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Article

Pre-Equilibrium Clustering in Production of Spectator Fragments in Collisions of Relativistic Nuclei

by
Roman Nepeivoda
1,2,*,
Aleksandr Svetlichnyi
1,2,
Nikita Kozyrev
1,2 and
Igor Pshenichnov
1,2
1
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Per. 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
2
Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 60-Letia Okatyabrya 7a, 117312 Moscow, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Particles 2022, 5(1), 40-51; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles5010004
Submission received: 29 December 2021 / Revised: 26 January 2022 / Accepted: 27 January 2022 / Published: 29 January 2022

Abstract

An algorithm of pre-equilibrium clustering of spectator matter based on the construction of the minimum spanning tree (MST) is presented. The algorithm was implemented in the Abrasion-Ablation Monte Carlo for Colliders (AAMCC) model designed to study the characteristics of spectator matter in collisions of relativistic nuclei. Due to accounting for the pre-equilibrium clusters in modelling 208Pb–208Pb collisions at the LHC, the agreement of simulation results with experimental data on the average multiplicities of spectator nucleons was improved. The results of the AAMCC-MST were compared with experimental data on the interactions of 197Au nuclei in nuclear photoemulsion. Comparison of the yields of spectator nuclei calculated for 16O–16O collisions with the yields measured in interactions of 16O with light nuclei of photoemulsion made it possible to estimate the effect of MST-clustering in small nuclear systems.
Keywords: collisions of relativistic nuclei; spectator matter; MST-clustering; cluster formation; nuclear fragmentation collisions of relativistic nuclei; spectator matter; MST-clustering; cluster formation; nuclear fragmentation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nepeivoda, R.; Svetlichnyi, A.; Kozyrev, N.; Pshenichnov, I. Pre-Equilibrium Clustering in Production of Spectator Fragments in Collisions of Relativistic Nuclei. Particles 2022, 5, 40-51. https://doi.org/10.3390/particles5010004

AMA Style

Nepeivoda R, Svetlichnyi A, Kozyrev N, Pshenichnov I. Pre-Equilibrium Clustering in Production of Spectator Fragments in Collisions of Relativistic Nuclei. Particles. 2022; 5(1):40-51. https://doi.org/10.3390/particles5010004

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nepeivoda, Roman, Aleksandr Svetlichnyi, Nikita Kozyrev, and Igor Pshenichnov. 2022. "Pre-Equilibrium Clustering in Production of Spectator Fragments in Collisions of Relativistic Nuclei" Particles 5, no. 1: 40-51. https://doi.org/10.3390/particles5010004

APA Style

Nepeivoda, R., Svetlichnyi, A., Kozyrev, N., & Pshenichnov, I. (2022). Pre-Equilibrium Clustering in Production of Spectator Fragments in Collisions of Relativistic Nuclei. Particles, 5(1), 40-51. https://doi.org/10.3390/particles5010004

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