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Review

Selenium and Nano-Selenium Biofortification for Human Health: Opportunities and Challenges

by
Hassan El-Ramady
1,
Salah E.-D. Faizy
1,
Neama Abdalla
2,
Hussein Taha
2,
Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy
3,
Miklós Fari
3,
Tamer Elsakhawy
4,
Alaa El-Dein Omara
4,
Tarek Shalaby
5,6,
Yousry Bayoumi
5,
Said Shehata
7,
Christoph-Martin Geilfus
8 and
Eric C. Brevik
9,*
1
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
2
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt
3
Agricultural Botany, Crop Physiology and Biotechnology Department, Debrecen University, Böszörményi u. 138., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
4
Agriculture Microbiology Department, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Kafr El-Sheikh 33717, Egypt
5
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
6
Arid Land Agriculture Department, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
7
Vegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
8
Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Life Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 1and3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
9
Departments of Natural Sciences and Agriculture and Technical Studies, Dickinson State University, Dickinson, ND 58601, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Soil Syst. 2020, 4(3), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4030057
Submission received: 9 August 2020 / Revised: 2 September 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 / Published: 9 September 2020
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Abstract

Selenium is an essential micronutrient required for the health of humans and lower plants, but its importance for higher plants is still being investigated. The biological functions of Se related to human health revolve around its presence in 25 known selenoproteins (e.g., selenocysteine or the 21st amino acid). Humans may receive their required Se through plant uptake of soil Se, foods enriched in Se, or Se dietary supplements. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have been applied to biofortified foods and feeds. Due to low toxicity and high efficiency, Se-NPs are used in applications such as cancer therapy and nano-medicines. Selenium and nano-selenium may be able to support and enhance the productivity of cultivated plants and animals under stressful conditions because they are antimicrobial and anti-carcinogenic agents, with antioxidant capacity and immune-modulatory efficacy. Thus, nano-selenium could be inserted in the feeds of fish and livestock to improvise stress resilience and productivity. This review offers new insights in Se and Se-NPs biofortification for edible plants and farm animals under stressful environments. Further, extensive research on Se-NPs is required to identify possible adverse effects on humans and their cytotoxicity.
Keywords: human disease; cereal crops; vegetable crops; hyper-accumulators; biofortified crops human disease; cereal crops; vegetable crops; hyper-accumulators; biofortified crops

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

El-Ramady, H.; Faizy, S.E.-D.; Abdalla, N.; Taha, H.; Domokos-Szabolcsy, É.; Fari, M.; Elsakhawy, T.; Omara, A.E.-D.; Shalaby, T.; Bayoumi, Y.; et al. Selenium and Nano-Selenium Biofortification for Human Health: Opportunities and Challenges. Soil Syst. 2020, 4, 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4030057

AMA Style

El-Ramady H, Faizy SE-D, Abdalla N, Taha H, Domokos-Szabolcsy É, Fari M, Elsakhawy T, Omara AE-D, Shalaby T, Bayoumi Y, et al. Selenium and Nano-Selenium Biofortification for Human Health: Opportunities and Challenges. Soil Systems. 2020; 4(3):57. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4030057

Chicago/Turabian Style

El-Ramady, Hassan, Salah E.-D. Faizy, Neama Abdalla, Hussein Taha, Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy, Miklós Fari, Tamer Elsakhawy, Alaa El-Dein Omara, Tarek Shalaby, Yousry Bayoumi, and et al. 2020. "Selenium and Nano-Selenium Biofortification for Human Health: Opportunities and Challenges" Soil Systems 4, no. 3: 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4030057

APA Style

El-Ramady, H., Faizy, S. E.-D., Abdalla, N., Taha, H., Domokos-Szabolcsy, É., Fari, M., Elsakhawy, T., Omara, A. E.-D., Shalaby, T., Bayoumi, Y., Shehata, S., Geilfus, C.-M., & Brevik, E. C. (2020). Selenium and Nano-Selenium Biofortification for Human Health: Opportunities and Challenges. Soil Systems, 4(3), 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4030057

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