A Transcriptomic Study of the Tail Fat Deposition in Two Types of Hulun Buir Sheep According to Tail Size and Sex
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Statement
2.2. Sample Collection
2.3. DNA Extraction and Genotype Data
2.4. RNA Isolation and Quality Assessment
2.5. RNA Sequencing and Read Alignment
2.6. Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes
2.7. GO and Gene Function Analyses of Differentially Expressed Genes
2.8. Validation of Gene Expression Using Quantitative Real-Time PCR
2.9. Data Availability
3. Results
3.1. Structure Analysis
3.2. Statistical Analysis of Tail Fat Weights
3.3. Sequencing and Mapping of Sheep Tail Fat Transcriptome
3.4. Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes between the BTH and STH Groups
3.5. Gene Ontology Enrichment and Pathway Analysis between the BTH and STH Groups
3.6. Differentially Expressed Genes Contribute to the Sex Difference in Fat Metabolism
3.7. Gene Ontology Enrichment and Pathway Analysis of Sex Difference in Fat Metabolism
3.8. Validation of RNA-Seq Results by qRT-PCR
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Mauvais-Jarvis, F.; Arnold, A.P.; Reue, K. A Guide for the Design of Pre-clinical Studies on Sex Differences in Metabolism. Cell Metab. 2017, 25, 1216–1230. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Karp, N.A.; Mason, J.; Beaudet, A.L.; Benjamini, Y.; Bower, L.; Braun, R.E.; Brown, S.D.M.; Chesler, E.J.; Dickinson, M.E.; Flenniken, A.M. Prevalence of sexual dimorphism in mammalian phenotypic traits. Nat. Commun. 2017, 8, 15475. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gershoni, M.; Pietrokovski, S. The landscape of sex-differential transcriptome and its consequent selection in human adults. BMC Biol. 2017, 15, 7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Messinger, D.S.; Young, G.S.; Webb, S.J.; Ozonoff, S.; Bryson, S.E.; Carter, A.; Carver, L.; Charman, T.; Chawarska, K.; Curtin, S. Commentary: Sex difference differences? A reply to Constantino. Mol. Autism 2016, 7, 31. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Dong, C.; Della-Morte, D.; Beecham, A.; Wang, L.; Cabral, D.; Blanton, S.H.; Sacco, R.L.; Rundek, T. Genetic variants in LEKR1 and GALNT10 modulate sex-difference in carotid intima-media thickness: A genome-wide interaction study. Atherosclerosis 2015, 240, 462–467. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- China National Commission of Animal Genetic Resources (CNCAGR). Animal Genetic Resources in China Sheep and Goats, 1st ed.; China Agriculture Press: Beijing, China, 2011. (In Chinese) [Google Scholar]
- Shelton, H.M. The Hygienic System: Fasting and Sun Bathing; Shelton Health School: San Antonio, TX, USA, 1950. [Google Scholar]
- Bakhtiarizadeh, M.R.; Moradishahrbabak, M.; Ebrahimie, E. Underlying functional genomics of fat deposition in adipose tissue. Gene 2013, 521, 122–128. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zhi, D.; Da, L.; Liu, M.; Cheng, C.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, X.; Li, X.; Tian, Z.; Yang, Y.; He, T. Whole Genome Sequencing of Hulunbuir Short-Tailed Sheep for Identifying Candidate Genes Related to the Short-Tail Phenotype. G3 (Bethesda) 2018, 8, 377–383. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Zhang, T.; Gao, H.; Sahana, G.; Zan, Y.; Fan, H.; Liu, J.; Shi, L.; Wang, H.; Du, L.; Wang, L.; et al. Genome-wide association studies revealed candidate genes for tail fat deposition and body size in the Hulun Buir sheep. J. Anim. Breed. Genet. 2019, 136, 362–370. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hossein, M.M.; Ardeshir, N.J.; Mohammad, M.S.; Dodds, K.G.; Mcewan, J.C. Genomic scan of selective sweeps in thin and fat tail sheep breeds for identifying of candidate regions associated with fat deposition. BMC Genet. 2012, 13, 1–15. [Google Scholar]
