Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Optimisation through Modification of Chitosan/Ceramic Composition
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Synthesising Fluorapatite (FAp)
- An amount of 0.43 g of sodium fluoride (NaF) powder was added to 10 mL of 10 mol/L phosphoric acid and mixed using magnificent stirrer;
- Then, 5 g of hydroxyapatite was added to the solution and reacted for few minutes;
- The powder was mixed in mortar, producing FAp (Ca5(PO4)3F) through the following reaction.
2.2. Scaffold Preparation
2.3. Morphological SEM Study
2.4. Swelling Study
2.5. Characterisation of Scaffold (Fourier Transform Infrared)
2.6. Compression Test
2.7. Cytotoxicity Evaluation
2.8. In Vitro Degradation Study
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. SEM
3.2. Swelling Study
3.3. FTIR
3.4. Compression Test
3.5. Cytotoxicity Evaluation
3.6. In Vitro Degradation Study
4. Conclusions
5. Future Work
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Scaffold ID | HAp/(%wt) | FAp/(%wt) | Volume of AA/(mL) |
---|---|---|---|
12.5 CSH/HAp1.5/FAp0 | 1.5 | 0 | 12.5 |
12.5 CSH/HAp0.7.5/FAp0.75 | 0 | 1.5 | 12.5 |
12.5 CSH/HAp0/FAp1.5 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 12.5 |
20 CSH/HAp1.5/FAp0 | 0 | 1.5 | 20 |
20 CSH/HAp0.7.5/FAp0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 20 |
20 CSH/HAp0/FAp1.5 | 0 | 1.5 | 30 |
30 CSH/HAp1.5/FAp0 | 1.5 | 0 | 30 |
30 CSH/HAp0.7.5/FAp0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 30 |
30 CSH/HAp0/FAp1.5 | 0 | 1.5 | 30 |
Atomic Percent (%) | 12.5 CSH/HAp1.5/FAp0 | 12.5 CSH/HAp0.75/FAp0.75 | 12.5 CSH/HAp0/FAp1.5 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ca | P | Ca/P ratio | Ca | P | Ca/P Ratio | Ca | P | Ca/P Ratio | |
W0 | 9.821 | 3.39 | 2.89 | 9.9 | 4.99 | 1.98 | 5.82 | 6.18 | 0.94 |
W2 | 24.56 | 10.29 | 2.38 | 15.79 | 7.49 | 2.1 | 8.82 | 3.54 | 2.94 |
W8 | 29.53 | 13.25 | 2.22 | 30.88 | 13.15 | 2.34 | 9.87 | 3.6 | 2.7 |
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Zhou, K.; Azaman, F.A.; Cao, Z.; Brennan Fournet, M.; Devine, D.M. Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Optimisation through Modification of Chitosan/Ceramic Composition. Macromol 2023, 3, 326-342. https://doi.org/10.3390/macromol3020021
Zhou K, Azaman FA, Cao Z, Brennan Fournet M, Devine DM. Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Optimisation through Modification of Chitosan/Ceramic Composition. Macromol. 2023; 3(2):326-342. https://doi.org/10.3390/macromol3020021
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Keran, Farah Alwani Azaman, Zhi Cao, Margaret Brennan Fournet, and Declan M. Devine. 2023. "Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Optimisation through Modification of Chitosan/Ceramic Composition" Macromol 3, no. 2: 326-342. https://doi.org/10.3390/macromol3020021