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Volume 10
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10.3390/bioengineering10050533
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Article

Effects of Midsole Hardness on the Mechanical Response Characteristics of the Plantar Fascia during Running

by
Xiaolan Zhu
1,*,
Jiaojiao Liu
1,
Hui Liu
1,
Jingxi Liu
2,
Yufeng Yang
1 and
Haichun Wang
1
1
Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
2
School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Bioengineering 2023, 10(5), 533; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10050533
Submission received: 12 April 2023 / Revised: 24 April 2023 / Accepted: 25 April 2023 / Published: 27 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Biomechanics and Sports Medicine)
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Abstract

High long-term stress on the plantar fascia (PF) is the main cause of plantar fasciitis. Changes in the midsole hardness (MH) of running shoes are an important factor leading to the alteration of the PF. This study aims to establish a finite-element (FE) model of the foot–shoe, and investigates the effects of midsole hardness on PF stress and strain. The FE foot–shoe model was built in ANSYS using computed-tomography imaging data. Static structural analysis was used to simulate the moment of running push and stretch. Plantar stress and strain under different MH levels were quantitatively analyzed. A complete and valid 3D FE model was established. With an increase in MH from 10 to 50 Shore A, the overall stress and strain of the PF were decreased by approximately 1.62%, and the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint flexion angle was decreased by approximately 26.2%. The height of the arch descent decreased by approximately 24.7%, but the peak pressure of the outsole increased by approximately 26.6%. The established model in this study was effective. For running shoes, increasing the MH reduces the stress and strain of PF, but also imposes a higher load on the foot.
Keywords: foot–shoe model; finite-element method; plantar fascia; midsole hardness; biomechanics foot–shoe model; finite-element method; plantar fascia; midsole hardness; biomechanics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhu, X.; Liu, J.; Liu, H.; Liu, J.; Yang, Y.; Wang, H. Effects of Midsole Hardness on the Mechanical Response Characteristics of the Plantar Fascia during Running. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 533. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10050533

AMA Style

Zhu X, Liu J, Liu H, Liu J, Yang Y, Wang H. Effects of Midsole Hardness on the Mechanical Response Characteristics of the Plantar Fascia during Running. Bioengineering. 2023; 10(5):533. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10050533

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhu, Xiaolan, Jiaojiao Liu, Hui Liu, Jingxi Liu, Yufeng Yang, and Haichun Wang. 2023. "Effects of Midsole Hardness on the Mechanical Response Characteristics of the Plantar Fascia during Running" Bioengineering 10, no. 5: 533. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10050533

APA Style

Zhu, X., Liu, J., Liu, H., Liu, J., Yang, Y., & Wang, H. (2023). Effects of Midsole Hardness on the Mechanical Response Characteristics of the Plantar Fascia during Running. Bioengineering, 10(5), 533. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10050533

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