- Abutarboush, H.M.; Dawood, A.A. Cholesterol and fat contents of animal adipose tissues. Food Chem. 1993, 46, 89–93. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mauro, C.; Smith, J.; Cucchi, D.; Coe, D.; Fu, H.; Bonacina, F.; Baragetti, A.; Cermenati, G.; Caruso, D.; Mitro, N. Obesity-Induced Metabolic Stress Leads to Biased Effector Memory CD4+ T Cell Differentiation via PI3K p110δ-Akt-Mediated Signals. Cell Metab. 2017, 25, 593–609. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Beyaz, S.; Mana, M.D.; Roper, J.; Kedrin, D.; Saadatpour, A.; Hong, S.J.; Bauer-Rowe, K.E.; Xifaras, M.E.; Akkad, A.; Arias, E. High-fat diet enhances stemness and tumorigenicity of intestinal progenitors. Nature 2016, 531, 53–58. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Schulz, M.D.; Atay, C.; Heringer, J.; Romrig, F.K.; Schwitalla, S.; Aydin, B.; Ziegler, P.K.; Varga, J.; Reindl, W.; Pommerenke, C. High-fat-diet-mediated dysbiosis promotes intestinal carcinogenesis independently of obesity. Nature 2014, 514, 508–512. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Tersey, S.A.; Maier, B.; Nishiki, Y.; Maganti, A.V.; Nadler, J.L.; Mirmira, R.G. 12-Lipoxygenase Promotes Obesity-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pancreatic Islets. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2014, 34, 3735–3745. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Zhang, Y.; Li, Q.; Rao, E.; Sun, Y.; Grossmann, M.; Morris, R.; Cleary, M.; Li, B. Epidermal Fatty Acid Binding Protein Promotes Skin Inflammation Induced by High-Fat Diet. Immunity 2015, 42, 953–964. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Bhattacharjee, J.; Kirby, M.; Softic, S.; Miles, L.; Salazargonzalez, R.M.; Shivakumar, P.; Kohli, R. Hepatic Natural Killer T-cell and CD8+T-cell Signatures in Mice with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Hepatol. Commun. 2017, 1, 299–310. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wolf, M.J.; Adili, A.; Piotrowitz, K.; Abdullah, Z.; Boege, Y.; Stemmer, K.; Ringelhan, M.; Simonavicius, N.; Egger, M.; Wohlleber, D. Metabolic Activation of Intrahepatic CD8+ T Cells and NKT Cells Causes Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Liver Cancer via Cross-Talk with Hepatocytes. Cancer Cell 2014, 26, 549–564. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Purcell, S.; Neale, B.; Todd-Brown, K.; Thomas, L.; Ferreira, M.A.R.; Bender, D.; Maller, J.; Sklar, P.; Bakker, P.I.W.D.; Daly, M.J. PLINK: A Tool Set for Whole-Genome Association and Population-Based Linkage Analyses. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2007, 81, 559–575. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Langmead, B.; Trapnell, C.; Pop, M.; Salzberg, S.L. Ultrafast and memory-efficient alignment of short DNA sequences to the human genome. Genome Biol. 2009, 10, R25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mortazavi, A.; Williams, B.A.; Mccue, K.; Schaeffer, L.; Wold, B. Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq. Nat. Methods 2008, 5, 621–628. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Trapnell, C.; Williams, B.A.; Pertea, G.; Mortazavi, A.; Kwan, G.; van Baren, M.J.; Salzberg, S.L.; Wold, B.J.; Pachter, L. Transcript assembly and quantification by RNA-Seq reveals unannotated transcripts and isoform switching during cell differentiation. Nat. Biotechnol. 2010, 28, 511–515. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Anders, S.; Huber, W. Differential expression analysis for sequence count data. Genome Biol. 2010, 11, R106. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Rapaport, F.; Khanin, R.; Liang, Y.; Pirun, M.; Krek, A.; Zumbo, P.; Mason, C.E.; Socci, N.D.; Betel, D. Comprehensive evaluation of differential gene expression analysis methods for RNA-seq data. Genome Biol. 2013, 14, 3158. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Young, M.D.; Wakefield, M.J.; Smyth, G.K.; Oshlack, A. Gene ontology analysis for RNA-seq: Accounting for selection bias. Genome Biol. 2010, 11, R14. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Krämer, A.; Green, J.; Pollard, J., Jr.; Tugendreich, S. Causal analysis approaches in ingenuity pathway analysis. Bioinformatics 2013, 30, 523–530. [Google Scholar]
