st CI 326.2 > 148.1 | 27 | ||||
Bitertanol | 16.98 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 338.2 > 99.1 | 10 |
1st CI 338.2 > 70.0 | 4 | ||||
Boscalid | 13.34 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 343.0 > 307.1 | 16 |
1st CI 343.0 > 271.2 | 32 | ||||
Bromacil | 9.29 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 261.0 > 205.0 | 20 |
1st CI 261.0 > 187.9 | 40 | ||||
Bromuconazole | 15.50 | 3.0 | ESI+ | QI 378.0 > 159.0 | 32 |
1st CI 378.0 > 70.0 | 35 | ||||
Buprofezin | 19.13 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 306.2 > 201.1 | 5 |
1st CI 306.2 > 116.1 | 10 | ||||
Cadusafos | 17.96 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 271.1 > 130.9 | 20 |
1st CI 271.1 > 97.0 | 40 | ||||
Carbaryl | 9.80 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 202.1 > 145.1 | 4 |
1st CI 202.1 > 127.1 | 28 | ||||
Carbendazim | 7.07 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 192.1 > 160.1 | 16 |
1st CI 192.1 > 132.1 | 32 | ||||
Carbofuran | 9.35 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 222.1 > 165.1 | 20 |
1st CI 222.1 > 123.1 | 30 | ||||
3-Hydroxycarbofuran | 6.35 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 238.1 > 220.1 | 0 |
1st CI 238.1 > 163.1 | 8 | ||||
Carboxin | 9.88 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 236.1 > 143.1 | 12 |
1st CI 236.1 > 93.1 | 36 | ||||
Chlorfenvinphos | 17.20 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 358.9 > 155.0 | 8 |
1st CI 358.9 > 99.2 | 28 | ||||
Chlorfluazuron | 20.00 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 539.9 > 383.0 | 44 |
1st CI 539.9 > 158.0 | 36 | ||||
Chlorpyrifos | 20.20 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 349.9 > 198.0 | 20 |
1st CI 349.9 > 97.0 | 20 | ||||
Chlorpyrifos-Methyl-Oxon | 15.89 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 334.0 > 306.0 | 8 |
1st CI 334.0 > 278.0 | 8 | ||||
Clofentezine | 16.99 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 303.0 > 138.0 | 12 |
1st CI 303.0 > 102.0 | 40 | ||||
Clomazone | 12.70 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 242.1 > 127.0 | 20 |
1st CI 240.1 > 125.0 | 20 | ||||
2nd CI 240.1 > 89.1 | 56 | ||||
Clothianidin | 6.08 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 250.0 > 169.0 | 8 |
1st CI 250.0 > 131.9 | 8 | ||||
Cyanazine | 8.43 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 241.1 > 214.1 | 18 |
1st CI 241.1 > 104.0 | 44 | ||||
Cyanofenphos | 16.60 | 1.0 | ESI+ | QI 304.1 > 276.0 | 12 |
1st CI 304.1 > 157.0 | 24 | ||||
Cyazofamid | 15.43 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 325.0 > 261.0 | 4 |
1st CI 325.0 > 108.0 | 8 | ||||
Cymoxanil | 6.97 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 199.1 > 128.0 | 4 |
1st CI 199.1 > 110.9 | 12 | ||||
Cyproconazole | 14.80 | 2.0 | ESI+ | QI 292.1 > 125.0 | 32 |
1st CI 292.1 > 70.0 | 16 | ||||
Cyprodinil | 17.10 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 226.1 > 108.0 | 30 |
1st CI 226.1 > 93.0 | 40 | ||||
Cyromazine | 4.48 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 167.1 > 125.0 | 16 |
1st CI 167.1 > 85.0 | 16 | ||||
Diafenthiuron | 20.82 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 385.2 > 329.2 | 16 |
1st CI 385.2 > 278.2 | 32 | ||||
Diazinon | 17.10 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 305.1 > 169.1 | 32 |
1st CI 305.1 > 97.0 | 40 | ||||
Dichlorvos | 9.11 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 221.0 > 109.0 | 12 |
1st CI 221.0 > 79.0 | 24 | ||||
Dicrotophos | 5.83 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 238.0 > 127.0 | 12 |
1st CI 238.0 > 112.1 | 8 | ||||
Difenoconazole | 17.80 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 406.1 > 337.0 | 18 |
1st CI 406.1 > 251.0 | 28 | ||||
Diflubenzuron | 14.96 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 311.0 > 158.0 | 8 |
1st CI 311.0 > 141.0 | 32 | ||||
Dimethoate | 6.53 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 230.0 > 198.8 | 0 |
1st CI 230.0 > 125.0 | 16 | ||||
Dimethomorph | 13.80 | 3.0 | ESI+ | QI 388.1 > 301.1 | 20 |
1st CI 388.1 > 165.1 | 32 | ||||
Diniconazole | 18.00 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 326.1 > 159.0 | 28 |
1st CI 326.1 > 70.0 | 28 | ||||
Disulfoton | 17.69 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 275.0 > 89.0 | 12 |
1st CI 275.0 > 61.0 | 44 | ||||
Disulfoton-Sulfone | 10.72 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 307.0 > 125.0 | 10 |
1st CI 307.0 > 97.0 | 30 | ||||
Disulfoton-Sulfoxide | 10.78 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 291.0 > 185.0 | 10 |
1st CI 291.0 > 157.0 | 20 | ||||
Diuron | 11.38 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 2350. > 72.0 | 20 |
1st CI 233.0 > 160.0 | 24 | ||||
2nd CI 233.03 > 72.1 | 20 | ||||
Emamectin B1a | 20.89 | 2.0 | ESI+ | QI 886.5 > 158.0 | 44 |
1st CI 886.5 > 82.1 | 64 | ||||
Emamectin B1b | 20.34 | 2.0 | ESI+ | QI 872.5 > 158.3 | 40 |
1st CI 872.5 > 82.3 | 68 | ||||
Epoxiconazole | 15.21 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 330.1 > 121.0 | 16 |
1st CI 330.1 > 101.2 | 52 | ||||
Ethion | 19.65 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 385.0 > 199.1 | 4 |
1st CI 385.0 > 142.8 | 24 | ||||
Etofenprox | 22.82 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 394.2 > 359.0 | 5 |
1st CI 394.2 > 177.0 | 5 | ||||
Ethoprophos | 15.72 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 243.1 > 130.9 | 15 |
1st CI 243.1 > 97.0 | 30 | ||||
Etrimfos | 16.80 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 293.1 > 265.0 | 26 |
1st CI 293.1 > 125.0 | 28 | ||||
Famoxadone | 16.93 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 392.1 > 330.9 | 4 |
1st CI 392.1 > 238.0 | 12 | ||||
Fenamiphos | 15.92 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 304.1 > 234.0 | 12 |
1st CI 304.1 > 217.1 | 20 | ||||
Fenbuconazole | 15.11 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 337.1 > 125.1 | 40 |
1st CI 337.1 > 70.0 | 33 | ||||
Fenpyroximate | 20.91 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 422.2 > 366.2 | 12 |
1st CI 422.2 > 135.0 | 36 | ||||
Fenthion | 16.86 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 279.0 > 247.1 | 8 |
1st CI 279.0 > 169.1 | 12 | ||||
Fipronil | 15.50 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 437.0 > 368.0 | 18 |
