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Bioengineering
Volume 11
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10.3390/bioengineering11030264
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Review

Applications of Intravital Imaging in Cancer Immunotherapy

by
Deqiang Deng
1,†,
Tianli Hao
1,†,
Lisen Lu
1,
Muyang Yang
1,
Zhen Zeng
1,
Jonathan F. Lovell
2,
Yushuai Liu
3,* and
Honglin Jin
1,*
1
College of Biomedicine and Health and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
2
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
3
Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Bioengineering 2024, 11(3), 264; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11030264
Submission received: 20 December 2023 / Revised: 20 February 2024 / Accepted: 6 March 2024 / Published: 8 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Biosignal Processing)
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Abstract

Currently, immunotherapy is one of the most effective treatment strategies for cancer. However, the efficacy of any specific anti-tumor immunotherapy can vary based on the dynamic characteristics of immune cells, such as their rate of migration and cell-to-cell interactions. Therefore, understanding the dynamics among cells involved in the immune response can inform the optimization and improvement of existing immunotherapy strategies. In vivo imaging technologies use optical microscopy techniques to visualize the movement and behavior of cells in vivo, including cells involved in the immune response, thereby showing great potential for application in the field of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we briefly introduce the technical aspects required for in vivo imaging, such as fluorescent protein labeling, the construction of transgenic mice, and various window chamber models. Then, we discuss the elucidation of new phenomena and mechanisms relating to tumor immunotherapy that has been made possible by the application of in vivo imaging technology. Specifically, in vivo imaging has supported the characterization of the movement of T cells during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and the kinetic analysis of dendritic cell migration in tumor vaccine therapy. Finally, we provide a perspective on the challenges and future research directions for the use of in vivo imaging technology in cancer immunotherapy.
Keywords: intravital imaging; cancer immunotherapy; nanoparticle; immune checkpoint inhibitor; adoptive cell therapy; immune cell tracking intravital imaging; cancer immunotherapy; nanoparticle; immune checkpoint inhibitor; adoptive cell therapy; immune cell tracking
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MDPI and ACS Style

Deng, D.; Hao, T.; Lu, L.; Yang, M.; Zeng, Z.; Lovell, J.F.; Liu, Y.; Jin, H. Applications of Intravital Imaging in Cancer Immunotherapy. Bioengineering 2024, 11, 264. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11030264

AMA Style

Deng D, Hao T, Lu L, Yang M, Zeng Z, Lovell JF, Liu Y, Jin H. Applications of Intravital Imaging in Cancer Immunotherapy. Bioengineering. 2024; 11(3):264. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11030264

Chicago/Turabian Style

Deng, Deqiang, Tianli Hao, Lisen Lu, Muyang Yang, Zhen Zeng, Jonathan F. Lovell, Yushuai Liu, and Honglin Jin. 2024. "Applications of Intravital Imaging in Cancer Immunotherapy" Bioengineering 11, no. 3: 264. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11030264

APA Style

Deng, D., Hao, T., Lu, L., Yang, M., Zeng, Z., Lovell, J. F., Liu, Y., & Jin, H. (2024). Applications of Intravital Imaging in Cancer Immunotherapy. Bioengineering, 11(3), 264. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11030264

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