The Effect of a High-Dose Vitamin B Multivitamin Supplement on the Relationship between Brain Metabolism and Blood Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress: A Randomized Control Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedure
2.3. Treatment
2.4. Blood Biomarker Data Collection
2.5. 1H-MRS Biomarker Data Collection
2.6. 1H-MRS Biomarker Data Analysis
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Blood Biomarker Group Differences
3.2. 1H-MRS Metabolite Biomarker Group Differences
3.3. Blood and Metabolite Biomarker Correlations
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Baseline | 6 Months | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active | Placebo | Active | Placebo | ||
Sex | Female | 9 | 11 | 8 | 10 |
Male | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 | |
Total | 15 | 17 | 14 | 14 | |
Age | 30–38 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 |
39–47 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 3 | |
48–56 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | |
57–65 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | |
Total | 15 | 17 | 14 | 14 |
Active Ingredients (per tablet) | Dosage | RDI/AI | |
---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | ||
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) | 75 mg | 6250% | 6818% |
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) | 10 mg | 769% | 909% |
Vitamin B3 (nicotinamide/niacin) | 100 mg | 625% | 714% |
Vitamin B5 | 68.7 mg | 1145% | 1718% |
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) | 25 mg | 1923% * | 1923% * |
1470% # | 1667% # | ||
Vitamin B7 (biotin) | 20 μg | 66.7% | 80% |
Vitamin B9 (folic acid) | 150 μg | 37.5% | 37.5% |
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) | 30 μg | 1250% | 1250% |
Calcium phosphate | 100 mg | 10% | 10% |
Calcium ascorbate | 145 mg | 14.5% | 14.5% * |
11.2% # | |||
Ascorbic acid | 130 mg | 289% | 289% |
Total vitamin C | 250 mg | 556% | 556% |
d-alpha-tocopheryl acid succinate (vitamin E) | 41.3 mg | 413% | 590% |
Magnesium phosphate | 140 mg | 33.3% | 43.8% |
Potassium phosphate monobasic | 117.3 mg | 3.1% | 4.1% |
Choline birartrate | 25 mg | 4.5% | 5.9% |
Lecithin | 50 mg | NR | NR |
Inositol | 25 mg | NR | NR |
Avena sativa (oats) | 100 mg | NR | NR |
Passifloraincarnata (passion flower) | 250 mg | NR | NR |
Baseline | 6 Months | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Active | Placebo | Active | Placebo | |
N | 15 | 15 | 13 | 13 |
SNR | 22.96 (3.68) | 26.38 (3.56) | 24.91 (2.37) | 26.92 (4.29) |
FWHMwater | 8.15 (1.38) | 8.38 (1.35) | 7.84 (0.88) | 7.91 (1.05) |
GM (%) | 73.27 (3.59) | 72.39 (4.35) | 72.36 (3.73) | 71.81 (3.80) |
WM (%) | 22.17 (3.48) | 23.55 (4.89) | 22.83 (3.43) | 23.57 (4.58) |
CSF (%) | 4.56 (1.58) | 4.05 (1.63) | 4.82 (1.82) | 4.63 (1.79) |
Baseline | 6 Months | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active | Placebo | Active | Placebo | ||
Blood | N | 15 | 15 | 14 | 13 |
HCy (μmol/L) | 9.57 ± 0.49 | 8.95 ± 0.51 | 7.98 ± 0.46 * | 10.05 ± 0.54 | |
Vit B6 (nmol/L) | 191.07 ± 68.2 | 124.13 ± 34.6 | 619.79 ± 76.4 * | 82.25 ± 5.6 | |
Vit B12 (pmol/L) | 285.53 ± 21.5 | 296.27 ± 28.4 | 443.50 ± 43.3 * | 275.85 ± 25.8 | |
Folate (nmol/L) | 1265.60 ± 58.8 | 1141.27 ± 57.9 | 1317.07 ± 45.7 | 1242.08 ± 42.9 | |
1H-MRS | N | 14 | 15 | 13 | 13 |
PCC | NAA (IU) | 8.46 ± 0.17 | 8.36 ± 0.20 | 8.85 ± 0.13 | 8.38 ± 0.14 |
Choline (IU) | 1.44 ± 0.05 | 1.38 ± 0.04 | 1.52 ± 0.03 | 1.42 ± 0.04 | |
Creatine (IU) | 7.97 ± 0.19 | 7.74 ± 0.15 | 8.23 ± 0.12 | 7.96 ± 0.13 | |
mI (IU) | 4.95 ± 0.21 | 4.53 ± 0.15 | 4.99 ± 0.13 | 4.73 ± 0.15 | |
Glx (IU) | 13.56 ± 0.70 | 11.44 ± 0.47 | 12.05 ± 0.37 | 11.82 ± 0.64 |
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Ford, T.C.; Downey, L.A.; Simpson, T.; McPhee, G.; Oliver, C.; Stough, C. The Effect of a High-Dose Vitamin B Multivitamin Supplement on the Relationship between Brain Metabolism and Blood Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress: A Randomized Control Trial. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1860. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121860
Ford TC, Downey LA, Simpson T, McPhee G, Oliver C, Stough C. The Effect of a High-Dose Vitamin B Multivitamin Supplement on the Relationship between Brain Metabolism and Blood Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress: A Randomized Control Trial. Nutrients. 2018; 10(12):1860. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121860
Chicago/Turabian StyleFord, Talitha C., Luke A. Downey, Tamara Simpson, Grace McPhee, Chris Oliver, and Con Stough. 2018. "The Effect of a High-Dose Vitamin B Multivitamin Supplement on the Relationship between Brain Metabolism and Blood Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress: A Randomized Control Trial" Nutrients 10, no. 12: 1860. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121860
APA StyleFord, T. C., Downey, L. A., Simpson, T., McPhee, G., Oliver, C., & Stough, C. (2018). The Effect of a High-Dose Vitamin B Multivitamin Supplement on the Relationship between Brain Metabolism and Blood Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress: A Randomized Control Trial. Nutrients, 10(12), 1860. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121860