1st CI 437.0 > 255.0 | 26 | ||||
Flazasulfuron | 11.24 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 408.1 > 182.1 | 28 |
1st CI 408.1 > 83.0 | 40 | ||||
Fluazifop-Butyl | 18.80 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 384.1 > 328.1 | 12 |
1st CI 384.1 > 282.2 | 20 | ||||
Flufenoxuron | 19.88 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 489.1 > 158.0 | 20 |
1st CI 489.1 > 140.9 | 56 | ||||
Fluquinconazole | 15.11 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 376.0 > 349.0 | 20 |
1st CI 376.0 > 307.1 | 24 | ||||
Flutriafol | 11.17 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 302.1 > 122.9 | 28 |
1st CI 302.1 > 70.1 | 16 | ||||
Furathiocarb | 19.30 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 383.2 > 251.9 | 8 |
1st CI 383.2 > 195.0 | 16 | ||||
Heptenophos | 11.79 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 251.0 > 127.0 | 15 |
1st CI 251.0 > 125.0 | 25 | ||||
Hexaconazole | 17.40 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 314.1 > 159.0 | 30 |
1st CI 314.1 > 70.1 | 20 | ||||
Hexythiazox | 19.90 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 353.1 > 227.9 | 8 |
1st CI 353.1 > 168.1 | 24 | ||||
Imazalil | 14.30 | 3.0 | ESI+ | QI 297.1 > 201.0 | 15 |
1st CI 297.1 > 159.0 | 20 | ||||
Imazapyr | 5.48 | 3.0 | ESI+ | QI 262.1 > 217.1 | 20 |
1st CI 262.1 > 131.0 | 40 | ||||
Imazethapyr | 7.42 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 290.1 > 245.1 | 24 |
1st CI 290.1 > 177.0 | 29 | ||||
Imibenconazole | 19.60 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 411.0 > 171.0 | 20 |
1st CI 411.0 > 125.0 | 40 | ||||
Imidacloprid | 5.97 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 258.0 > 210.9 | 12 |
1st CI 256.0 > 208.9 | 12 | ||||
2nd CI 256 > 175 | 12 | ||||
Indoxacarb | 17.88 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 528.1 > 203.0 | 45 |
1st CI 528.1 > 150.0 | 20 | ||||
Iprodione | 15.98 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 330.0 > 287.9 | 10 |
1st CI 330.0 > 244.9 | 14 | ||||
Iprovalicarb | 15.20 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 321.2 > 202.9 | 5 |
1st CI 321.2 > 119 | 16 | ||||
Kresoxim-Methyl | 16.50 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 314.1 > 267.0 | 0 |
1st CI 314.1 > 222.1 | 10 | ||||
Linuron | 12.67 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 249.0 > 160.1 | 20 |
1st CI 249.0 > 133.0 | 36 | ||||
Lufenuron | 19.03 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 510.9 > 158.0 | 20 |
1st CI 510.9 > 141.0 | 57 | ||||
Malaoxon | 9.37 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 315.0 > 127.1 | 20 |
1st CI 315.0 > 99.2 | 4 | ||||
Malathion | 14.30 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 331.0 > 126.9 | 5 |
1st CI 331.0 > 99.0 | 10 | ||||
Metalaxyl | 11.93 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 280.2 > 220.1 | 10 |
1st CI 280.2 > 160.1 | 20 | ||||
Metconazole | 17.30 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 320.1 > 125.0 | 48 |
1st CI 320.1 > 70.1 | 24 | ||||
Methamidophos | 4.31 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 142.0 > 125.0 | 10 |
1st CI 142.0 > 94.0 | 10 | ||||
Methidathion | 11.95 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 302.9 > 145.0 | 0 |
1st CI 302.9 > 85.1 | 15 | ||||
Methiocarb | 13.14 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 226.1 > 169.0 | 4 |
1st CI 226.1 > 121.1 | 12 | ||||
Methomyl | 5.44 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 163.1 > 106.0 | 4 |
1st CI 163.1 > 88.0 | 0 | ||||
Methoxyfenozide | 14.08 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 369.2 > 313.1 | 0 |
1st CI 369.2 > 149.0 | 10 | ||||
Metolachlor | 16.30 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 284.1 > 252.1 | 8 |
1st CI 284.1 > 176.1 | 24 | ||||
Metribuzin | 9.38 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 215.1 > 187.1 | 15 |
1st CI 215.1 > 84.0 | 30 | ||||
Mevinphos | 7.35 | 3.0 | ESI+ | QI 225.0 > 193.1 | 0 |
1st CI 225.0 > 127.0 | 12 | ||||
Monocrotophos | 5.52 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 224.1 > 193.0 | 0 |
1st CI 224.1 > 127.0 | 10 | ||||
Myclobutanil | 14.00 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 289.1 > 125.1 | 32 |
1st CI 289.1 > 70.1 | 16 | ||||
Naled | 11.80 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 380.7 > 127.0 | 8 |
1st CI 380.7 > 109.0 | 24 | ||||
Omethoate | 4.77 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 214.0 > 125.0 | 16 |
1st CI 214.0 > 109.0 | 24 | ||||
Oxamyl | 5.09 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 237.1 > 90.0 | 10 |
1st CI 237.1 > 72.0 | 12 | ||||
Paclobutrazol | 13.95 | 1.2 | ESI+ | QI 294.1 > 125.2 | 40 |
1st CI 294.1 > 70.1 | 20 | ||||
Paraoxon | 10.88 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 276.1 > 220.0 | 10 |
1st CI 276.1 > 94.0 | 40 | ||||
Paraoxon-Methyl | 8.05 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 248.0 > 201.9 | 20 |
1st CI 248.0 > 90.0 | 25 | ||||
Parathion | 16.40 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 292.0 > 236.1 | 8 |
1st CI 292.0 > 94.1 | 40 | ||||
Penconazole | 16.70 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 284.1 > 159 | 30 |
1st CI 284.1 > 70.1 | 15 | ||||
Pencycuron | 18.00 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 329.1 > 125.1 | 24 |
1st CI 329.1 > 89.1 | 60 | ||||
Pendimethalin | 20.20 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 282.1 > 212.1 | 4 |
1st CI 282.1 > 194.1 | 16 | ||||
Phenthoate | 16.20 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 321.0 > 163.1 | 8 |
1st CI 321.0 > 79.1 | 44 | ||||
Phorate | 17.50 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 261.0 > 199.0 | 2 |
1st CI 261.0 > 75.1 | 5 | ||||
Phosmet | 12.80 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 317.9 > 160.0 | 8 |
1st CI 317.9 > 133.0 | 36 | ||||
Phosphamidon | 8.30 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 300.0 > 174.1 | 8 |
1st CI 300.0 > 127.1 | 16 | ||||
Picloram | 4.71 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 243.0 > 196.8 | 22 |
1st CI 243.0 > 169.8 | 34 | ||||
2nd CI 241 > 222.8 | 10 | ||||
Picoxystrobin | 16.03 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 368.1 > 205.2 | 4 |
1st CI 368.1 > 145.0 | 20 | ||||