- Peletto, S.; Bertuzzi, S.; Campanella, C.; Modesto, P.; Maniaci, M.G.; Bellino, C.; Ariello, D.; Quasso, A.; Caramelli, M.; Acutis, P.L. Evaluation of Internal Reference Genes for Quantitative Expression Analysis by Real-Time PCR in Ovine Whole Blood. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12, 7732–7747. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Livak, K.J.; Schmittgen, T.D. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods 2001, 25, 402–408. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rosen, E.D.; Macdougald, O.A. Adipocyte differentiation from the inside out. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2006, 7, 885–896. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bengoumi, M.; Faulconnier, Y.; Tabarani, A.; Sghiri, A.; Faye, B.; Chilliard, Y. Effects of feeding level on body weight, hump size, lipid content and adipocyte volume in the dromedary camel. Anim. Res. 2005, 54, 383–393. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Emmanuel, B. Fatty acid synthesis in camel (Camelus dromedarius) hump and sheep (Ovis aries) tail fat. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part B Comp. Biochem. 1981, 68, 551–554. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, B.; Qiao, L.; An, L.; Wang, W.; Liu, J.; Ren, Y.; Pan, Y.; Jing, J.; Liu, W. Transcriptome analysis of adipose tissues from two fat-tailed sheep breeds reveals key genes involved in fat deposition. BMC Genom. 2018, 19, 338. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kang, D.; Zhou, G.; Zhou, S.; Zeng, J.; Wang, X.; Jiang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Chen, Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals potentially novel roles of Homeobox genes in adipose deposition in fat-tailed sheep. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7, 14491. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Miao, X.; Luo, Q.; Qin, X.; Guo, Y.; Zhao, H. Genome-wide mRNA-seq profiling reveals predominant down-regulation of lipid metabolic processes in adipose tissues of Small Tail Han than Dorset sheep. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2015, 467, 413–420. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sun, L.; Man, B.; Xiang, L.; Zhang, G.; Wei, M.; Jiang, H. Comparative transcriptome profiling of longissimus muscle tissues from Qianhua Mutton Merino and Small Tail Han sheep. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 33586. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Chen, H.Y.; Shen, H.; Jia, B.; Zhang, Y.S.; Wang, X.H.; Zeng, X.C. Differential Gene Expression in Ovaries of Qira Black Sheep and Hetian Sheep Using RNA-Seq Technique. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0120170. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Suárezvega, A.; Gutiérrezgil, B.; Klopp, C.; Robertgranie, C.; Tosserklopp, G.; Arranz, J.J. Characterization and Comparative Analysis of the Milk Transcriptome in Two Dairy Sheep Breeds using RNA Sequencing. Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 18399. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Chao, T.; Wang, G.; Ji, Z.; Liu, Z.; Hou, L.; Wang, J.; Wang, J. Transcriptome Analysis of Three Sheep Intestinal Regions reveals Key Pathways and Hub Regulatory Genes of Large Intestinal Lipid Metabolism. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7, 5345. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Huang, W.; Guo, Y.; Du, W.; Zhang, X.; Li, A.; Miao, X. Global transcriptome analysis identifies differentially expressed genes related to lipid metabolism in Wagyu and Holstein cattle. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7, 5278. