Financing the Water and Sanitation Sectors: A Hybrid Literature Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Ameyan and Chan [16], focused on water supply PPP (public-private partnership) projects and aimed to find influencing factors capable of skewing private sector decision to participate and invest in water supply projects, through an explorative research approach: a literature review of success factors, a survey with a group of PPP experts, and a multicriteria analysis of the collected data. Ultimately, this study identified, among other factors, the need to have an enabling policy and legal frameworks, profitable water projects, the public acceptance/support of private sector involvement in water services, and strong and competent public water authorities.
- Dithebe et al. [17] analyzed the perceived occurrence of challenges delaying the delivery of water infrastructure assets in South Africa, which included a literature review focused on existing financing models. It identified a growing investment deficit for infrastructure development in Africa and stated that the application of innovative financing (IF) solutions (such as PPPs, loan guarantees, municipal bonds, low-interest loans, and credit options available to all spheres of governmental projects) would result in positive outcomes such as: “efficiency of financial flows, reduction of delivery time and costs, and the establishment of a direct link between financial flows and measurable performance”. In conclusion, this paper’s literature review identified the challenges facing infrastructure development in developing countries: “high transactions costs, financial sector impediments, lack of projects development capacity, lack of credit history and cost recovery constraints”.
- What has been the evolution and current research trend of studies on WSS financing?
- What are the main themes studied in the past and insights offered in the literature regarding WSS financing?
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Systematic Quantitative Review
3.2. Semantic Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Sustainable Development
4.2. Water Management and Public Finance
4.3. Project Financing
4.4. Public Policy
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Search Number | Scopus—Search Codes |
---|---|
1 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“private financ*” AND “wastewater”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
2 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“private financ*” AND “water”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
3 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“private financ*” AND “sanitation”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
4 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“financ* instruments” AND “wastewater”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
5 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“financ* instruments” AND “water”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
6 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“financ* instruments” AND “sanitation”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
7 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“project financ*” AND “wastewater”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
8 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“project financ*” AND “water”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
9 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“project financ*” AND “sanitation”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, “j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, “ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
10 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“public financ*” AND “wastewater” AND “infrastructure”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
11 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“public financ*” AND “water” AND “infrastructure”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
12 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“public financ*” AND “sanitation” AND “infrastructure”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
13 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“financ* tools” AND “wastewater”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
14 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“financ* tools” AND “water”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
15 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“financ* tools” AND “sanitation”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
16 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“sustainable development goal” AND “6” AND “wastewater”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
17 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“sustainable development goal” AND “6” AND “water”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
18 | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“sustainable development goal” AND “6” AND “sanitation”) AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE,”j”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”BUSI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENGI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ENVI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”SOCI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”DECI”) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA,”ECON”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “French”) OR LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “Spanish”)) |
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
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Search Number | Keywords | Results | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Private Financ * | Wastewater | 5 | ||
2 | Water | 32 | |||
3 | Sanitation | 5 | |||
4 | Financ* Instruments | Wastewater | 2 | ||
5 | Water | 41 | |||
6 | Sanitation | 0 | |||
7 | Project Financ * | Wastewater | 15 | ||
8 | Water | 85 | |||
9 | Sanitation | 7 | |||
10 | Public Financ * | Infrastructure | Wastewater | 3 | |
11 | Water | 24 | |||
12 | Sanitation | 8 | |||
13 | Financ * Tools | Wastewater | 2 | ||
14 | Water | 17 | |||
15 | Sanitation | 3 | |||
16 | Sustainable Development Goal | 6 | Wastewater | 26 | |
17 | Water | 209 | |||
18 | Sanitation | 119 | |||
Total | 603 |
Journals | Papers |
---|---|
Desalination | 11 |
Science of the Total Environment | 6 |
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management | 5 |
Water Policy | 5 |
International Journal of Water Resources Development | 4 |
Journal of the American Water Resources Association | 4 |
World Development | 4 |
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management | 3 |
Sustainability (Switzerland) | 3 |
Water (Switzerland) | 3 |
Development Policy Review | 2 |
Environment and Planning A | 2 |
Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space | 2 |
International Journal of Project Management | 2 |
Journal of Environmental Engineering | 2 |
Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction | 2 |
Journal of Urban Planning and Development | 2 |
Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers: Management, Procurement and Law | 2 |
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Municipal Engineer | 2 |
Water Alternatives | 2 |
Water Bulletin | 2 |
Water Resources Research | 2 |
Water Supply | 2 |
Others | 65 |
Total Number of Papers | 139 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Briscoe, J. | 2 |
Characklis, G.W. | 2 |
Giné-Garriga, R. | 2 |
Humphreys, E. | 2 |
Jiménez, A. | 2 |
Mehta, P. | 2 |
Mourad, K.A. | 2 |
Pérez-Foguet, A. | 2 |
Qadir, M. | 2 |
Reed, P.M. | 2 |
Schwartz, K. | 2 |
Tan, J. | 2 |
Others | 331 |
Author’s Affiliation | Country | Studies |
---|---|---|
Stockholm International Water Institute | Sweden | 11 |
The World Bank | United States | 8 |
Technical University of Denmark | Denmark | 7 |
University of California | United States | 7 |
McKenna Long and Aldridge LLP | United States | 6 |
Cornell University | United States | 5 |
Loughborough University | United Kingdom | 5 |
Universidad Industrial de Santander | Colombia | 5 |
University of Oxford | United Kingdom | 5 |
UNSW-UWS Research Centre | Australia | 5 |
Other Affiliations | N/A | 278 |
Methodology | Papers |
---|---|
Qualitative | 44 |
Quantitative | 29 |
Mixed | 47 |
N/A | 19 |
Total Number of Papers | 139 |
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Machete, I.; Marques, R. Financing the Water and Sanitation Sectors: A Hybrid Literature Review. Infrastructures 2021, 6, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6010009
Machete I, Marques R. Financing the Water and Sanitation Sectors: A Hybrid Literature Review. Infrastructures. 2021; 6(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6010009
Chicago/Turabian StyleMachete, Inês, and Rui Marques. 2021. "Financing the Water and Sanitation Sectors: A Hybrid Literature Review" Infrastructures 6, no. 1: 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6010009
APA StyleMachete, I., & Marques, R. (2021). Financing the Water and Sanitation Sectors: A Hybrid Literature Review. Infrastructures, 6(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6010009