Pirimicarb | 11.08 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 239.1 > 182.1 | 12 |
1st CI 239.1 > 72.1 | 20 | ||||
Pirimiphos-Ethyl | 19.39 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 334.1 > 198.1 | 22 |
1st CI 334.1 > 182.1 | 24 | ||||
Pirimiphos-Methyl | 18.00 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 306.2 > 164.1 | 20 |
1st CI 306.2 > 108.1 | 30 | ||||
Prochloraz | 18.03 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 376.0 > 308.0 | 4 |
1st CI 376.0 > 265.9 | 12 | ||||
Profenofos | 18.83 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 374.9 > 347.0 | 12 |
1st CI 374.9 > 304.9 | 19 | ||||
Propamocarb | 4.72 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 189.2 > 144.0 | 8 |
1st CI 189.2 > 102.0 | 12 | ||||
Propargite | 20.26 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 368.1 > 231.2 | 0 |
1st CI 368.1 > 175.2 | 8 | ||||
Propiconazole | 17.50 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 342.1 > 159.0 | 32 |
1st CI 342.1 > 69.1 | 16 | ||||
Propoxur | 9.33 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 210.11 > 168.1 | 5 |
1st CI 210.11 > 111.1 | 8 | ||||
Pyraclostrobin | 17.50 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 388.11 > 193.8 | 8 |
1st CI 388.11 > 163.1 | 20 | ||||
Pyrazophos | 17.26 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 374.1 > 222.1 | 16 |
1st CI 374.1 > 194.1 | 32 | ||||
Pyridaben | 21.90 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 365.1 > 309.1 | 4 |
1st CI 365.1 > 147.2 | 20 | ||||
Pyridaphenthion | 14.36 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 341.0 > 205.1 | 10 |
1st CI 341.0 > 189.0 | 20 | ||||
Pyrimethanil | 13.88 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 200.1 > 106.9 | 20 |
1st CI 200.1 > 82.0 | 25 | ||||
Pyriproxyfen | 19.90 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 322.2 > 227.2 | 12 |
1st CI 322.2 > 185.0 | 20 | ||||
2nd CI 322.2 > 96 | 12 | ||||
Quinalphos | 16.48 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 299.0 > 163.0 | 20 |
1st CI 299.0 > 147.0 | 20 | ||||
Quizalofop-Ethyl | 19.10 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 373.0 > 271.2 | 24 |
1st CI 373.0 > 255.1 | 36 | ||||
Simazine | 9.45 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 202.1 > 132.0 | 22 |
1st CI 202.1 > 124.1 | 26 | ||||
Spinosyn A | 19.87 | 2.0 | ESI+ | QI 732.5 > 142.1 | 28 |
1st CI 732.5 > 98.1 | 60 | ||||
Spinosyn D | 20.78 | 2.0 | ESI+ | QI 746.5 > 142.1 | 35 |
1st CI 746.5 > 98.0 | 55 | ||||
Spirodiclofen | 21.25 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 411.1 > 313 | 8 |
1st CI 411.1 > 71.2 | 15 | ||||
Spiromesifen | 20.67 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 371.2 > 273.1 | 12 |
1st CI 371.2 > 255.1 | 24 | ||||
Sulfentrazone | 9.38 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 404.0 > 306.9 | 28 |
1st CI 404.0 > 273.0 | 40 | ||||
Tebuconazole | 16.80 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 308.1 > 124.9 | 47 |
1st CI 308.1 > 70.0 | 40 | ||||
Tebufenozide | 16.08 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 353.2 > 297.1 | 4 |
1st CI 353.2 > 133.0 | 20 | ||||
Teflubenzuron | 19.00 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 381.0 > 158.0 | 12 |
1st CI 381.0 > 141.0 | 48 | ||||
Temephos | 18.90 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 467.0 > 419.0 | 20 |
1st CI 467 > 124.9 | 44 | ||||
Terbufos | 19.60 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 289.1 > 233.0 | 0 |
1st CI 289.1 > 57.1 | 16 | ||||
Tetraconazole | 15.09 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 372.0 > 159.0 | 36 |
1st CI 372.0 > 70.0 | 20 | ||||
Thiabendazole | 8.22 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 202.0 > 175.0 | 24 |
1st CI 202.0 > 131.0 | 36 | ||||
Thiacloprid | 7.10 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 253.0 > 126.0 | 16 |
1st CI 253.0 > 90.0 | 40 | ||||
Thiamethoxam | 5.42 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 292.0 > 211.1 | 8 |
1st CI 292.0 > 181.1 | 20 | ||||
Thiobencarb | 18.03 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 258.0 > 125.1 | 25 |
1st CI 258.07 > 100.1 | 5 | ||||
Thiodicarb | 10.59 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 355.0 > 108.1 | 8 |
1st CI 355.0 > 88.1 | 8 | ||||
Thiophanate-Methyl | 8.65 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 343.0 > 151.0 | 20 |
1st CI 343.0 > 93.0 | 56 | ||||
Tolylfluanid | 15.99 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 346.9 > 238.1 | 12 |
1st CI 346.9 > 137.0 | 25 | ||||
Triadimefon | 14.80 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 294.1 > 197.2 | 8 |
1st CI 294.1 > 69.1 | 16 | ||||
Triadimenol | 14.70 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 296.1 > 99.1 | 16 |
1st CI 296.1 > 70.0 | 12 | ||||
Triazophos | 14.30 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 314.1 > 162.1 | 16 |
1st CI 314.1 > 119.1 | 36 | ||||
Trichlorfon | 6.55 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 256.9 > 221.0 | 4 |
1st CI 256.9 > 109.0 | 12 | ||||
Trifloxystrobin | 18.35 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 409.1 > 186.0 | 12 |
1st CI 409.1 > 145.0 | 52 | ||||
Triflumizole | 18.50 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 346.1 > 278.0 | 4 |
1st CI 346.1 > 43.1 | 20 | ||||
Vamidothion | 6.39 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 288.0 > 146.1 | 6 |
1st CI 288.0 > 58.0 | 44 | ||||
Zoxamide | 16.96 | 1.5 | ESI+ | QI 336.0 > 187.0 | 16 |
1st CI 336.0 > 159.0 | 44 |
Name | RT 1 (min) | DRT 2 (min) | Quantification Transition | Collision Energy |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alachlor | 11.33 | 1 | QI 3 188.1 > 160.1 | 10 |
1st CI 4 188.1 > 130.1 | 40 | |||
Aldrin | 12.62 | 1 | QI 263.0 > 193.0 | 30 |
1st CI 298.0 > 263.0 | 8 | |||
Bifenthrin | 19.78 | 2 | QI 182.0 > 167.0 | 12 |
1st CI 181.0 > 165.0 | 25 | |||
Bromophos-Methyl | 13.06 | 1 | QI 330.9 > 315.9 | 16 |
1st CI 329.0 > 314.0 | 16 | |||
Bromopropylate | 19.82 | 2 | QI 341.0 > 185.0 | 5 |
1st CI 341.0 > 183.0 | 20 | |||
Carbophenothion | 17.71 | 1 | QI 153.0 > 96.9 | 10 |
1st CI 153.0 > 79.0 | 30 | |||
2nd CI 157.0 > 75.1 | 40 | |||
Cyfluthrin | 24.39 | 2 | QI 162.9 > 127.0 | 5 |
1st CI 226.9 > 77.1 | 30 | |||
Cypermethrin | 25.01 | 2 | QI 162.9 > 127.0 | 5 |
1st CI 181.1 > 127.1 | 35 | |||
