Fabrication and Characterization of Brain Tissue Phantoms Using Agarose Gels for Ultraviolet Vision Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Transmission and Reflection Tests with Agarose Films
2.2. Transmission and Reflection Tests with Agents
2.3. Absorbing and Scattering Agents Effects
2.4. Optical Coefficients between Phantom and Biological Samples
2.5. Discussions
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Preparation of Agarose Tissue Simile
Sample Preparation
4.2. Experimental Setup
4.2.1. Objective of the Experiments
4.2.2. Samples
4.2.3. Optical Tests
4.2.4. Optical Coefficients Estimation
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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References | µa (mm−1) @ 350 nm | µa (mm−1) @ 400 nm | µa (mm−1) @ 450 nm | µa (mm−1) @ 500 nm | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Min. Value | Max. Value | Min. Value | Max. Value | Min. Value | Max. Value | Min. Value | Max. Value | |
This work’s gels with 1 µL/mL | 0.93 | 1.02 | 0.208 | 0.33 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.29 |
This work’s gels with 3 µL/mL | 0.98 | 1.03 | 0.45 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.8 |
Biotissue White brain matter | ||||||||
Honda et al. [22] | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.4 | ||||
Li et al. [24] | 2.2 | |||||||
Gebhart et al. [25] | 1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | |||||
Shapey et al. [26] | 0.3 | 0.28 | 0.22 | |||||
Yaroslavsky et al. [23] | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.14 | 0.1 | ||||
Biotissue Gray brain matter | ||||||||
Honda et al. [22] | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.85 | 0.4 | ||||
Li et al. [24] | 3 | |||||||
Gebhart et al. [25] | 1 | 0.5 | 0.25 | |||||
Shapey et al. [26] | 0.95 | 0.9 | 0.38 | |||||
Yaroslavsky et al. [23] | 0.35 | 0.26 | 0.07 | 0.05 |
References | (mm−1) @ 350 nm | (mm−1) @ 400 nm | (mm−1) @ 450 nm | (mm−1) @ 500 nm | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Min. Value | Max. Value | Min. Value | Max. Value | Min. Value | Max. Value | Min. Value | Max. Value | |
This work’s gels with 1 µL/mL | 2 | 2.2 | 5.17 | 8.35 | 3.37 | 7.47 | 2.4 | 5.6 |
This work’s gels with 3 µL/mL | 1.86 | 2 | 3.24 | 4.6 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 2.27 | 3.5 |
Biotissue White brain matter | ||||||||
Honda et al. [22] | 10 | 10 | 9.7 | 10 | ||||
Li et al. [24] | 2.8 | |||||||
Gebhart et al. [25] | 9 | 8.8 | 7 | |||||
Shapey et al. [26] | 10 | 11 | 11 | |||||
Yaroslavsky et al. [23] | 12 | 10.5 | 9.24 | 8.4 | ||||
Biotissue Gray brain matter | ||||||||
Honda et al. [22] | 4 | 4 | 3.7 | 3.5 | ||||
Li et al. [24] | 1.9 | |||||||
Gebhart et al. [25] | 2.8 | 2 | 1.9 | |||||
Shapey et al. [26] | 6 | 5 | 4.8 | |||||
Yaroslavsky et al. [23] | 2.7 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
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Vidal-Flores, L.M.; Reyes-Alberto, M.; Albor-Ramírez, E.; Domínguez-Velasco, C.F.; Gutierrez-Herrera, E.; Padilla-Castañeda, M.A. Fabrication and Characterization of Brain Tissue Phantoms Using Agarose Gels for Ultraviolet Vision Systems. Gels 2024, 10, 540. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10080540
Vidal-Flores LM, Reyes-Alberto M, Albor-Ramírez E, Domínguez-Velasco CF, Gutierrez-Herrera E, Padilla-Castañeda MA. Fabrication and Characterization of Brain Tissue Phantoms Using Agarose Gels for Ultraviolet Vision Systems. Gels. 2024; 10(8):540. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10080540
Chicago/Turabian StyleVidal-Flores, Luis M., Miguel Reyes-Alberto, Efraín Albor-Ramírez, César F. Domínguez-Velasco, Enoch Gutierrez-Herrera, and Miguel A. Padilla-Castañeda. 2024. "Fabrication and Characterization of Brain Tissue Phantoms Using Agarose Gels for Ultraviolet Vision Systems" Gels 10, no. 8: 540. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10080540