Nanoparticles Synthesised in the Gas-Phase and Their Applications in Sensors: A Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Nanoparticle Synthesis
2.1. Gas-Phase Nanoparticle Synthesis
2.2. Alternative Methods for NP Synthesis
3. Strain Sensors and Other Devices
3.1. Conductivity in Metallic NP Films, Strain-Sensing Mechanism
3.2. Review of Recent Advances in NP-Based, Strain-Sensors and Other Physical Sensors
4. Chemical Sensors
5. Biosensing Devices
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Authors/Year [Ref] | Active Material | Sensor Type | Sensitivity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tanner et al./2012 [32] | Pt NPs | Strain-sensor | 75 G.F. | Gas-phase NPs, Si substrate |
Zheng et al./2014 [33] | Cr NPs | Strain-sensor | 100 G.F. | Gas-phase NPs, PET substrate |
Xie et al./2018 [34] | Pd NPs | Strain-sensor | 1000 G.F. | Gas-phase NPs, PET substrate |
Patsiouras et al./2018 [35] | Pt NPs | Strain-sensor | 45 G.F. | Gas-phase NPs, Si substrate |
Schwebke et al./2018 [36] | Pt NPs | Strain-sensor | 23 (BN), 9–9500 (Al2O3) G.Fs | Gas-phase NPs, BN & Al2O3 substrate |
Min et al./2019 [37] | Ag NPs/MWCNTs composites | Strain/stretch-sensor | 58.7 G.F. | Gas-phase NPs, PDMS substrate |
Lee et al./2019 [38] | Ag NPs | Strain-sensor | 290.62, 1056 (cracks) | Gas-phase NPs, PI substrate |
Liu et al./2019 [39] | Pd NPs | Strain-sensor | 55 (0.3% strain)–3500 (8% strain) | Gas-phase NPs, PET substrate |
Aslanidis et al. [31] | Pt NPs | Strain-sensor | 60 G.F. (strain < 0.64%), 85 G.F. (strain > 0.64%) | Gas-phase NPs, PI substrate |
Chen et al./2019 [40] | Pd NPs | Pressure-sensor/Barometer | 0.13 kPa−1 | Gas-phase NPs, PET substrate |
Zhang et al./2017 [41] | Au NPs/UCNPs structure | Temperature-sensor | 1.35% K−1 (325 K) | Gas-phase NPs, PI substrate |
Authors/Year [Ref] | Active Material | Gas Target | LoD (Concentration) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lee et al./2016 [42] | Au decorated CuO NWs | CO, NO2 | 1 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Kim et al. [43] | Pt decorated SnO2 NFs | Toluene | 10 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Wongrat et al./2016 [44] | Au decorated ZnO | EtOH | 100 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Choi et al./2017 [45] | Pt decorated SWCNTs | NO2 | 2 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Yang et al./2017 [46] | Pd decorated SnO2 on LiNbO3 | H2 | 100 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Gasparotto et al./2018 [47] | Au decorated ZnO NRs | H2, O2 | 1996 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Liang et al./2018 [48] | Au decorated VO2 NWs | NO2 | 5 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Drmosh et al./2018 [49] | Au decorated SnO2 | NO2 | 50 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Cao et al./2019 [50] | Pd decorated ZnO NRs | EtOH | 100 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Khalid et al./2019 [51] | Au decorated SnO2 NWs | EtOH | 125 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Jaiswal et al./2020 [52] | Pd decorated MoS2 | H2 | 10 ppm | Heat-treated NPs |
Liang et al./2016 [53] | Au decorated VO2 nanosheets | CH4 | 100 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Yuan et al./2016 [54] | Au decorated PS/WO3 composites | NO2 | 50 ppb | Gas-phase NPs |
Li et al./2017 [55] | Au & SnO2 decorated MoS2 | TEA | 2 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Hao et al./2017 [56] | Pd decorated MoS2/SiO2/Si heterojunction | H2 | 0.5% | Gas-phase NPs |
Vernieres et al./2017 [57] | Fe nanocubes | NO2 | 3 ppb | Gas-phase NPs |
Dhall et al./2017 [58] | Pt decorated MWCNTs/TiO2 | H2 | 0.05% | Gas-phase NPs |
Song et al./2017 [59] | Au decorated ZnO NRs | TEA | 1 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Chen et al./2017 [60] | Pd coated PMMA membranes | H2 | 50 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Arachchige/2018 [61] | Au decorated MoO3 NFs | H2S, acetone, EtOH, H2 | ppb level, 5, 0.2, 20 ppm (respectively) | Gas-phase NPs |