Clordane Gama (Trans) | 14.42 | 2 | QI 272.0 > 237.0 | 16 |
1st CI 375.0 > 266.0 | 25 | |||
Chlorfenapyr | 16 | 1 | QI 247.0 > 227.0 | 15 |
1st CI 247.0 > 200.0 | 25 | |||
2nd CI 247.0 > 197.0 | 5 | |||
Chlorothalonil | 10.17 | 1 | QI 265.9 > 230.9 | 20 |
1st CI 263.8 > 229.0 | 20 | |||
2nd CI 263.8 > 168.0 | 25 | |||
Chlorpyrifos-Methyl | 11.14 | 2 | QI 288.0 > 93.0 | 26 |
1st CI 288.0 > 273.0 | 15 | |||
2nd CI 286.0 > 271.0 | 16 | |||
Chlorthiophos | 16.93 | 1 | QI 297.0 > 269.0 | 14 |
1st CI 269.0 > 205.0 | 16 | |||
2,4´-DDD | 15.7 | 1 | QI 237.0 > 165.0 | 20 |
1st CI 235.0 > 165.0 | 20 | |||
2,4´-DDE | 14.47 | 2 | QI 246.0 > 176.0 | 30 |
1st CI 248.0 > 211.0 | 20 | |||
4,4´-DDE | 15.92 | 1 | QI 246.0 > 176.0 | 30 |
1st CI 248.0 > 176.0 | 20 | |||
2,4´-DDT | 16.84 | 1 | QI 237.0 > 165.0 | 20 |
1st CI 235.0 > 165.0 | 20 | |||
4,4´-DDT | 18 | 1 | QI 237.0 > 165.0 | 20 |
1st CI 235.0 > 165.0 | 20 | |||
Deltamethrin | 27.94 | 1 | QI 253.0 > 93.0 | 20 |
1st CI 253.0 > 174.0 | 15 | |||
Dicofol | 18.46 | 2 | QI 253.0 > 141.0 | 15 |
1st CI 249.9 > 139.1 | 10 | |||
Dieldrin | 15.69 | 1 | QI 263.0 > 191.0 | 35 |
1st CI 263.0 > 193.0 | 35 | |||
Endosulfan Alpha | 14.84 | 2 | QI 238.8 > 204.0 | 15 |
1st CI 241.0 > 206.0 | 15 | |||
Endosulfan Beta | 16.35 | 1 | QI 241.0 > 206.0 | 15 |
1st CI 195.0 > 159.0 | 15 | |||
Endosulfan Sulfate | 17.94 | 1 | QI 271.9 > 236.9 | 15 |
1st CI 240.8 > 205.9 | 15 | |||
Endrin | 16.06 | 1 | QI 263.0 > 191.0 | 35 |
1st CI 263.0 > 193.0 | 35 | |||
Esfenvalerate | 26.91 | 2 | QI 225.0 > 119.0 | 15 |
1st CI 167.0 > 125.0 | 10 | |||
Fenpropathrin | 20.1 | 1 | QI 265.0 > 210.0 | 15 |
1st CI 265.0 > 89.0 | 35 | |||
2nd CI 181.0 > 152.0 | 26 | |||
Fenarimol | 21.94 | 1 | QI 139.0 > 111.0 | 15 |
1st CI 219.0 > 107.0 | 10 | |||
Fenitrothion | 11.94 | 1 | QI 277.0 > 260.0 | 5 |
1st CI 277.1 > 109.0 | 20 | |||
2nd CI 276.8 > 125.0 | 15 | |||
Phosalone | 20.91 | 1 | QI 182.0 > 111.0 | 15 |
1st CI 182.0 > 75.1 | 40 | |||
HCH Alpha | 9.1 | 2 | QI 180.9 > 145.0 | 12 |
1st CI 218.8 > 183.0 | 5 | |||
HCH Beta | 9.57 | 2 | QI 180.9 > 145.0 | 12 |
1st CI 218.8 > 183.0 | 5 | |||
HCH Delta | 10.38 | 1 | QI 180.9 > 145.0 | 12 |
1st CI 218.8 > 183.0 | 5 | |||
HCH Gamma | 9.81 | 2 | QI 180.9 > 145.0 | 12 |
1st CI 218.8 > 183.0 | 5 | |||
Heptachlor | 11.63 | 1 | QI 271.9 > 236.8 | 25 |
1st CI 274.0 > 239.0 | 20 | |||
Heptacloro Exo Epoxid | 13.71 | 1 | QI 353.0 > 263.0 | 15 |
1st CI 353.0 > 282.0 | 15 | |||
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) | 9.23 | 1 | QI 283.9 > 213.9 | 35 |
1st CI 283.9 > 248.8 | 25 | |||
Lambda Cyhalothrin | 21.65 | 1 | QI 181.1 > 152.1 | 30 |
1st CI 197.0 > 161.0 | 10 | |||
Methoxychlor | 20 | 2 | QI 227.0 > 141.1 | 40 |
1st CI 227.0 > 169.0 | 20 | |||
Mirex | 21.68 | 1 | QI 271.9 > 235.0 | 25 |
1st CI 272.0 > 237.0 | 20 | |||
Ovex (Clorfenson) | 15.11 | 1 | QI 174.8 > 111.1 | 10 |
1st CI 177.0 > 113.0 | 12 | |||
2nd CI 302.0 > 175.0 | 4 | |||
Oxyfluorfen | 15.64 | 1 | QI 252.0 > 146.0 | 32 |
1st CI 252.0 > 170.0 | 32 | |||
Parathion-Methyl | 11.28 | 2 | QI 263.0 > 109.1 | 15 |
1st CI 263.0 > 79.1 | 30 | |||
Permethrin | 23.38 | 2 | QI 183.1 > 153.1 | 15 |
1st CI 183.0 > 115.2 | 25 | |||
Procymidone | 13.97 | 2 | QI 283.0 > 96.0 | 10 |
1st CI 283.0 > 67.1 | 40 | |||
Prothiofos | 15.21 | 1 | QI 162.0 > 63.1 | 40 |
1st CI 267.0 > 239.0 | 5 | |||
Quintozene | 9.73 | 1 | QI 249.0 > 214.0 | 20 |
1st CI 295.0 > 237.0 | 20 | |||
Tetradifon | 20.71 | 1 | QI 226.9 > 199.0 | 10 |
1st CI 355.7 > 159.0 | 10 | |||
Trifluralin | 8.48 | 1 | QI 306.0 > 264.0 | 10 |
1st CI 263.9 > 160.1 | 15 | |||
Vinclozolin | 11.22 | 2 | QI 212.0 > 172.0 | 15 |
1st CI 212.0 > 109.0 | 40 |
Compound | Linearity | Average Recovery | RSD | U | LOD | LOQ | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of Adjust | Ponderation | LR 1 (µg/kg) | Pt 2 1 | Pt 2 | Pt 6 | Pt 1 | Pt 2 | Pt 6 | Pt 1 | Pt 2 | Pt 6 | (mg/kg) | (mg/kg) | |
3-Hydroxycarbofuran | Linear | 1–10 | 110 | 115 | 92 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Acephate | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 109 | 91 | 81 | 4 | 10 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Acetamiprid | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 101 | 96 | 101 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 20 | 19 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Aldicarb | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 95 | 98 | 86 | 8 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Aldicarb-sulfone | Linear | 1–10 | 118 | 104 | 90 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Aldicarb-sulfoxide | Linear | 1–10 | 118 | 111 | 100 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 14 | 17 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Allethrin | Linear | 1–10 | 92 | 80 | 83 | 10 | 18 | 20 | 10 | 18 | 20 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Ametryn | Linear | 1–10 | 119 | 106 | 99 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Aminocarb | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 97 | 100 | 90 | 13 | 9 | 4 | 14 | 9 | 12 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Atrazine | Linear | 1–10 | 107 | 104 | 103 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 14 | 10 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Azaconazole | Linear | 1–10 | 108 | 107 | 108 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Azinphos-ethyl | Linear | 1–10 | 104 | 106 | 96 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Azinphos-methyl | Linear | 1–10 | 119 | 98 | 88 | 9 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 14 | 14 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Azoxystrobin | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 105 | 93 | 99 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 14 | 20 | 16 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Benalaxyl | Linear | 1–10 | 119 | 109 | 97 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 7 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Bitertanol | Linear | 1–10 | 111 | 103 | 94 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Boscalid | Linear | 1–10 | 119 | 97 | 88 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 20 | 14 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Bromacil | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 100 | 95 | 92 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 16 | 19 | 12 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Bromuconazole | Linear | 2–20 | 118 | 108 | 101 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 0.00020 | 0.00040 | |
