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Open AccessArticle
Soil Actinobacteria Exhibit Metabolic Capabilities for Degrading the Toxic and Persistent Herbicide Metribuzin
by
Hadjer Rebai
Hadjer Rebai 1,2,
Essam Nageh Sholkamy
Essam Nageh Sholkamy 3,*,
Mohamed A. A. Abdelhamid
Mohamed A. A. Abdelhamid 4,5,
Pratheesh Prakasam Thanka
Pratheesh Prakasam Thanka 6,
Ashraf Aly Hassan
Ashraf Aly Hassan 6,
Seung Pil Pack
Seung Pil Pack 5,
Mi-Ran Ki
Mi-Ran Ki 5,7 and
Allaoueddine Boudemagh
Allaoueddine Boudemagh 1
1
Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Constantine 1- Frères Mentouri University, Chaâbat Erssas Campus, Ain El Bey Road, Constantine 25000, Algeria
2
Department of Microbiology, Constantine 1- Frères Mentouri University, Chaâbat Erssas Campus, Ain El Bey Road, Constantine 25000, Algeria
3
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
4
Biology Department, Faculty of Education and Arts, Sohar University, Sohar 311, Oman
5
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong-ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
6
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
7
Institute of Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong-ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Toxics 2024, 12(10), 709; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100709 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 20 August 2024
/
Revised: 13 September 2024
/
Accepted: 25 September 2024
/
Published: 29 September 2024
Abstract
Metribuzin, a widely used triazine herbicide, persists in agricultural soils and poses significant environmental pollution threats globally. The aim of this study was to investigate the biodegradation of metribuzin by actinobacterial strains in vitro at different environmental conditions. From an initial screen of 12 actinobacterial strains, four bacteria exhibited robust growth in the presence of the metribuzin as the sole carbon source at 50 mg/L concentration. The optimization of metribuzin biodegradation under different conditions (pH, temperature and inoculum size) using a spectrophotometric method revealed that maximum degradation of metribuzin occurred at a pH of 7.2, a temperature 30 °C, and at an inoculum volume of 4%. Subsequent GC-MS validation confirmed the remarkable biodegradation capabilities of the actinobacterial isolates, where the strain C1 showed the highest rate of metribuzin degradation of 83.12%. Detailed phylogenetic identified the active strains as Streptomyces toxytricini (CH), Streptomyces stelliscabiei (B2), and two Streptomyces heliomycini (C1, C3). Structural analysis by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the extensive biotransformation of the herbicide molecule. Our findings highlight the immense untapped potential of soil actinobacteria, particularly the Streptomyces heliomycini C1 strain, as versatile bioremediation agents for removing persistent agrochemical pollutants.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Rebai, H.; Sholkamy, E.N.; Abdelhamid, M.A.A.; Prakasam Thanka, P.; Hassan, A.A.; Pack, S.P.; Ki, M.-R.; Boudemagh, A.
Soil Actinobacteria Exhibit Metabolic Capabilities for Degrading the Toxic and Persistent Herbicide Metribuzin. Toxics 2024, 12, 709.
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100709
AMA Style
Rebai H, Sholkamy EN, Abdelhamid MAA, Prakasam Thanka P, Hassan AA, Pack SP, Ki M-R, Boudemagh A.
Soil Actinobacteria Exhibit Metabolic Capabilities for Degrading the Toxic and Persistent Herbicide Metribuzin. Toxics. 2024; 12(10):709.
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100709
Chicago/Turabian Style
Rebai, Hadjer, Essam Nageh Sholkamy, Mohamed A. A. Abdelhamid, Pratheesh Prakasam Thanka, Ashraf Aly Hassan, Seung Pil Pack, Mi-Ran Ki, and Allaoueddine Boudemagh.
2024. "Soil Actinobacteria Exhibit Metabolic Capabilities for Degrading the Toxic and Persistent Herbicide Metribuzin" Toxics 12, no. 10: 709.
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100709
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