Therapeutic Architecture and Temporality: Evidence-Based Design for Long-Stay Facilities for Individuals with Severe Intellectual Disabilities and Challenging Behaviour
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Therapeutic Architecture
1.2. Architectural Temporality
1.3. Time Perception and Temporality in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
1.4. Challenging Behaviour and Housing Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Sample
2.3. Systematic Behavioural Observation
2.4. Structured Interviews
- Do you think that more autonomy in the eight observed and repetitive activities within a day could help the client show less CB?
- In which of the eight observed activities within a day could it be helpful for the development of autonomy …
- (a)
- … having less contact/proximity to the group. Please label the group contact as “stimulating”;
- (b)
- … having more contact/proximity to the group. Please mark the group contact as “stimulating”;
- (c)
- … having less contact/proximity to the caregiver. Please mark the caregiver contact as “calming”;
- (d)
- … having more contact/proximity to the caregiver. Please mark the caregiver contact as “reassuring”.
- What spatial or design interventions could you imagine to be helpful to achieve 2(a)–(d)?
2.5. UV-Index Method
2.6. Focus Groups
3. Results
3.1. Temporality through Spatial Sequencing and Repetition
3.2. Temporality through Privacy-Related Variation of Spatial Dimensions
3.3. Temporality through Spatial Orchestration of Daylight
3.4. Temporality through Spatial Regulation of Emotional Proximity to the Caregiver
3.5. Application of the Four Design Criteria to Architecture: IPSE-Plus Typology
4. Discussion
4.1. Spatial Sequencing and Repetition for Individuals with ID and CB
4.2. Privacy-Related Variation of Spatial Dimensions
4.3. Spatial Orchestration of Daylight
4.4. Spatial Regulation of Emotional Proximity to Caregiver
4.5. The IPSE-Plus Typology
4.6. Study Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Vollmer, T.C.; Koppen, G.; Iovița, C.; Schießl, L. Therapeutic Architecture and Temporality: Evidence-Based Design for Long-Stay Facilities for Individuals with Severe Intellectual Disabilities and Challenging Behaviour. Architecture 2024, 4, 541-570. https://doi.org/10.3390/architecture4030029
Vollmer TC, Koppen G, Iovița C, Schießl L. Therapeutic Architecture and Temporality: Evidence-Based Design for Long-Stay Facilities for Individuals with Severe Intellectual Disabilities and Challenging Behaviour. Architecture. 2024; 4(3):541-570. https://doi.org/10.3390/architecture4030029
Chicago/Turabian StyleVollmer, Tanja C., Gemma Koppen, Claudia Iovița, and Lara Schießl. 2024. "Therapeutic Architecture and Temporality: Evidence-Based Design for Long-Stay Facilities for Individuals with Severe Intellectual Disabilities and Challenging Behaviour" Architecture 4, no. 3: 541-570. https://doi.org/10.3390/architecture4030029