Buprofezin | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 102 | 103 | 88 | 18 | 17 | 14 | 19 | 17 | 14 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Cadusafos | Linear | 1–10 | 110 | 102 | 92 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Carbaryl | Linear | 1–10 | 116 | 95 | 95 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Carbendazim | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 114 | 108 | 114 | 6 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Carbofuran | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 106 | 99 | 101 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 9 | 18 | 15 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Chlorfenvinphos | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 111 | 110 | 108 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Chlorpyrifos | Linear | 1–10 | 91 | 79 | 74 | 14 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 16 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Chlorpyrifos-methyl-oxon | Linear | 1–10 | 113 | 108 | 100 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Clofentezine | Linear | 1–10 | 117 | 105 | 92 | 6 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Clomazone | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 105 | 88 | 99 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 12 | 19 | 15 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Clothianidin | Linear | 1–10 | 119 | 105 | 100 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Cyanazine | Linear | 1–10 | 118 | 95 | 90 | 9 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 19 | 19 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Cyanofenphos | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 105 | 102 | 96 | 9 | 15 | 11 | 10 | 15 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Cyazofamid | Linear | 1–10 | 105 | 99 | 94 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 19 | 18 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Cyproconazole | Linear | 1/x² | 2–20 | 105 | 110 | 115 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 15 | 7 | 4 | 0.00020 | 0.00040 |
Cyprodinil | Linear | 1–10 | 100 | 106 | 95 | 7 | 18 | 11 | 13 | 18 | 11 | 0.00020 | 0.00040 | |
Dicrotophos | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 104 | 92 | 93 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 13 | 19 | 16 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Difenoconazole | Linear | 1–10 | 113 | 105 | 100 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Diflubenzuron | Linear | 1–10 | 113 | 106 | 101 | 3 | 9 | 10 | 5 | 9 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Dimethoate | Linear | 1–10 | 100 | 100 | 99 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 10 | 12 | 4 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Dimethomorph | Linear | 1–10 | 119 | 109 | 102 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Diniconazole | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 97 | 101 | 97 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Disulfoton-sulfone | Linear | 1–10 | 110 | 109 | 106 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Diuron | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 112 | 104 | 110 | 4 | 10 | 3 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Emamectin B1a | Linear | 1–10 | 114 | 118 | 106 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Emamectin B1b | Linear | 1–10 | 113 | 112 | 111 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 13 | 10 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Epoxiconazole | Linear | 1–10 | 109 | 110 | 102 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Ethion | Linear | 1/x² | 1–10 | 84 | 88 | 87 | 9 | 19 | 20 | 16 | 19 | 20 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Ethoprophos | Linear | 1–10 | 107 | 101 | 92 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Etrimfos | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 106 | 100 | 97 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Famoxadone | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 106 | 98 | 88 | 6 | 11 | 12 | 16 | 11 | 12 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Fenbuconazole | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 98 | 100 | 108 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 20 | 17 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Fenpyroximate | Linear | 1–10 | 113 | 103 | 95 | 6 | 9 | 4 | 6 | 13 | 20 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Fenthion | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 106 | 94 | 90 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 19 | 12 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Fipronil | Linear | 1/x² | 2–20 | 106 | 101 | 99 | 5 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 11 | 8 | 0.00020 | 0.00040 |
Fluazifop-P-butyl | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 106 | 87 | 77 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 9 | 12 | 16 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Fluquinconazole | Linear | 1–10 | 106 | 106 | 110 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Furathiocarb | Linear | 1–10 | 107 | 96 | 88 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Heptenophos | Linear | 1–10 | 104 | 97 | 94 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 12 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Hexaconazole | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 105 | 108 | 100 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Hexythiazox | Linear | 1–10 | 97 | 87 | 77 | 5 | 16 | 15 | 20 | 16 | 15 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Imazalil | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 106 | 102 | 103 | 9 | 4 | 6 | 17 | 16 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Imibenconazole | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 89.5 | 85.8 | 79.9 | 4.8 | 9.9 | 13.6 | 20.0 | 12.9 | 13.6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Imidacloprid | Linear | 1–10 | 99 | 91 | 92 | 10 | 10 | 4 | 10 | 