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Photochem
Volume 1
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Photochem, Volume 1, Issue 1 (June 2021) – 6 articles

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13 pages, 5575 KiB  
Article
Preparation of Activated Carbon/TiO2 Nanohybrids for Photodegradation of Reactive Red-35 Dye Using Sunlight
by Bappy Mondol, Anupam Sarker, A. M. Shareque, Shaikat Chandra Dey, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Ajoy Kumar Das, Sayed Md. Shamsuddin, Md. Ashraful Islam Molla and Mithun Sarker
Photochem 2021, 1(1), 54-66; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem1010006 - 18 May 2021
Cited by 44 | Viewed by 4512
Abstract
Activated carbon/titanium dioxide (AC/TiO2) nanohybrids were synthesized by a hydrothermal technique using various weight percent of commercial AC and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The synthesized [...] Read more.
Activated carbon/titanium dioxide (AC/TiO2) nanohybrids were synthesized by a hydrothermal technique using various weight percent of commercial AC and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The synthesized nanohybrids were applied to photodegradation of Reactive Red-35 (RR-35) dye in aqueous solution using sunlight. Due to the synergistic effect of adsorption and photodegradation activity, AC/TiO2 nanohybrids were more efficient in treating the aqueous dye solution than that of AC and TiO2. The maximum (95%) RR-35 dye removal from the water was obtained with 20 wt% AC/TiO2 within 30 min at natural pH of 5.6. The possible photodegradation mechanism of RR-35 dye with AC/TiO2 was discussed from the scavenger test. Moreover, AC/TiO2 was found to be suitable for long-term repeated applications through recyclability experiments. Therefore, AC/TiO2 nanohybrid is a promising photocatalyst for treating azo dyes especially RR-35 from water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Visible Light Active Photocatalysts for Environmental Remediation and Organic Synthesis)
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1 pages, 139 KiB  
Editorial
Photochem—A New Multidisciplinary Open Access Journal for Photochemistry
by Dirk M. Guldi
Photochem 2021, 1(1), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem1010005 - 28 Apr 2021
Viewed by 2163
Abstract
Welcome to the journal Photochem [...] Full article
15 pages, 11609 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Photoluminescence of Electrodeposited Europium Complex on Bare and Terpyridine-Functionalized Porous Si Surfaces
by Min Hee Joo, So Jeong Park, Hye Ji Jang, Sung-Min Hong, Choong Kyun Rhee and Youngku Sohn
Photochem 2021, 1(1), 38-52; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem1010004 - 6 Apr 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2649
Abstract
The trivalent Eu(III) ion exhibits unique red luminescence and plays an significant role in the display industry. Herein, the amperometry electrodeposition method was employed to electrodeposit Eu(III) materials on porous Si and terpyridine-functionalized Si surfaces. The electrodeposited materials were fully characterized by scanning [...] Read more.
The trivalent Eu(III) ion exhibits unique red luminescence and plays an significant role in the display industry. Herein, the amperometry electrodeposition method was employed to electrodeposit Eu(III) materials on porous Si and terpyridine-functionalized Si surfaces. The electrodeposited materials were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction crystallography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed that PL signals were substantially increased upon deposition on porous Si surfaces. PL signals were mainly due to direct excitation and charge-transfer-indirect excitations before and after thermal annealing, respectively. The as-electrodeposited materials were of a Eu(III) complex consisting of OH, H2O, NO3−, and CO32− groups. The complex was transformed to Eu2O3 upon thermal annealing at 700 °C. The electrodeposition on porous surfaces provide invaluable information on the fabrication of thin films for displays, as well as photoelectrodes for catalyst applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Photochemistry)
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12 pages, 1247 KiB  
Article
Photoprotective Properties of Eumelanin: Computational Insights into the Photophysics of a Catechol:Quinone Heterodimer Model System
by Victoria C. Frederick, Thomas A. Ashy, Barbara Marchetti, Michael N. R. Ashfold and Tolga N. V. Karsili
Photochem 2021, 1(1), 26-37; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem1010003 - 10 Mar 2021
Viewed by 3186
Abstract
Melanins are skin-centered molecular structures that block harmful UV radiation from the sun and help protect chromosomal DNA from UV damage. Understanding the photodynamics of the chromophores that make up eumelanin is therefore paramount. This manuscript presents a multi-reference computational study of the [...] Read more.
