Heavy Metal-Resistant Filamentous Fungi as Potential Mercury Bioremediators
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Site Description and Soil Sampling
2.2. Reagents, Stock Solutions and Certified Reference Materials
2.3. Elemental Analyses and Quality Control
2.4. Fungal Isolation and Heavy Metals Resistance Assays
2.5. Species Diversity and Phylogeny
2.6. Hg2+ Biosorption from Aqueous Solution
2.7. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Heavy Metal Concentrations in Rhizosphere Soil
3.2. Identity and Heavy Metal Resistance Phylogenetic Patterns of Isolated Fungi
3.3. Fungal Heavy Metal Resistance Spectrum
3.4. Removal and Biosorption Potential of Hg2+ from Aqueous Solution
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hg | Pb | Cd | Cu | Zn | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Minimum | 35 | 54 | <LOD a | 40 | 226 |
Maximum | 4530 | 516 | <LOD a | 1699 | 2198 |
Mean | 1195 | 283 | - c | 586 | 661 |
Median | 756 | 266 | - c | 482 | 487 |
SD | 1107 | 125 | - c | 456 | 477 |
Skewness | 1.70 | 0.19 | - c | 0.98 | 2.11 |
Kurtosis | 3.35 | −0.47 | - c | 0.53 | 5.03 |
Sensitive soil threshold alert b | 1 | 50 | 3 | 100 | 300 |
Sensitive soil threshold intervention b | 2 | 100 | 5 | 200 | 600 |
Industrial soil threshold alert b | 4 | 150 | 5 | 250 | 700 |
Industrial soil threshold intervention b | 10 | 1000 | 10 | 500 | 1500 |
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Văcar, C.L.; Covaci, E.; Chakraborty, S.; Li, B.; Weindorf, D.C.; Frențiu, T.; Pârvu, M.; Podar, D. Heavy Metal-Resistant Filamentous Fungi as Potential Mercury Bioremediators. J. Fungi 2021, 7, 386. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7050386
Văcar CL, Covaci E, Chakraborty S, Li B, Weindorf DC, Frențiu T, Pârvu M, Podar D. Heavy Metal-Resistant Filamentous Fungi as Potential Mercury Bioremediators. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7(5):386. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7050386
Chicago/Turabian StyleVăcar, Cristina L., Enikö Covaci, Somsubhra Chakraborty, Bin Li, David C. Weindorf, Tiberiu Frențiu, Marcel Pârvu, and Dorina Podar. 2021. "Heavy Metal-Resistant Filamentous Fungi as Potential Mercury Bioremediators" Journal of Fungi 7, no. 5: 386. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7050386