Diagnostic Accuracy of a Portable Electromyography and Electrocardiography Device to Measure Sleep Bruxism in a Sleep Apnea Population: A Comparative Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
Limitations
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Sample Selection
4.2. PSG Recordings
PSG Sleep Bruxism Analysis
4.3. Bruxoff Sleep Bruxism Analysis
4.4. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AASM: | American Academy of Sleep Medicine |
AH: | Apnea-Hypopnea episode |
AHI: | Apnea-Hypopnea Index |
BMI: | Body Mass Index |
CT90: | total time lower 90% O2Sat. |
DC/TMD: | Diagnostic criteria for the Temporomandibular Disorders |
EEG: | Electroencephalogram |
EKG: | Electrocardiogram |
EMG: | Electromyography |
EOG: | Electrooculogram |
HR: | Heart Rate |
ICC: | Intraclass Correlation Coefficient |
MMA: | Masticatory Muscle Activity |
MVC: | Maximum Voluntary Contraction |
OMA: | Sleep-related Oromotor Activity |
OSA: | Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
PSG: | Polysomnography |
RMMA: | Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity |
SB: | Sleep Bruxism |
SD: | Standar Desviation |
SEMG: | Surface electromyography |
SLT: | Sleep Time Latency |
SPT: | Sleep Period Time |
TST: | Total Sleep Time |
WASO: | Wake time After Sleep Onset |
References
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N = 22 | |
---|---|
Mean ± SD | |
Physical data | |
Age | 46.55 ± 11.06 |
BMI | 27.23 ± 5.38 |
Sleep data | |
SPT (min) | 411.55 ± 27.31 |
TST (min) | 330.05 ± 62.42 |
SLT (min) | 13.86 ± 26.87 |
Sleep efficiency (%) | 81.66 ± 14.89 |
WASO (min) | 56.30 ± 47.86 |
Awakes (number) | 44.05 ± 25.16 |
Sleep stage distribution | |
N1/SPT (%) | 25.12 ± 16.60 |
N2/SPT (%) | 43.85 ± 9.37 |
N3/SPT (%) | 15.99 ± 10.91 |
R/SPT (%) | 15.43 ± 5.92 |
Pulse oximetry data | |
Mean (%) | 93.45 ± 2.98 |
Max (%) | 98.32 ± 1.04 |
Min (%) | 81.09 ± 11.03 |
CT90 (%) | 12.94 ± 23.65 |
Sleep apnea data | |
No. apneas | 106.18 ± 161.17 |
No. hypopneas | 30.32 ± 31.24 |
No. apneas + hypopneas | 136.50 ± 172.87 |
AHI | 25.25 ± 32.83 |
N = 22 | ||
---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | t | |
Polysomnography | ||
No. episodes/night | 8.41 ± 10.85 | 3.63 |
No. episodes/h | 1.49 ± 2.05 | 3.39 |
No. phasic episodes | 2.00 ± 4.48 | 2.09 |
No. tonic episodes | 5.55 ± 7.06 | 3.68 |
No. mixed episodes | 0.86 ± 1.67 | 2.42 |
Automatic Bruxoff | ||
No. episodes/night | 22.68 ± 16.02 | 6.64 |
No. episodes/h | 3.92 ± 2.71 | 6.78 |
No. phasic episodes | 5.82 ± 5.37 | 5.06 |
No. tonic episodes | 5.77 ± 6.90 | 3.87 |
No. mixed episodes | 1.23 ± 1.87 | 3.06 |
Manual Bruxoff | ||
No. episodes/night | 14.64 ± 10.76 | 6.37 |
No. episodes/h | 2.54 ± 1.95 | 6.13 |
No. phasic episodes | 5.27 ± 4.50 | 5.49 |
No. tonic episodes | 8.05 ± 7.82 | 4.82 |
No. mixed episodes | 1.32 ± 2.00 | 3.07 |
N = 22 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Non OSA ± SD N = 6 | OSA ± SD N = 16 | F | |
SB Polysomnography | |||
Total episodes | 13.71 ± 13.76 * | 5.93 ± 8.64 * | 4.58 |
Phasic episodes | 4.43 ± 7.39 * | 0.87 ± 1.52 * | 10.10 |
Tonic episodes | 8.14 ± 8.57 | 4.33 ± 6.20 | 1.83 |
Mixed episodes | 1.14 ± 1.86 | 0.73 ± 16.62 | 0.25 |
Ep./h | 2.11 ± 2.07 | 1.20 ± 2.07 | 0.74 |
SB Automatic Bruxoff | |||
Total episodes | 23.14 ± 11.69 | 22.47 ± 18.07 | 0.95 |
Phasic episodes | 7.14 ± 6.25 | 5.20 ± 5.04 | 0.331 |
Tonic episodes | 5.00 ± 4.65 | 6.13 ± 7.97 | 2.76 |
Mixed episodes | 1.43 ± 1.81 | 1.13 ± 1.95 | 0.00 |
