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Review

Training Specificity for Athletes: Emphasis on Strength-Power Training: A Narrative Review

by
Michael H. Stone
1,
W. Guy Hornsby
2,*,
Dylan G. Suarez
3,
Marco Duca
1 and
Kyle C. Pierce
4
1
Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, Department of Sport, Exercise, Recreation and Kinesiology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
2
School of Sport Sciences, College of Applied Human Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
3
Sports Science, Cincinnati Reds, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USA
4
Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71115, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2022, 7(4), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040102
Submission received: 12 October 2022 / Revised: 26 October 2022 / Accepted: 28 October 2022 / Published: 16 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Sport Physiology and Performance—3rd Edition)
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Abstract

Specificity has two major components: A strength-endurance continuum (S-EC) and adherence to principles of Dynamic Correspondence. Available evidence indicates the existence of the S-EC continuum from two aspects. Indeed, the S-EC exists, particularly if work is equated as a high load low repetition scheme at one end (strength stimulus) and high volume (HIEE stimulus) at the other. Furthermore, some evidence also indicates that the continuum as a repetition paradigm with high-load, low repetition at one end (strength stimulus) and a high repetition, low load at the other end. The second paradigm is most apparent under three conditions: (1) ecological validity—in the real world, work is not equated, (2) use of absolute loads in testing and (3) a substantial difference in the repetitions used in training (for example 2–5 repetitions versus ≥10 repetitions). Additionally, adherence to the principles and criteria of dynamic correspondence allows for greater “transfer of training” to performance measures. Typically, and logically, in order to optimize transfer, training athletes requires a reasonable development of capacities (i.e., structure, metabolism, neural aspects, etc.) before more specific training takes place.
Keywords: strength endurance continuum; dynamic correspondence; programming methods strength endurance continuum; dynamic correspondence; programming methods

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MDPI and ACS Style

Stone, M.H.; Hornsby, W.G.; Suarez, D.G.; Duca, M.; Pierce, K.C. Training Specificity for Athletes: Emphasis on Strength-Power Training: A Narrative Review. J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2022, 7, 102. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040102

AMA Style

Stone MH, Hornsby WG, Suarez DG, Duca M, Pierce KC. Training Specificity for Athletes: Emphasis on Strength-Power Training: A Narrative Review. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2022; 7(4):102. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040102

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stone, Michael H., W. Guy Hornsby, Dylan G. Suarez, Marco Duca, and Kyle C. Pierce. 2022. "Training Specificity for Athletes: Emphasis on Strength-Power Training: A Narrative Review" Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 7, no. 4: 102. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040102

APA Style

Stone, M. H., Hornsby, W. G., Suarez, D. G., Duca, M., & Pierce, K. C. (2022). Training Specificity for Athletes: Emphasis on Strength-Power Training: A Narrative Review. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 7(4), 102. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040102

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