Clumps of Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Extracellular Matrix Complexes Generated with Xeno-Free Conditions Facilitate Bone Regeneration via Direct and Indirect Osteogenesis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Generation of 3D-Culture C-MSCs in Xeno-Free Conditions
2.2. Implantation of C-MSCs Generated in Xeno-Free Conditions with No Artificial Scaffold Can Induce Mouse Calvarial Bone Regeneration
2.3. Transplanted Human Donor and Mouse Host Cells Contribute to Bone Reconstruction Induced by Transplantation of C-MSCs
2.4. Transplantation of C-MSCs Induces Bone Regeneration via Direct and Indirect Osteogenesis in a SCID Mouse Calvarial Defect Model
2.5. Transplantation of Decell-C-MSCs Fails to Induce Bone Regeneration
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. C-MSC Preparation and Culture
4.2. Flow Cytometric Analysis of MSC Markers
4.3. Decellularization of C-MSCs
4.4. Histological and Immunofluorescence Analysis of C-MSCs and Decell-C-MSCs
4.5. Surgical Procedures
4.6. Micro-CT Analysis
4.7. Tissue Preparation and Histological Analysis
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Motoike, S.; Kajiya, M.; Komatsu, N.; Horikoshi, S.; Ogawa, T.; Sone, H.; Matsuda, S.; Ouhara, K.; Iwata, T.; Mizuno, N.; et al. Clumps of Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Extracellular Matrix Complexes Generated with Xeno-Free Conditions Facilitate Bone Regeneration via Direct and Indirect Osteogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 3970. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163970
Motoike S, Kajiya M, Komatsu N, Horikoshi S, Ogawa T, Sone H, Matsuda S, Ouhara K, Iwata T, Mizuno N, et al. Clumps of Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Extracellular Matrix Complexes Generated with Xeno-Free Conditions Facilitate Bone Regeneration via Direct and Indirect Osteogenesis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(16):3970. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163970
Chicago/Turabian StyleMotoike, Souta, Mikihito Kajiya, Nao Komatsu, Susumu Horikoshi, Tomoya Ogawa, Hisakatsu Sone, Shinji Matsuda, Kazuhisa Ouhara, Tomoyuki Iwata, Noriyoshi Mizuno, and et al. 2019. "Clumps of Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Extracellular Matrix Complexes Generated with Xeno-Free Conditions Facilitate Bone Regeneration via Direct and Indirect Osteogenesis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 16: 3970. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163970