High-Strength Controllable Resin Plugging Agent and Its Performance Evaluation for Fractured Formation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Preparation of Curable Resin Plugging Agent
2.1.1. Optimization of Resin Plugging Agent Formulations
Optimization of Urea Formaldehyde Resin Concentration
Optimization of Betaine Concentration
Optimization of Coupling Agent Concentration
Optimization of Ammonium Chloride Concentration
Optimization of Hexamethylenetetramine Concentration
Optimization of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Concentration
2.1.2. Structural Characterization of Resin Plugging Agents
Optimization of Resin Plugging Agent Formulations
Infrared Analysis
Thermogravimetric Analysis
2.2. Rheological Properties of Resin Plugging Agents
2.2.1. Relationship between Shear Rate and Viscosity
2.2.2. Relationship between Shear Stress and Modulus
2.3. Curing Properties of High Strength Curable Resin Plugging Agent
2.3.1. Effect of Temperature on the Curing Effect of Resin Plugging Agent
2.3.2. Effect of Salt Ion Concentration on the Curing Effect of Resin Plugging Agents
Effect of Sodium Ion Concentration on the Curing Effect of Resin Plugging Agent
Effect of Calcium Ion Concentration on the Curing Effect of Resin Plugging Agents
2.4. Plugging Properties of High-Strength Curable Resin Plugging Agent
2.4.1. Pressure-Plugging Ability of Resin Plugging System in Parallel Fractures
2.4.2. Pressure-Plugging Ability of Resin Plugging System in Wedge Fractures
Wedge Fracture Entrance 5 mm, Exit 3 mm
Wedge Fracture Entrance 12 mm, Exit 10 mm
3. Conclusions
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Chemical Substance
4.2. Preparation Method of Resin Plugging Agent
4.3. Rheology
4.4. Infrared Spectrum
4.5. Thermogravimetric Analysis
4.6. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
4.7. Compressive Strength
4.8. Plugging Performance
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample NameY-1 | 40 °C | 60 °C | 80 °C | 100 °C |
---|---|---|---|---|
Curing time | 2.6 h | 1 h | 0.67 h | 0.67 h |
Curing Strength | 3.78 MPa | 5.22 MPa | 5.31 MPa | 4.85 MPa |
Na+ Solution | 500 mg/L | 1000 mg/L | 5000 mg/L | 10,000 mg/L | 50,000 mg/L | 100,000 mg/L |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
40 °C | 3.78 MPa | 4.07 MPa | 3.25 MPa | 3.37 MPa | 4.14 MPa | 4.59 MPa |
60 °C | 5.22 MPa | 5.28 MPa | 5.33 MPa | 5.75 MPa | 5.49 MPa | 5.21 MPa |
80 °C | 5.31 MPa | 5.44 MPa | 5.51 MPa | 5.87 MPa | 5.75 MPa | 5.32 MPa |
100 °C | 4.85 MPa | 4.95 MPa | 5.36 MPa | 5.68 MPa | 5.11 MPa | 5.04 MPa |
Ca2+ Solution | 500 mg/L | 1000 mg/L | 5000 mg/L | 10,000 mg/L | 50,000 mg/L | 100,000 mg/L |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
40 °C | 3.65 MPa | 3.88 MPa | 3.57 MPa | 3.77 MPa | 4.14 MPa | 4.39 MPa |
60 °C | 4.22 MPa | 4.78 MPa | 5.33 MPa | 5.75 MPa | 5.49 MPa | 5.21 MPa |
80 °C | 4.31 MPa | 4.49 MPa | 5.31 MPa | 5.67 MPa | 5.95 MPa | 5.88 MPa |
100 °C | 4.49 MPa | 4.60 MPa | 4.95 MPa | 5.38 MPa | 5.78 MPa | 5.70 MPa |
Constituent | Urea Formaldehyde Resin | Betaine | Silane Coupling Agent | Ammonium Chloride | Hexamethylenetetramine | Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concentration/% | 25 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
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Liu, X.; Qi, B.; Chen, X.; Shen, Z.; Yang, J. High-Strength Controllable Resin Plugging Agent and Its Performance Evaluation for Fractured Formation. Gels 2024, 10, 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10080511
Liu X, Qi B, Chen X, Shen Z, Yang J. High-Strength Controllable Resin Plugging Agent and Its Performance Evaluation for Fractured Formation. Gels. 2024; 10(8):511. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10080511
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Xiongwei, Biao Qi, Xiuping Chen, Ziyao Shen, and Jingbin Yang. 2024. "High-Strength Controllable Resin Plugging Agent and Its Performance Evaluation for Fractured Formation" Gels 10, no. 8: 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10080511