Melanins are skin-centered molecular structures that block harmful UV radiation from the sun and help protect chromosomal DNA from UV damage. Understanding the photodynamics of the chromophores that make up eumelanin is therefore paramount. This manuscript presents a multi-reference computational study of the mechanisms responsible for the experimentally observed photostability of a melanin-relevant model heterodimer comprising a catechol (C)–benzoquinone (Q) pair. The present results validate a recently proposed photoinduced intermolecular transfer of an H atom from an OH moiety of C to a carbonyl-oxygen atom of the Q. Photoexcitation of the ground state C:Q heterodimer (which has a π-stacked “sandwich” structure) results in population of a locally excited ππ* state (on Q), which develops increasing charge-transfer (biradical) character as it evolves to a “hinged” minimum energy geometry and drives proton transfer (i.e., net H atom transfer) from C to Q. The study provides further insights into excited state decay mechanisms that could contribute to the photostability afforded by the bulk polymeric structure of eumelanin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Photochemistry)
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16 pages, 1841 KiB  
Article
Infrared Spectrum and UV-Induced Photochemistry of Matrix-Isolated Phenyl 1-Hydroxy-2-Naphthoate
by İsa Sıdır, Sándor Góbi, Yadigar Gülseven Sıdır and Rui Fausto
Photochem 2021, 1(1), 10-25; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem1010002 - 26 Feb 2021
Viewed by 2794
Abstract
The conformational stability, infrared spectrum, and photochemistry of phenyl 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate (PHN) were studied by matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and theoretical computations performed at the DFT(B3LYP)/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. The main intramolecular interactions determining the relative stability of seven conformers of the molecule were [...] Read more.
The conformational stability, infrared spectrum, and photochemistry of phenyl 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate (PHN) were studied by matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and theoretical computations performed at the DFT(B3LYP)/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. The main intramolecular interactions determining the relative stability of seven conformers of the molecule were evaluated. According to the calculations, the twofold degenerated O–H···O=C intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded conformer with the phenyl ring ester group ±68.8° out of the plane of the substituted naphtyl moiety is the most stable conformer of the molecule. This conformer is considerably more stable than the second most stable form (by ~15 kJ mol−1), in which a weaker O–H···O–C intramolecular hydrogen bond exists. The compound was isolated in cryogenic argon and N2 matrices, and the conformational composition in the matrices was investigated by infrared spectroscopy. In agreement with the predicted relative energies of the conformers, the analysis of the spectra indicated that only the most stable conformer of PHN was present in the as-deposited matrices. The matrices were then irradiated at various wavelengths by narrowband tunable UV light within the 331.7–235.0 nm wavelength range. This resulted in the photodecarbonylation of PHN, yielding 2-phenoxynaphthalen-1-ol, together with CO. The extension of the decarbonylation was found to depend on the excitation wavelength. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Photochemistry)
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9 pages, 4734 KiB  
Article
V-Substituted ZnIn2S4: A (Visible+NIR) Light-Active Photocatalyst
by Raquel Lucena and José C. Conesa
Photochem 2021, 1(1), 1-9; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem1010001 - 7 Jan 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1952
Abstract
ZnIn2S4 is known to be a visible light-active photocatalyst. In this work, it is shown that by substituting part of the In atoms with vanadium, the visible light range of photocatalytic activity of such material can be extended, using the [...] Read more.
ZnIn2S4 is known to be a visible light-active photocatalyst. In this work, it is shown that by substituting part of the In atoms with vanadium, the visible light range of photocatalytic activity of such material can be extended, using the so-called in-gap band scheme that has been shown to enhance photovoltaic characteristics. Characterization of this material using several techniques, complemented by DFT calculations, will support this statement. While here only the degradation of aqueous HCOOH in well-aerated conditions is discussed, the same material may be used, with an adequate sacrificial reagent, for photocatalytic H2 generation. Full article
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