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Communication

An Exploratory Quantitative Study of Factors Associated with Dissatisfaction with Japanese Healthcare among Highly Skilled Foreign Professionals Living in Japan

1
Health Center, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
2
Department of General Medicine, University of Occupational & Environmental Health, Japan (UOEH), Fukuoka 807-8556, Japan
3
Department of Biomedical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
4
Division of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
BioMed 2022, 2(4), 431-441; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomed2040034
Submission received: 31 August 2022 / Revised: 15 November 2022 / Accepted: 23 November 2022 / Published: 28 November 2022

Abstract

Background: To identify factors necessary for the proper inclusion of foreigners in Japanese healthcare, we conducted a survey to determine whether foreign residents, even those with high socioeconomic status, referred to as “Highly Skilled Foreign Professionals”, experience difficulties when visiting medical institutions in Japan, using satisfaction level as an indicator. Method: A five-point Likert-scale, anonymous, online questionnaire was administered to faculty and doctoral students enrolled at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST). The respondents’ demographics and their opinions on what they found difficult or important during medical examinations, their impression of Japanese medical personnel, their requirements for language support and interpretation, and their opinions about local healthcare delivery systems were collected. The questionnaires were distributed and collected using Microsoft Forms. Results: Responses were obtained from 90 respondents (response rate: 20.7%). The percentage of respondents who were dissatisfied (bottom two of five Likert scales) with medical care in Japan was 23.4%. In univariate logistic regression analysis, 11 of 35 questions were significantly correlated with dissatisfaction with medical care (p < 0.1). Duration of stay, presence of family members living with the patient, satisfaction with life, and perceived usefulness of language support were negatively correlated with dissatisfaction with medical care, while communication problems with medical personnel, need for medical personnel to respect patients’ culture, religion, and privacy, and difficulty in getting to medical facilities were positively correlated with dissatisfaction with medical care. No significant correlations were found with age, gender, or Japanese language level. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of family members living with the subject (AOR = 0.092, p = 0.010), the desire for multilingual documentation (AOR = 0.177, p = 0.046), the physician’s concern for the patient’s culture and religion (AOR = 8.347, p = 0.029), and difficulty in communication with healthcare providers (AOR = 6.54, p = 0.036) were significantly correlated with overall dissatisfaction with medical care. Discussion: On average, the targeted Highly Skilled Foreign Professionals did not have strong levels of dissatisfaction with Japanese healthcare, but when they did have dissatisfaction, it was related to language barriers, lack of cultural and religious considerations, and difficulty in communication with healthcare providers. We believe that the results indicate the focus points of support necessary for the inclusion of foreigners. We also believe that the finding that family cohabitation is associated with satisfaction with medical care is a useful insight into effective reciprocal support on the part of patients.
Keywords: highly skilled foreign professionals; dissatisfaction with Japanese healthcare; language barriers; sociocultural aspects; Okinawa highly skilled foreign professionals; dissatisfaction with Japanese healthcare; language barriers; sociocultural aspects; Okinawa

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mori, T.; Deasy, Y.; Mori, K.; Nakazawa, E.; Akabayashi, A. An Exploratory Quantitative Study of Factors Associated with Dissatisfaction with Japanese Healthcare among Highly Skilled Foreign Professionals Living in Japan. BioMed 2022, 2, 431-441. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomed2040034

AMA Style

Mori T, Deasy Y, Mori K, Nakazawa E, Akabayashi A. An Exploratory Quantitative Study of Factors Associated with Dissatisfaction with Japanese Healthcare among Highly Skilled Foreign Professionals Living in Japan. BioMed. 2022; 2(4):431-441. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomed2040034

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mori, Tomoari, Yoko Deasy, Katsumi Mori, Eisuke Nakazawa, and Akira Akabayashi. 2022. "An Exploratory Quantitative Study of Factors Associated with Dissatisfaction with Japanese Healthcare among Highly Skilled Foreign Professionals Living in Japan" BioMed 2, no. 4: 431-441. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomed2040034

APA Style

Mori, T., Deasy, Y., Mori, K., Nakazawa, E., & Akabayashi, A. (2022). An Exploratory Quantitative Study of Factors Associated with Dissatisfaction with Japanese Healthcare among Highly Skilled Foreign Professionals Living in Japan. BioMed, 2(4), 431-441. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomed2040034

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