Design and Fabrication of Four-Way Hacksaw †
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology (A), Visakhapatnam 530049, AP, India
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering (A), Visakhapatnam 530048, AP, India
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 5th International Conference on Innovative Product Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IPDIMS 2023), Rourkela, India, 6–7 December 2023.
Eng. Proc. 2024, 66(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024066017
Published: 8 July 2024
Abstract
:Automatic power hacksaws are made for cutting different materials into different sizes. The main aim of making this machine is to save human effort, space, and time when cutting various materials to increase the amount of work that can be carried out. A special motor turns the hacksaw blade, and the circular motion of the motor is changed into a back-and-forth motion by a crank and a link connected to the saw. Engineers designed this machine using AUTO CAD 23.0 and it can cut materials that are between 10 mm and 14 mm thick. There are sensors on the machine that can detect when the cutting is finished, and a coolant is used during the cutting process.
1. Introduction
A hacksaw is a saw with small teeth mainly for cutting metal. It is similar to a circular saw but for woodwork. The blade in most hacksaws is held tight by a C-shaped frame [1,2]. These hacksaws use pins to hold a slim, disposable blade to a handle, which is usually shaped like a pistol. The frames can change to fit different blade sizes. A screw or similar object tightens the thin blade. In hacksaws, like many frame saws, the blade can point towards or away from the user. It can be used by pushing or pulling the handle [3,4,5]. A hacksaw is a hand tool used for cutting materials like plastic tubes and metal pipes. It has removable blades with sharp teeth. Normally, it consists of a metal frame with a downward-facing blade [6,7,8]. A handle made of plastic, wood, or metal is usually attached at one end of the frame. The frame’s ends have adjustable pegs to hold the blade tight or loose for removal. Each end of the blade has a small hole that fits onto the saw frame’s pegs [9].
2. Methodology
The geometry of the proposed hacksaw and its assembly model is presented in Figure 1.
3. Results
3.1. Velocities of Sliders [10,11,12]
Considering cutting stroke length, L = 30 mm
We know that L = 2 r
Where r = crank radius. Therefore, r = 15 mm
Connecting rod length = 220 mm
For speed, N = 400 rpm
ῲ = 42 rad/s
3.2. Velocity Diagrams [4,5]
Therefore, the velocity of “p” with respect to “o” Vp = 1.5 m/s
Vap = 0.41 m/s
Vbp = 0.45 m/s
Vcp = 0.43 m/s
Vdp = 0.54 m/s
3.3. Total Force [3]
INERTIA FORCE
F = ma
Where n = L/r= 220/15
Therefore, a = 52.95 m/s2
Now, inertia force is F = ma = 2 × 52.95
F = 105.9 N
F = µN for mild steel (µ = 0.5 to 0.8)
F = 42.32 N
3.4. Cutting Force
Cutting force required
Fc = Z × K × A × f
Fc = 300 N
3.5. Total Required Force
F = cutting force + inertia force + friction force
F = 448.22 N
3.6. Initial Torque
Power required
P = (F × V) A + (F × V) B + (F × V) C + (F × V) D
P = 738.07 Nm/s
P = 1 HP
Therefore, torque is required.
T = 17.80 N-m
The results of the above are listed in Table 1.
4. Conclusions
A reduced cutting time per unit of work piece translates to a decreased machine idle time, thereby enhancing efficiency and reliability. To address issues encountered with conventional hacksaw machines, such as their inefficiency, complexity, and costliness, a novel solution is proposed: the four-way hacksaw machine. This innovative model proves invaluable in mini-industries by fulfilling all operational requirements while bolstering production and simplifying metal bar cutting. Notably, it can withstand vibrations, eliminates jerking hazards, and demands no specialized training for operation. Its primary advantage lies in minimizing labor intervention to the utmost extent.
Author Contributions
P.H.J.V., M.T., R.R.R. and B.V.R. contributed equally to this manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement
Informed consent was obtained from all informants involved in the study.
Data Availability Statement
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article: further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.
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Figure 1.
Hack saw frame dimensions and its assembly model [9].
Figure 1.
Hack saw frame dimensions and its assembly model [9].
Table 1.
Values [9].
Table 1.
Values [9].
| S.no | Type of Force | Values |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Velocity of sliders | ῲ = 42 rad/s |
| 2 | Friction | 42.32 N |
| 3 | Inertia force | 105.9 N |
| 4 | Cutting force | 300 N |
| 5 | Total required force | 448.22 N |
| 6 | Torque required | 17.80 N-M |
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MDPI and ACS Style
Venkatesh, P.H.J.; Tarun, M.; Ramu, R.R.; Rathan, B.V. Design and Fabrication of Four-Way Hacksaw. Eng. Proc. 2024, 66, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024066017
AMA Style
Venkatesh PHJ, Tarun M, Ramu RR, Rathan BV. Design and Fabrication of Four-Way Hacksaw. Engineering Proceedings. 2024; 66(1):17. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024066017
Chicago/Turabian StyleVenkatesh, P. H. J., M. Tarun, R. Rudrabhi Ramu, and Bathula Vineela Rathan. 2024. "Design and Fabrication of Four-Way Hacksaw" Engineering Proceedings 66, no. 1: 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024066017
