Sensory Processing Challenges in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Genetic Conditions: An Observational Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Sensory Integration and Sensory Integration Disorders
1.2. Sensory Integration Disorders and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
1.3. Sensory Integration Disorders in Genetic Conditions
1.4. Objective
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Sensory Processing Measure
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Neurodevelopmental Disorders
4.2. Genetic Conditions
4.3. Limitations and Future Research
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Total | Boys | Girls | z-Value | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TD | N | 342 | 169 | 173 | −0.22 | 0.829 | (ns) |
% | 100 | 49.42 | 50.58 | ||||
Age (mean) | 7.18 | 7.14 | 7.21 | −0.02 | 0.985 | (ns) | |
Age (sd) | 2.19 | 2.06 | 2.31 | ||||
ADHD | N | 35 | 33 | 2 | 2.43 | 0.015 | * |
% | 100 | 94.29 | 5.71 | ||||
Age (mean) | 8.34 | 8.15 | 11.50 | −0.74 | 0.457 | (ns) | |
Age (sd) | 2.71 | 2.68 | 0.50 | ||||
ASD | N | 47 | 37 | 10 | 3.22 | 0.001 | ** |
% | 100 | 78.72 | 21.28 | ||||
Age (mean) | 6.00 | 5.51 | 7.80 | −0.62 | 0.537 | (ns) | |
Age (sd) | 3.64 | 2.75 | 5.49 | ||||
DD | N | 36 | 28 | 8 | 2.77 | 0.006 | ** |
% | 100 | 77.78 | 22.22 | ||||
Age (mean) | 3.56 | 3.43 | 4.00 | −0.21 | 0.834 | (ns) | |
Age (sd) | 1.40 | 0.98 | 2.29 | ||||
LDs | N | 65 | 46 | 19 | 3.05 | 0.002 | ** |
% | 100 | 70.77 | 29.23 | ||||
Age (mean) | 6.48 | 6.57 | 6.26 | 0.08 | 0.933 | (ns) | |
Age (sd) | 3.11 | 3.25 | 2.71 | ||||
22qDS | N | 35 | 15 | 20 | −0.84 | 0.403 | (ns) |
% | 100 | 42.86 | 57.14 | ||||
Age (mean) | 9.31 | 8.67 | 9.80 | −0.26 | 0.792 | (ns) | |
Age (sd) | 5.27 | 4.09 | 5.95 | ||||
WS | N | 40 | 25 | 15 | 1.53 | 0.126 | (ns) |
% | 100 | 62.50 | 37.50 | ||||
Age (mean) | 7.68 | 7.80 | 7.47 | 0.09 | 0.932 | (ns) | |
Age (sd) | 3.86 | 3.76 | 4.00 | ||||
PHP | N | 14 | 8 | 6 | 0.53 | 0.597 | (ns) |
% | 100 | 57.14 | 42.86 | ||||
Age (mean) | 9.21 | 9.25 | 9.17 | 0.02 | 0.985 | (ns) | |
Age (sd) | 3.84 | 3.99 | 3.62 |
SP2 Sensory Sections | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Auditory processing | Visual processing | Touch processing | Movement processing | Body position processing | Oral sensory processing | |||||||
Group | mean (sd) | p/dCliff (vs. TD) | mean (sd) | p/dClif (vs. TD) | mean (sd) | p/dClif (vs. TD) | mean (sd) | p/dClif (vs. TD) | mean (sd) | p/dClif (vs. TD) | mean (sd) | p/dClif (vs. TD) |
TD | 19.94 (6.69) | - | 13.51 (4.34) | - | 17.05 (6.48) | - | 15.82 (5.67) | - | 11.09 (4.25) | - | 19.61 (7.80) | - |
ADHD | 24.54 (6.12) | 0.001/−0.382 | 11.94 (4.76) | 0.035/0.158 | 22.91 (6.97) | <0.001/−0.507 | 20.48 (6.36) | <0.001/−0.462 | 13.65 (5.74) | 0.013/−0.377 | 19.65 (5.07) | 0.474/−0.14 |
ASD | 24.10 (6.55) | 0.002/−0.318 | 13.42 (4.97) | 0.799/−0.034 | 23.78 (8.64) | <0.001/−0.524 | 20.38 (5.66) | <0.001/−0.514 | 15.36 (7.32) | <0.001/−0.463 | 25.34 (10.05) | <0.001/−0.367 |
DD | 21.30 (5.56) | 0.342/−0.156 | 13.94 (5.95) | 0.976/−0.054 | 23.33 (9.35) | <0.001/−0.493 | 20.08 (5.74) | <0.001/−0.462 | 16.83 (7.79) | <0.001/−0.569 | 21.41 (7.98) | 0.160/−0.188 |
LDs | 22.00 (7.41) | 0.104/−0.154 | 12.96 (0.99) | 0.389/0.012 | 20.29 (6.48) | <0.001/−0.358 | 19.16 (6.26) | <0.001/−0.371 | 13.43 (5.47) | 0.001/−0.373 | 21.16 (8.08) | 0.146/0.154 |
22qDS | 25.51 (6.75) | <0.001/−0.432 | 18.22 (4.67) | <0.001/−0.566 | 24.42 (9.41) | <0.001/−0.499 | 19.60 (6.12) | <0.001/−0.414 | 23.80 (8.04) | <0.001/−0.837 | 22.60 (8.94) | 0.068/−0.228 |
WS | 26.30 (6.25) | <0.001/−0.512 | 16.60 (5.72) | <0.001/−0.407 | 23.02 (7.24) | <0.001/−0.528 | 19.63 (5.11) | <0.001/−0.463 | 19.07 (5.84) | <0.001/−0.808 | 26.77 (9.07) | <0.001/−0.462 |
PHP | 19.64 (7.35) | 0.765/0.014 | 12.00 (4.72) | 0.225/0.135 | 19.14 (6.43) | 0.229/−0.282 | 15.35 (4.95) | 0.764/−0.028 | 16.35 (5.66) | <0.001/−0.647 | 19.92 (9.16) | 0.817/−0.015 |
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Rodríguez-Armendariz, E.; Vela-Romero, M.; Galiana, A. Sensory Processing Challenges in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Genetic Conditions: An Observational Study. NeuroSci 2024, 5, 339-353. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5030027
Rodríguez-Armendariz E, Vela-Romero M, Galiana A. Sensory Processing Challenges in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Genetic Conditions: An Observational Study. NeuroSci. 2024; 5(3):339-353. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5030027
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodríguez-Armendariz, Ekaine, María Vela-Romero, and Adrián Galiana. 2024. "Sensory Processing Challenges in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Genetic Conditions: An Observational Study" NeuroSci 5, no. 3: 339-353. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5030027