Efficient Bioethanol Production from Spent Coffee Grounds Using Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment without Detoxification
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Washing of Spent Coffee Grounds
2.3. Liquid Hot Water (LHW) Pretreatment
2.4. Separate Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation
2.5. Analytical Methods
2.5.1. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
2.5.2. X-ray Analysis
2.5.3. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Analysis
2.5.4. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effects of LHW Pretreatment Conditions on Enzymatic Hydrolysis
3.1.1. Pretreatment Temperature and Retention Time
3.1.2. Solid-to-Liquid Ratio
3.1.3. Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process
3.2. Mass Balance
3.3. Bioethanol Generartion Analysis
3.4. Structural Characterization Studies
3.4.1. FT-IR Analysis
3.4.2. SEM Analysis
3.4.3. X-ray Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pretreatment | Conversion (%) | Ethanol | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Glucose | Mannose | Concentration (g/L) | Yield b (%) | Mass Yield c (mg/g SCG) | |
170 °C—20 min | 73.52 ± 1.45 a | 42.64 ± 2.11 | 6.95 ± 0.15 | 93.80 ± 0.17 | 116.09 ± 0.10 |
170 °C—40 min | 80.78 ± 1.75 | 42.21 ± 0.28 | 7.00 ± 0.10 | 90.61 ± 2.19 | 117.53 ± 0.07 |
170 °C—60 min | 81.85 ± 2.20 | 41.04 ± 0.51 | 7.05 ± 0.36 | 91.31 ± 3.10 | 124.02 ± 0.08 |
180 °C—20 min | 81.05 ± 1.86 | 44.66 ± 1.34 | 7.25 ± 0.08 | 89.67 ± 4.13 | 124.81 ± 0.03 |
180 °C—40 min | 81.86 ± 1.27 | 38.98 ± 3.06 | 6.94 ± 0.07 | 91.49 ± 4.25 | 119.96 ± 0.03 |
180 °C—60 min | 83.15 ± 0.24 | 30.53 ± 0.50 | 6.32 ± 0.17 | 94.69 ± 3.20 | 112.80 ± 0.04 |
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Huang, J.; Li, B.; Xian, X.; Hu, Y.; Lin, X. Efficient Bioethanol Production from Spent Coffee Grounds Using Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment without Detoxification. Fermentation 2024, 10, 436. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10080436
Huang J, Li B, Xian X, Hu Y, Lin X. Efficient Bioethanol Production from Spent Coffee Grounds Using Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment without Detoxification. Fermentation. 2024; 10(8):436. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10080436
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Jiale, Biying Li, Xiaoling Xian, Yinan Hu, and Xiaoqing Lin. 2024. "Efficient Bioethanol Production from Spent Coffee Grounds Using Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment without Detoxification" Fermentation 10, no. 8: 436. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10080436