The Effect of a Maternal Cafeteria Diet on Adipose Tissue Browning in Rats and the Body Composition of Mothers and Their Offspring †
1
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
2
Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023, Belgrade, Serbia, 14–17 November 2023.
Proceedings 2023, 91(1), 310; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091310
Published: 8 February 2024
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023)
Abstract
:Obesity is a growing public health problem worldwide, including among pregnant women. The Western dietary pattern, with its high energy density and low nutritional value, supports excessive fat accumulation in the body and the obesity epidemic. Three types of adipose tissue are known: white (WAT), beige (BeAT), and brown (BAT). BAT and BeAT have the potential to oxidize fatty acids and glucose and dissipate energy in the form of heat. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a maternal cafeteria diet administered in an animal model prior to pregnancy, during pregnancy, and during lactation on the body composition and browning of adipose tissue of females and their offspring. Eight-week-old female Wistar rats were fed prior to conception, during pregnancy, and during lactation with a cafeteria diet (CAF) or a control diet (C). After weaning, the offspring were fed a standard AIN93G semisynthetic diet. Body mass and composition were measured (Minispec LF90II, Bruker). The transcript levels of Ucp1 and Cidea in the rats’ BeAT were determined using real-time PCR (LightCycler 480 II, Roche). The CAF offspring had lower body weights at PND 4 than the C group offspring (9.6 ± 0.3 vs. 10.4 ± 0.2 g, p < 0.005). CAF male and female offspring had lower body weight values than the control group from postnatal day (PND) 21 to 60 (p < 0.05). The amount of adipose tissue in females from the CAF group was lower than in group C females at PND 35 (p < 0.05). The CAF group had higher Ucp1 transcript levels in male offspring at PND 40 and 45 (p < 0.05) than the C group, but the Cidea transcript levels did not differ between the groups. It was concluded that a maternal cafeteria diet affected the body weight of the offspring of both sexes. However, adiposity-related outcomes were affected in a sex-specific manner. The level of adipose tissue was lower only in female offspring. On the other hand, transcripts of the Ucp1 gene, which is a marker of browning, were altered only in male offspring.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization, A.C., J.Ś., A.R. and J.M.; methodology, A.C., J.Ś., A.R. and J.M.; software, A.R.; validation, A.R., A.C., J.Ś. and J.M.; formal analysis, A.R.; investigation, A.R. and J.M.; resources, A.R.; data curation, A.R.; writing—original draft preparation, A.R.; writing—review and editing, A.C. and J.Ś.; visualization, A.R.; supervision, A.C. and J.Ś.; project administration, A.R., A.C., J.Ś. and J.M.; funding acquisition A.R., A.C., J.Ś. and J.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
PRELUDIUM grants 2021/41/N/NZ9/00905 and 2019/35/N/NZ9/00663.
Institutional Review Board Statement
Local Ethics Committee for Experiments on Animals, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland (no. 55/2018).
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the authors.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Radziejewska, A.; Matuszewska, J.; Śliwowska, J.; Chmurzynska, A. The Effect of a Maternal Cafeteria Diet on Adipose Tissue Browning in Rats and the Body Composition of Mothers and Their Offspring. Proceedings 2023, 91, 310. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091310
AMA Style
Radziejewska A, Matuszewska J, Śliwowska J, Chmurzynska A. The Effect of a Maternal Cafeteria Diet on Adipose Tissue Browning in Rats and the Body Composition of Mothers and Their Offspring. Proceedings. 2023; 91(1):310. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091310
Chicago/Turabian StyleRadziejewska, Anna, Julia Matuszewska, Joanna Śliwowska, and Agata Chmurzynska. 2023. "The Effect of a Maternal Cafeteria Diet on Adipose Tissue Browning in Rats and the Body Composition of Mothers and Their Offspring" Proceedings 91, no. 1: 310. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091310