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Kang, H.J.; Trang, N.H.; Baik, M. Effects of dietary restriction on the expression of lipid metabolism and growth hormone signaling genes in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Korean cattle steers. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 2015, 28, 1187–1193. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sztalryd, C.; Xu, G.; Dorward, H.; Tansey, J.; Contreras, J.; Kimmel, A.; Londos, C. Perilipin A is essential for the translocation of hormone-sensitive lipase during lipolytic activation. J. Cell Biol. 2003, 161, 1093–1103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Castro-Carrera, T.; Frutos, P.; Leroux, C.; Chilliard, Y.; Hervas, G.; Belenguer, A.; Bernard, L.; Toral, P. Dietary sunflower oil modulates milk fatty acid composition without major changes in adipose and mammary tissue fatty acid profile or related gene mRNA abundance in sheep. Animal 2015, 9, 582–591. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Moioli, B.; Scata, M.C.; Matteis, G.D.; Annicchiarico, G.; Catillo, G.; Napolitano, F. The ACACA gene is a potential candidate gene for fat content in sheep milk. Anim. Genet. 2013, 44, 601–603. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lan, J.; Lei, M.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, J.; Feng, X.; Xu, D.; Gui, J.; Xiong, Y. Characterization of the porcine differentially expressed PDK4 gene and association with meat quality. Mol. Biol. Rep. 2009, 36, 2003–2010. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ethun, K. Chapter 9—Sex and Gender Differences in Body Composition, Lipid Metabolism, and Glucose Regulation. Sex Differ. Physiol. 2016, 145–165. [Google Scholar]
- Seidell, J.C.; Cigolini, M.; Charzewska, J.; Ellsinger, B.M.; Björntorp, P.; Hautvast, J.G.; Szostak, W. Fat distribution and gender differences in serum lipids in men and women from four European communities. Atherosclerosis 1991, 87, 203–210. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Blaak, E. Gender differences in fat metabolism. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 2001, 4, 499–502. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Power, M.L.; Schulkin, J. Sex differences in fat storage, fat metabolism, and the health risks from obesity: Possible evolutionary origins. Br. J. Nutr. 2008, 99, 931–940. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Vettor, R.; De, P.G.; Pagano, C.; Englaro, P.; Laudadio, E.; Giorgino, F.; Blum, W.F.; Giorgino, R.; Federspil, G. Gender differences in serum leptin in obese people: Relationships with testosterone, body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity. Eur. J. Clin. Investig. 1997, 27, 1016–1024. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Couillard, C.; Mauriège, P.; Prud’Homme, D.; Nadeau, A.; Tremblay, A.; Bouchard, C.; Després, J.P. Plasma leptin concentrations: Gender differences and associations with metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Diabetologia 1997, 40, 1178–1184. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kosters, A.; Sun, D.; Wu, H.; Tian, F.; Felix, J.C.; Li, W.; Karpen, S.J. Sexually dimorphic genome-wide binding of retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα) determines male-female differences in the expression of hepatic lipid processing genes in mice. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e71538. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yasmeen, R.; Reichert, B.; Deiuliis, J.; Yang, F.; Lynch, A.; Meyers, J.; Sharlach, M.; Shin, S.; Volz, K.S. Green KB. Autocrine function of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 as a determinant of diet- and sex-specific differences in visceral adiposity. Diabetes 2013, 62, 124–136. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Connallon, T. The geography of sex-specific selection, local adaptation, and sexual dimorphism. Evolution 2015, 69, 2333–2344. