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Case Report

Relationships between Workload, Heart Rate Variability, and Performance in a Recreational Endurance Runner

by
Daniel Boullosa
1,*,
André R. Medeiros
2,
Andrew A. Flatt
3,
Michael R. Esco
4,
Fabio Y. Nakamura
5 and
Carl Foster
6
1
INISA, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
2
Federal District Education Secretary, Brasilia 72302-505, Brazil
3
Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Armstrong State University, Savannah, GA 31419, USA
4
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 870312, USA
5
Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
6
Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, Lacrosse, WI 54601, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2021, 6(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6010030
Submission received: 25 February 2021 / Revised: 16 March 2021 / Accepted: 19 March 2021 / Published: 22 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise Evaluation and Prescription—2nd Edition)
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Abstract

Background: The association between heart rate variability (HRV), training load (TL), and performance is poorly understood. Methods: A middle-aged recreational female runner was monitored during a competitive 20-wk macrocycle divided into first (M1) and second mesocycle (M2) in which best performances over 10 km and 21 km were recorded. Volume (km), session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), TL, and monotony (mean TL/SD TL) were the workload parameters recorded. The root mean square of the successive differences in R-R intervals (RMSSD), its coefficient of variation (RMSSDcv), and the RMSSD:RR ratio were the HRV parameters monitored. Results: During M2, RMSSD (p = 0.006) and RMSSD:RR (p = 0.002) were significantly increased, while RR was significantly reduced (p = 0.017). Significant correlations were identified between monotony and volume (r = 0.552; p = 0.012), RR (r = 0.447; p = 0.048), and RMSSD:RR (r = −0.458; p = 0.042). A sudden reduction in RMSSD (from 40.31 to 24.34 ms) was observed the day before the first symptoms of an influenza. Conclusions: The current results confirm the practicality of concurrent HRV and sRPE monitoring in recreational runners, with the RMSSD:RR ratio indicative of specific adaptations. Excessive training volume may be associated to both elevated monotony and reduced RMSSD:RR. Identification of mesocycle patterns is recommended for better individualization of the periodization used.
Keywords: autonomic control of HR; vagal modulations; vagal-sympathetic effect; training monitoring; endurance performance autonomic control of HR; vagal modulations; vagal-sympathetic effect; training monitoring; endurance performance

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MDPI and ACS Style

Boullosa, D.; Medeiros, A.R.; Flatt, A.A.; Esco, M.R.; Nakamura, F.Y.; Foster, C. Relationships between Workload, Heart Rate Variability, and Performance in a Recreational Endurance Runner. J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2021, 6, 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6010030

AMA Style

Boullosa D, Medeiros AR, Flatt AA, Esco MR, Nakamura FY, Foster C. Relationships between Workload, Heart Rate Variability, and Performance in a Recreational Endurance Runner. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2021; 6(1):30. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6010030

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boullosa, Daniel, André R. Medeiros, Andrew A. Flatt, Michael R. Esco, Fabio Y. Nakamura, and Carl Foster. 2021. "Relationships between Workload, Heart Rate Variability, and Performance in a Recreational Endurance Runner" Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 6, no. 1: 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6010030

APA Style

Boullosa, D., Medeiros, A. R., Flatt, A. A., Esco, M. R., Nakamura, F. Y., & Foster, C. (2021). Relationships between Workload, Heart Rate Variability, and Performance in a Recreational Endurance Runner. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 6(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6010030

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