18 | 18 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Indoxacarb | Linear | 1–10 | 105 | 95 | 87 | 5 | 11 | 11 | 6 | 11 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Iprodione | Linear | 1/x² | 1–10 | 94 | 101 | 95 | 14 | 10 | 15 | 14 | 11 | 16 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Iprovalicarb | Linear | 1–10 | 103 | 106 | 105 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 16 | 14 | 7 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Kresoxim-methyl | Linear | 1–10 | 112 | 104 | 96 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Linuron | Linear | 1–10 | 117 | 91 | 90 | 18 | 11 | 3 | 18 | 19 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Malaoxon | Linear | 1–10 | 118 | 117 | 100 | 19 | 10 | 7 | 19 | 11 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Malathion | Linear | 1–10 | 102 | 104 | 109 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 20 | 19 | 16 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Metalaxyl | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 108 | 105 | 107 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 14 | 14 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Metconazole | Linear | 1–10 | 111 | 106 | 94 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Methidathion | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 108 | 100 | 96 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Methiocarb | Linear | 1–10 | 120 | 100 | 91 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 10 | 20 | 19 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Methomyl | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 92 | 85 | 88 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Methoxyfenozide | Linear | 1–10 | 110 | 108 | 99 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Metolachlor | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 105 | 105 | 100 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 20 | 12 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Metribuzin | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 15 | 9 | 5 | 20 | 10 | 12 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Monocrotophos | Linear | 1–10 | 108 | 90 | 82 | 13 | 15 | 6 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Myclobutanil | Linear | 1–10 | 110 | 108 | 103 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Omethoate | Linear | 1–10 | 95 | 84 | 78 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Oxamyl | Linear | 1–10 | 99 | 101 | 100 | 10 | 10 | 3 | 19 | 17 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Paclobutrazol | Linear | 1–10 | 107 | 98 | 97 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Paraoxon | Linear | 1–10 | 111 | 119 | 117 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Parathion | Linear | 1/x | 4–40 | 94 | 99 | 93 | 16 | 11 | 14 | 16 | 11 | 14 | 0.00040 | 0.00080 |
Penconazole | Linear | 1–10 | 107 | 113 | 103 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Pencycuron | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 92 | 86 | 89 | 7 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Pendimethalin | Linear | 1–10 | 98 | 82 | 80 | 12 | 15 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 13 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Phenthoate | Linear | 1–10 | 109 | 101 | 93 | 5 | 10 | 12 | 7 | 10 | 15 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Phosmet | Linear | 1–10 | 107 | 104 | 108 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 14 | 16 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Phosphamidon | Linear | 1–10 | 118 | 108 | 100 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Picoxystrobin | Linear | 1–10 | 110 | 107 | 110 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 15 | 9 | 7 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Pirimicarb | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 115 | 110 | 111 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Pirimiphos-ethyl | Linear | 1-10 | 102 | 90 | 89 | 9 | 8 | 13 | 16 | 8 | 13 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Pirimiphos-methyl | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 104 | 101 | 95 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 14 | 13 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Prochloraz | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 108 | 106 | 106 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Profenofos | Linear | 1/x² | 2–20 | 103 | 98 | 95 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 0.00020 | 0.00040 |
Propargite | Linear | 1–10 | 104 | 88 | 73 | 12 | 18 | 19 | 12 | 18 | 19 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Propoxur | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 108 | 98 | 95 | 10 | 4 | 5 | 15 | 20 | 19 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Pyraclostrobin | Linear | 1–10 | 110 | 99 | 96 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Pyrazophos | Linear | 1–10 | 111 | 104 | 96 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Pyridaphenthion | Linear | 1–10 | 117 | 111 | 102 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Pyriproxyfen | Quadratic | 1/x² | 1–10 | 98 | 92 | 93 | 18 | 15 | 17 | 20 | 15 | 17 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Quinalphos | Linear | 1–10 | 110 | 105 | 98 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Quizalofop-P-ethyl | Linear | 1–10 | 96 | 88 | 82 | 8 | 10 | 15 | 8 | 10 | 17 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Simazine | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 104 | 103 | 96 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 15 | 18 | 14 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Spinosyn A | Linear | 1–10 | 105 | 106 | 101 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Spinosyn D | Linear | 1–10 | 106 | 101 | 97 | 13 | 17 | 14 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Spirodiclofen | Linear | 1–10 | 99 | 84 | 84 | 11 | 19 | 16 | 11 | 19 | 20 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Spiromesifen | Linear | 1–10 | 86 | 81 | 73 | 10 | 12 | 17 | 10 | 12 | 17 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Tebuconazole | Linear | 1–10 | 96 | 102 | 100 | 7 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 9 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Tebufenozide | Linear | 1–10 | 106 | 100 | 84 | 11 | 10 | 16 | 11 | 10 | 16 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Teflubenzuron | Linear | 1/x | 2–20 | 104 | 90 | 81 | 9 | 13 | 18 | 10 | 13 | 18 | 0.00020 | 0.00040 |
