RETRACTED: Cytoprotective Effect of Benzyl N'-(5-Chloro-indol-3-yl-methylidene)-hydrazinecarbodithioate against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Subacute Toxicity
Animal Groups | Renal Function Test of BClHC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sodium (mmol/L) | Pottasium (mmol/L) | Chloride (mmol/L) | CO2 (mmol/L) | Anion gap (mmol/L) | Urea (mmol/L) | Creatinine (µmol/L) | |
Normal control | 138.34 ± 0.62 | 5.12 ± 0.17 | 103.42 ± 0.76 | 22.70 ± 0.73 | 19.34 ± 0.76 | 5.68 ± 0.36 | 50.78 ± 1.30 |
L. D (2 g/kg) | 138.42 ± 0.74 | 5.25 ± 0.18 | 102.67 ± 1.06 | 20.63 ± 0.69 | 19.67 ± 1.08 | 5.19± 0.34 | 49.12 ± 0.85 |
H. D (5 g/kg) | 138.29 ± 0.67 | 4.94 ± 0.20 | 102.50 ± 0.70 | 22.29 ± 0.72 | 18.58 ± 0.61 | 5.78 ± 0.30 | 49.25 ± 1.39 |
Animal Groups | Liver Function test of BClHC | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total protein (g/L) | Albumin (g/L) | Globulin (g/L) | Total bilirubin (µmol/L) | Conjugated bilirubin (µmol/L) | AP (IU/L) | ALT (IU/L) | AST (IU/L) | G-Glutaml. Transferase (IU/L) | |
Normal control | 70.34 ± 1.25 | 11.58 ± 0.63 | 59.17 ± 1.23 | 2.04 ± 0.20 | 1.25 ± 0.25 | 135.08 ± 9.27 | 53.00 ± 1.97 | 152.31 ± 5.14 | 4.96 ± 0.71 |
L.D (2 g/kg) | 70.25 ± 0.85 | 11.92 ± 0.41 | 58.59 ± 0.51 | 2.21 ± 0.20 | 1.42 ± 0.16 | 134.17 ± 4.77 | 50.92 ± 1.12 | 157.59 ± 2.11 | 4.88 ± 0.85 |
H D (5 g/kg) | 70.42 ± 0.94 | 12.17 ± 0.68 | 58.67 ± 0.85 | 1.82 ± 0.23 | 1.59 ± 0.06 | 135.08 ± 3.86 | 51.84 ± 3.57 | 153.84 ± 6.64 | 5.33 ± 0.71 |
2.2. Gross Evaluation of Gastric Lesions
Group | Pretreatment 5 mL/Kg | Ulcer (mm2) X ± SEM | Inhibition % |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 10% Tween 20 | 922.00 ± 7.63 a | 0.00 |
2 | Omeprazole | 215.00 ± 4.54 b | 76.68% |
3 | 50 mg/Kg | 54.00 ± 3.08 c | 94.14% |
4 | 100 mg/Kg | 38.40 ± 2.400 cd | 95.84% |
5 | 200 mg/Kg | 22.80 ± 2.89 de | 97.53% |
6 | 400 mg/Kg | 12.00 ± 2.400 ef | 98.70% |
2.3. Histological Evaluation of Gastric Lesions
2.4. Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) of Mucosal Glycoprotein’s
3. Experimental
3.1. Omeprazole
3.2. Synthesis of Benzyl N'-(5-Chloro-indol-3-ylmethylidene)hydrazinecarbodithioate
3.3. Experimental Animals
3.4. Subacute Toxicity Studies
3.5. Treatment
3.6. Gross Gastric Lesions Evaluation
3.7. Histological Evaluation of Gastric Lesions
3.8. Study of Mucosal Glycoproteins
3.9. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
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Hashim, H.; Mughrabi, F.F.; Ameen, M.; Khaledi, H.; Ali, H.M. RETRACTED: Cytoprotective Effect of Benzyl N'-(5-Chloro-indol-3-yl-methylidene)-hydrazinecarbodithioate against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats. Molecules 2012, 17, 9306-9320. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17089306
Hashim H, Mughrabi FF, Ameen M, Khaledi H, Ali HM. RETRACTED: Cytoprotective Effect of Benzyl N'-(5-Chloro-indol-3-yl-methylidene)-hydrazinecarbodithioate against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats. Molecules. 2012; 17(8):9306-9320. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17089306
Chicago/Turabian StyleHashim, Harita, Fathi F. Mughrabi, Mahmood Ameen, Hamid Khaledi, and Hapipah M. Ali. 2012. "RETRACTED: Cytoprotective Effect of Benzyl N'-(5-Chloro-indol-3-yl-methylidene)-hydrazinecarbodithioate against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats" Molecules 17, no. 8: 9306-9320. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17089306