Relationships between Phenotypes and Chemotypic Characteristics of Local Gymnema inodorum Plants in Northern Thailand

Norkum ai, Pasin; Wongkaew, Malaiporn; Tangpao, Tibet; Sritontip, Parinyawadee; Wongsiri, Seksan; Junmahasathien, Taepin; Lumsangkul, Chompunut; Sommano, Sarana Rose

doi:10.3390/horticulturae9040484

Open AccessArticle

Relationships between Phenotypes and Chemotypic Characteristics of Local Gymnema inodorum Plants in Northern Thailand

by

Pasin Norkum ai

^1,2,†

,

Malaiporn Wongkaew

^2,3,†

,

Tibet Tangpao

^1,2,

Parinyawadee Sritontip

⁴,

Seksan Wongsiri

⁵,

Taepin Junmahasathien

^6,7,8,

Chompunut Lumsangkul

^9,10

and

Sarana Rose Sommano

^1,2,8,*

¹

Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

²

Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

³

Program in Food Production and Innovation, College of Integrated Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Chiang Mai 50220, Thailand

⁴

Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Lampang 52000, Thailand

⁵

Department of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Science and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Lampang 52000, Thailand

⁶

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

⁷

Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

⁸

Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

⁹

Department of Animal and Aquatic Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

¹⁰

Functional Food Research Centre for Well-Being, Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Horticulturae 2023, 9(4), 484; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040484

Submission received: 16 March 2023 / Revised: 9 April 2023 / Accepted: 11 April 2023 / Published: 12 April 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Horticultural Plants and By-Products as Sources of Biological Active Compounds)

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Abstract

Gymnema inodorum (Lour.) Decne or Chiang Da, the local northern Thai vegetable, is renowned for its anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic properties and is highly sought after by the functional food industry. This research investigated the relationship between the physiological characteristics, genetic variation, and chemical compositions of different Chiang Da accessions. Two commercial lines (COM1 and COM2) and eight local accessions (BAC1-8) of Chiang Da were gathered and maintained in the same study plot for the investigation of their morphological characteristics, genetic variation, and nutritional and phytochemical constituents. From the morphological data, the two commercial lines were clearly distinctive with their closely related leaf structures. Random amplification of the polymorphic illustrated the genetic diversity between the local accessions and commercial strains in a similar pattern as described by their morphology characteristics and proximate contents. The phytochemical characteristics, nonetheless, projected the two commercial lines in separate groups. The outcome of this study could be beneficial toward the selection of the Chiang Da strains with specific traits for plant breeding programs of functional food interest.

Keywords: antioxidant; genetic diversity; gymnemic acid; principal component analysis; RAPD

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MDPI and ACS Style

Norkum ai, P.; Wongkaew, M.; Tangpao, T.; Sritontip, P.; Wongsiri, S.; Junmahasathien, T.; Lumsangkul, C.; Sommano, S.R. Relationships between Phenotypes and Chemotypic Characteristics of Local Gymnema inodorum Plants in Northern Thailand. Horticulturae 2023, 9, 484. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040484

AMA Style

Norkum ai P, Wongkaew M, Tangpao T, Sritontip P, Wongsiri S, Junmahasathien T, Lumsangkul C, Sommano SR. Relationships between Phenotypes and Chemotypic Characteristics of Local Gymnema inodorum Plants in Northern Thailand. Horticulturae. 2023; 9(4):484. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040484

Chicago/Turabian Style

Norkum ai, Pasin, Malaiporn Wongkaew, Tibet Tangpao, Parinyawadee Sritontip, Seksan Wongsiri, Taepin Junmahasathien, Chompunut Lumsangkul, and Sarana Rose Sommano. 2023. "Relationships between Phenotypes and Chemotypic Characteristics of Local Gymnema inodorum Plants in Northern Thailand" Horticulturae 9, no. 4: 484. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040484

APA Style

Norkum ai, P., Wongkaew, M., Tangpao, T., Sritontip, P., Wongsiri, S., Junmahasathien, T., Lumsangkul, C., & Sommano, S. R. (2023). Relationships between Phenotypes and Chemotypic Characteristics of Local Gymnema inodorum Plants in Northern Thailand. Horticulturae, 9(4), 484. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040484

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Relationships between Phenotypes and Chemotypic Characteristics of Local Gymnema inodorum Plants in Northern Thailand

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