Terbufos | Linear | 1/x² | 2–20 | 86 | 74 | 71 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 19 | 13 | 11 | 0.00020 | 0.00040 |
Tetraconazole | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 102 | 105 | 105 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Thiabendazole | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 111 | 114 | 95 | 17 | 18 | 5 | 19 | 18 | 5 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Thiacloprid | Linear | 1–10 | 117 | 103 | 98 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Thiamethoxam | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 106 | 94 | 91 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Thiobencarb | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 106 | 94 | 91 | 11 | 7 | 8 | 13 | 9 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Thiodicarb | Linear | 1–10 | 111 | 98 | 97 | 10 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 14 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Tolylfluanid | Linear | 1–10 | 100 | 95 | 96 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 8 | 8 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Triadimefon | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 103 | 106 | 104 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Triadimenol | Linear | 1–10 | 116 | 116 | 106 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Triazophos | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 113 | 104 | 109 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Trichlorfon | Linear | 1/x² | 1–10 | 107 | 101 | 97 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Trifloxystrobin | Linear | 1–10 | 105 | 96 | 93 | 5 | 11 | 12 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Triflumizole | Linear | 1–10 | 93 | 94 | 92 | 9 | 7 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 13 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 | |
Vamidothion | Linear | 1/x | 1–10 | 105 | 92 | 90 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 12 | 15 | 6 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Zoxamide | Linear | 1–10 | 104 | 92 | 88 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 0.00010 | 0.00020 |
Compound | Linearity | Average Recovery | RSD | U | LOD | LOQ | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of Adjust | Ponderation | FT (µg/kg) | Pt 1 | Pt 6 | Pt 1 | Pt 6 | Pt 1 | Pt 6 | (mg/kg) | (mg/kg) | |
DDE 4,4 | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 119 | 94 | 8 | 7 | 20 | 7 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Alachlor | Linear | 10–100 | 103 | 109 | 7 | 5 | 19 | 12 | 0.001 | 0.002 | |
Aldrin | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 110 | 99 | 10 | 9 | 18 | 11 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Azoxystrobin | Linear | 10–100 | 98 | 78 | 9 | 7 | 13 | 8 | 0.001 | 0.002 | |
Bifenthrin | Linear | 20–200 | 117 | 91 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 4 | 0.002 | 0.004 | |
Bromophos-methyl | Linear | 20–200 | 119 | 100 | 6 | 7 | 15 | 16 | 0.002 | 0.004 | |
Bromopropylate | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 113 | 91 | 6 | 6 | 14 | 7 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Carbophenothion | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 115 | 93 | 5 | 5 | 17 | 5 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Cyfluthrin | Linear | 1/x | 40–400 | 106 | 92 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 8 | 0.004 | 0.008 |
Cypermethrin | Linear | 20–200 | 102 | 89 | 7 | 8 | 16 | 8 | 0.002 | 0.004 | |
Clordane gama (trans) | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 112 | 99 | 7 | 5 | 18 | 10 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Chlorfenapyr | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 103 | 101 | 8 | 5 | 20 | 6 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Chlorfenvinphos | Linear | 10–100 | 120 | 98 | 10 | 4 | 16 | 13 | 0.001 | 0.002 | |
Chlorpyrifos-methyl | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 113 | 101 | 15 | 9 | 20 | 18 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Chlorthiophos | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 118 | 94 | 9 | 6 | 18 | 6 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
DDD 2,4 | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 115 | 95 | 10 | 7 | 14 | 7 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
DDT 2,4 | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 112 | 98 | 5 | 7 | 20 | 8 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
DDT 4,4 | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 109 | 98 | 5 | 5 | 19 | 7 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Deltamethrin | Linear | 1/x² | 10–100 | 96 | 119 | 13 | 4 | 20 | 10 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Dieldrin | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 113 | 96 | 10 | 7 | 20 | 8 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Difenoconazole | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 99 | 85 | 9 | 7 | 16 | 8 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Endosulfan alpha | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 116 | 98 | 8 | 5 | 17 | 8 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Endosulfan beta | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 111 | 95 | 5 | 6 | 18 | 7 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Endosulfan sulfate | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 108 | 103 | 7 | 5 | 18 | 6 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Endrin | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 111 | 98 | 10 | 5 | 19 | 6 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Esfenvalerate | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 100 | 105 | 8 | 6 | 19 | 9 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Fenpropathrin | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 109 | 92 | 5 | 5 | 16 | 5 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Fenarimol | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 105 | 85 | 6 | 7 | 12 | 10 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Fipronil | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 109 | 104 | 11 | 4 | 19 | 15 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Fluquinconazole | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 108 | 90 | 7 | 5 | 13 | 6 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Phosalone | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 102 | 92 | 8 | 7 | 18 | 7 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