Ep./h | 4.38 ± 2.38 | 3.70 ± 2.90 | 0.80 |
SB Manual Bruxoff | |||
Total episodes | 16.14 ± 10.73 | 13.93 ± 11.08 | 0.20 |
Phasic episodes | 6.43 ± 6.47 * | 4.73 ± 3.39 * | 5.07 |
Tonic episodes | 8.57 ± 8.26 | 7 80 ± 7.89 | 0.03 |
Mixed episodes | 1.14 ± 1.86 | 1.40 ± 2.13 | 0.18 |
Ep./h | 3.15 ± 2.35 | 2.26 ± 1.74 | 1.19 |
N = 22 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non OSA ± SD N = 6 | Mild OSA ± SD N = 7 | Moderate OSA ± SD N = 3 | Severe OSA ± SD N = 6 | F | |
SB Polysomnography | |||||
Total episodes | 16 ± 13.55 | 5.57 ± 6.13 | 10.33 ± 17.89 | 3.17 ± 4.66 | 1.83 |
Tonic episodes | 9.50 ± 8.52 | 5.85 ± 2.21 | 6.67 ± 11.54 | 2.17 ± 2.86 | 1.18 |
Phasic episodes | 5.17 ± 7.80 | 0.57 ± 1.13 | 1.67 ± 2.88 | 0.67 ± 1.21 | 1.52 |
Mixed episodes | 1.33 ± 1.97 | 0.43 ± 0.78 | 2.00 ± 3.46 | 0,33 ± 0.82 | 0.97 |
Episodes/h | 2.46 ± 2.03 | 0.93 ± 1.01 | 2.67 ± 4.61 | 0.80 ± 0.70 | 1.40 |
SB Automatic Bruxoff | |||||
Total episodes | 24.50 ± 12.19 | 26 ± 20.44 | 18 ± 24.26 | 19.33 ± 12.13 | 0.26 |
Tonic episodes | 4.83 ± 5.07 | 6.71 ± 5.67 | 8 ± 13 | 4.50 ± 8.12 | 0.21 |
Phasic episodes | 7.67 ± 6.68 | 7.29 ± 5.31 | 2.33 ± 3.21 | 4.00 ± 4.56 | 1.06 |
Mixed episodes | 1.67 ± 1.86 | 0.86 ± 1.21 | 1.33 ± 1.52 | 1.27 ± 2.86 | 0.72 |
Episodes/h | 4.68 ± 2.45 | 4.34 ± 3.24 | 2.6 ± 3.55 | 3.33 ± 2.19 | 0.50 |
SB Manual Bruxoff | |||||
Total episodes | 16.83 ± 11.58 | 16.14 ± 10.30 | 14 ± 18.19 | 11.00 ± 8.22 | 0.32 |
Tonic episodes | 9 ± 8.96 | 8.29 ± 6.39 | 7.67 ± 11.59 | 7.00 ± 8.44 | 0.61 |
Phasic episodes | 6.5 ± 7.09 | 6.71 ± 3.86 | 4 ± 2.64 | 3.00 ± 1.55 | 0.92 |
Mixed episodes | 1.33 ± 1.96 | 1.14 ± 1.86 | 2.33 ± 4.04 | 1.00 ± 1.26 | 0.29 |
Episodes/h | 3.33 ± 2.52 | 2.6 ± 1.41 | 2.03 ± 2.65 | 1.95 ± 1.71 | 0.55 |
SB Episodes (N = 22) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Non OSA N = 6 | Mild OSA N = 7 | Moderate OSA N = 3 | Severe OSA N = 6 |
0.61 | 0.53 * | 0.24 | 0.23 |
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Cid-Verdejo, R.; Domínguez Gordillo, A.A.; Sánchez-Romero, E.A.; Ardizone García, I.; Martínez Orozco, F.J. Diagnostic Accuracy of a Portable Electromyography and Electrocardiography Device to Measure Sleep Bruxism in a Sleep Apnea Population: A Comparative Study. Clocks & Sleep 2023, 5, 717-733. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep5040047
Cid-Verdejo R, Domínguez Gordillo AA, Sánchez-Romero EA, Ardizone García I, Martínez Orozco FJ. Diagnostic Accuracy of a Portable Electromyography and Electrocardiography Device to Measure Sleep Bruxism in a Sleep Apnea Population: A Comparative Study. Clocks & Sleep. 2023; 5(4):717-733. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep5040047
Chicago/Turabian StyleCid-Verdejo, Rosana, Adelaida A. Domínguez Gordillo, Eleuterio A. Sánchez-Romero, Ignacio Ardizone García, and Francisco J. Martínez Orozco. 2023. "Diagnostic Accuracy of a Portable Electromyography and Electrocardiography Device to Measure Sleep Bruxism in a Sleep Apnea Population: A Comparative Study" Clocks & Sleep 5, no. 4: 717-733. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep5040047
APA StyleCid-Verdejo, R., Domínguez Gordillo, A. A., Sánchez-Romero, E. A., Ardizone García, I., & Martínez Orozco, F. J. (2023). Diagnostic Accuracy of a Portable Electromyography and Electrocardiography Device to Measure Sleep Bruxism in a Sleep Apnea Population: A Comparative Study. Clocks & Sleep, 5(4), 717-733. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep5040047