Xie et al./2018 [62] | Pd NPs on PET | H2 | 15 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Koo et al./2019 [63] | Pt decorated Al-doped ZnO | Acetone | 0.1 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Chen et al./2020 [64] | Au decorated, 3D MoS2 | TEA | 2 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Sysoev et al./2009 [65] | SnO2 NPs/NWs | 2-Propanol | 1 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Shaalan et al./2011 [66] | SnO2 NPs/ NWs/MWs | NO2 | 2 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Bhatnagar et al./2017 [67] | SnO2/ SnO2:C NPs | H2, EtOH | 2% | Gas-phase NPs |
Vasiliev et al./2018 [68] | SnO2 NPs | H2 | 20 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Skotadis et al. /2012 [29] | Pt NPs with single polymer coating | EtOH, R.H. | 500 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Skotadis et al. /2013 [71] | Pt NPs with single polymer coating | EtOH, RH | 500 ppm | Gas-phase NPs |
Madianos et al./2018 [72] | Pt NPs with four polymer coatings | Chlorpyrifos, RH. | 100 ppb (chlorpyrifos) | Gas-phase NPs |
Skotadis et al. /2020 [73] | Pt NPs with four polymer coatings | Chloract 48 EC, RH | 73.95 ppb (chlorpyrifos) | Gas-phase NPs |
Afify et al./2015 [74] | W4+ NPs/sepiolite grains | RH | 40% | Precipitated NPs |
Hassan et al./2016 [75] | ZnO NPs/sepiolite needles | RH, NO2 and H2 | 28%, ppm levels, 20 ppm | Precipitated NPs |
Authors/Year [Ref] | Active Material | Target Type | LoD (Concentration) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hou et al./2016 [76] | Au decorated ZnO NRs | ascorbic acid, uric acid | 0.1 mM, 0.01 mM (respectively) | Gas-phase NPs |
Li et al./2016 [77] | Au decorated MWCNTs | bisphenol A | 0.03 mg/L | Gas-phase NPs & paper substrate |
Skotadis et al./2016 [78] | Pt NPs-2D films | DNA hybridization | 1 nM | Gas-phase NPs |
Yuan et al./2017 [79] | Pt decorated graphene | H2O2 | 0.18 nM | Gas-phase NPs |
Yuan et al./2017 [80] | Au decorated graphene | H2O2 | 10 nM | Gas-phase NPs |
Skotadis et al./2017 [81] | Pt NPs-2D films | Pb2+ ions | 10 nM | Gas-phase NPs |
Galdino et al./2017 [82] | Au decorated Graphene Oxide | Total Cholesterol | 25 μmol/L | Gas-phase NPs |
Gasparotto et al./2017 [83] | Au decorated ZnO NRs | antigen CA-125/MUC126 | 2.5 ng/μL | Gas-phase NPs |
Madianos et al./2018 [84] | Pt NP microwires | Acetamiprid, atrazine | 1 pM, 10 pM (respectively) | Gas-phase NPs |
Madianos et al./2018 [85] | Pt NPs-2D films | Acetamiprid, atrazine | 6 pM, 40 pM (respectively) | Gas-phase NPs |
Biasotto et al./2019 [86] | Au decorated ZnO NRs | Hep. C Virus | 0.25 μg/μL | Gas-phase NPs |
Danielson et al./2019 [87] | Au decorated ZnO NWs | DNA hybridization, streptavidin | 100 pM, 10 nM (respectively) | Gas-phase NPs |
Danielson et al./2020 [88] | Au decorated graphene | DNA hybridization, streptavidin | 15 aM | Gas-phase NPs |
Della Ventura et al. [89] | Au NPs | IgG antigen | 25 µg/mL | Laser-ablated NPs |
Said et al./2017 [90] | Ag/Cu decorated graphene FETs | Glucose | 1 μΜ | Gas-phase NPs |
Jung et al./2018 [91] | NiO decorated ZnO NRs FETs | Glucose | 0.001 mΜ | Gas-phase NPs |
Soganci et.al./2018 [92] | Cu decorated graphene | Glucose | 0.01 mM | Gas-phase NPs |
Olejnik et al./2020 [93] | Au decorated Ti | Glucose | 30 μM | Heat-treated NPs |
Zhang et al. 2020 [94] | Au decorated electrodes | Glucose | 1 μM | Gas-phase NPs |
Soganci et.al./2020 [95] | Cu NPs/graphene, sandwiched structure | Glucose | 0.025 μΜ | Gas-phase NPs |
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Skotadis, E.; Aslanidis, E.; Kainourgiaki, M.; Tsoukalas, D. Nanoparticles Synthesised in the Gas-Phase and Their Applications in Sensors: A Review. Appl. Nano 2020, 1, 70-86. https://doi.org/10.3390/applnano1010006
Skotadis E, Aslanidis E, Kainourgiaki M, Tsoukalas D. Nanoparticles Synthesised in the Gas-Phase and Their Applications in Sensors: A Review. Applied Nano. 2020; 1(1):70-86. https://doi.org/10.3390/applnano1010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleSkotadis, Evangelos, Evangelos Aslanidis, Maria Kainourgiaki, and Dimitris Tsoukalas. 2020. "Nanoparticles Synthesised in the Gas-Phase and Their Applications in Sensors: A Review" Applied Nano 1, no. 1: 70-86. https://doi.org/10.3390/applnano1010006