HCH alpha | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 107 | 84 | 8 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Heptachlor | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 108 | 90 | 12 | 11 | 18 | 16 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 98 | 80 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 13 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Iprodione | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 108 | 89 | 13 | 8 | 15 | 8 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Lambda cyhalothrin | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 110 | 101 | 7 | 6 | 16 | 6 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Methoxychlor | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 108 | 97 | 5 | 6 | 19 | 6 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Mirex | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 113 | 108 | 5 | 9 | 18 | 18 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Chlorfenson | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 109 | 93 | 9 | 6 | 17 | 8 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Oxyfluorfen | Linear | 1/x² | 20–200 | 108 | 113 | 5 | 6 | 19 | 15 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Pendimethalin | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 99 | 104 | 6 | 6 | 18 | 18 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Permethrin | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 99 | 86 | 11 | 5 | 18 | 6 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Pirimicarb | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 115 | 104 | 13 | 6 | 14 | 16 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Pirimiphos-ethyl | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 102 | 105 | 7 | 5 | 18 | 16 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Procymidone | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 103 | 96 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Profenofos | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 112 | 102 | 4 | 5 | 14 | 13 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Prothiofos | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 113 | 97 | 8 | 5 | 15 | 8 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Quintozene | Linear | 1/x | 10–100 | 106 | 87 | 9 | 14 | 18 | 14 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Tetradifon | Linear | 1/x | 40–400 | 107 | 90 | 4 | 7 | 15 | 8 | 0.004 | 0.008 |
Trifluralin | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 112 | 94 | 9 | 11 | 15 | 14 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Vinclozolin | Linear | 1/x | 20–200 | 111 | 101 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 14 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Compound | Positive Samples | Maximum Levels | LOD 1 | LOQ 2 | MRL 3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acephate | 8 | 0.00779 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.020 |
Acetamiprid | 1 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Azoxystrobin | 15 | 0.00019 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Bifenthrin | 3 | <LQ | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.010 |
Boscalid | 1 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Carbaryl | 2 | 0.00050 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Carbendazim | 20 | 0.00350 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 1.0 |
Clomazone | 5 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | - |
Chlorpyrifos | 12 | 0.00034 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.010 |
Clothianidin | 2 | 0.00063 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | - |
Diflubenzuron | 3 | 0.00026 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Dimethoate | 6 | 0.00194 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.010 |
Diuron | 5 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Imidacloprid | 12 | 0.00618 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Metoxyphenazide | 1 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Omethoate | 2 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.010 |
Pyraclostrobin | 2 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Pyrimethanil | 3 | 0.00040 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | - |
Pyriproxyfen | 3 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Tebuconazole | 10 | 0.00045 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Thiabendazole | 20 | 0.00130 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.010 |
Thiamethoxam | 9 | 0.00209 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
Triazophos | 1 | <LQ | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.010 |
Trifloxystrobin | 5 | 0.00030 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.050 |
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Almeida, M.O.; Oloris, S.C.S.; Faria, V.H.F.; Ribeiro, M.C.M.; Cantini, D.M.; Soto-Blanco, B. Optimization of Method for Pesticide Detection in Honey by Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometric Detection. Foods 2020, 9, 1368. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9101368
Almeida MO, Oloris SCS, Faria VHF, Ribeiro MCM, Cantini DM, Soto-Blanco B. Optimization of Method for Pesticide Detection in Honey by Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometric Detection. Foods. 2020; 9(10):1368. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9101368
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlmeida, Mariana O., Silvia Catarina S. Oloris, Vanessa Heloisa F. Faria, Márcia Cassimira M. Ribeiro, Daniel M. Cantini, and Benito Soto-Blanco. 2020. "Optimization of Method for Pesticide Detection in Honey by Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometric Detection" Foods 9, no. 10: 1368. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9101368