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Binnert, C.; Koistinen, H.A.; Martin, G.; Andreelli, F.; Ebeling, P.; Koivisto, V.A.; Laville, M.; Auwerx, J.; Vidal, H. Fatty acid transport protein-1 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle and in adipose tissue in humans. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010, 279, E1072–E1079. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Varlamov, O.; Bethea, C.L.; Roberts, C.T., Jr. Sex-Specific Differences in Lipid and Glucose Metabolism. Front. Endocrinol. 2015, 5, 241. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Corsetti, J.P.; Sparks, J.D.; Peterson, R.G.; Smith, R.L.; Sparks, C.E. Effect of dietary fat on the development of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in obese Zucker diabetic fatty male and female rats. Atherosclerosis 2000, 148, 231–241. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dakin, R.S.; Walker, B.R.; Seckl, J.R.; Hadoke, P.W.; Drake, A.J. Estrogens protect male mice from obesity complications and influence glucocorticoid metabolism. Int. J. Obes. 2015, 39, 1539–1547. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Roemmich, J.N.; Clark, P.A.; Berr, S.S.; Mai, V.; Mantzoros, C.S.; Flier, J.S.; Weltman, A.; Rogol, A.D. Gender differences in leptin levels during puberty are related to the subcutaneous fat depot and sex steroids. Am. J. Physiol. 1998, 275, 543–551. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sodhi, S.S.; Park, W.C.; Ghosh, M.; Jin, N.K.; Sharma, N.; Shin, K.Y.; Cho, I.C.; Ryu, Y.C.; Oh, S.J.; Kim, S.H. Comparative transcriptomic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes in fat tissue of adult Berkshire and Jeju Native Pig using RNA-seq. Mol. Biol. Rep. 2014, 41, 6305–6315. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Decsi, T.; Kennedy, K. Sex-specific differences in essential fatty acid metabolism. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2011, 94, 1914S. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- AlShabibi, M.M.A.; Juma, K.H. Fatty acid composition of tail, subcutaneous and kidney fats of fat-tailed Awassi sheep. J. Agric. Sci. 1973, 80, 255–257. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Evans, R.M.; Barish, G.D.; Yong-Xu Wang, G.D. PPARs and the complex journey to obesity. Nat. Med. 2004, 10, 355–361. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ahmadian, M.; Suh, J.M.; Hah, N.; Liddle, C.; Atkins, A.R.; Downes, M.; Evans, R.M. PPARγ signaling and metabolism: The good, the bad and the future. Nat. Med. 2013, 19, 557–566. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Breed | Sex | Overall | |
---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | ||
Big-tailed Hulun Buir sheep | 1.357 ± 0.572 | 1.630 ± 0.803 | 1.493 ± 0.641 |
Small-tailed Hulun Buir sheep | 0.316 ± 0.057 | 0.515 ± 0.157 | 0.4153 ± 0.152 |
Mapping Summary | Big-Tailed Sheep | Small-Tailed Sheep | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Male | Female | |||||||||
Sheep1 | Sheep2 | Sheep3 | Sheep4 | Sheep5 | Sheep6 | Sheep7 | Sheep8 | Sheep9 | Sheep10 | Sheep11 | Sheep12 | |
Cleanbases (G) | 5.88 | 7.06 | 4.48 | 4.80 | 4.42 | 5.20 | 5.36 | 5.26 | 5.32 | 6.06 | 6.16 | 5.98 |
Q20 (%) | 95.00 | 96.25 | 96.34 | 95.87 | 95.78 | 96.21 | 96.01 | 96.55 | 96.18 | 95.45 | 95.57 | 92.82 |
Q30 (%) | 87.90 | 89.88 | 89.96 | 89.95 | 90.01 | 89.83 | 89.12 | 90.51 | 89.55 | 89.09 | 89.37 | 84.11 |
GC content (%) | 49.91 | 49.57 | 49.51 | 47.74 | 45.80 | 47.68 | 48.81 | 47.31 | 48.27 | 48.75 | 48.38 | 48.50 |
Error rate (%) | 0.62 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.515 | 0.53 | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.425 | 0.475 | 0.555 | 0.545 | 0.91 |
Mapping rate (%) | 76.10 | 83.00 | 83.10 | 84.60 | 82.50 | 84.50 | 84.10 | 85.60 | 84.50 | 84.00 | 84.30 | 78.20 |
Method | Group | Cutoff | DEGs |
---|---|---|---|
cuffdiff | BTH vs. STH | q < 0.05 | 651 |
cuffdiff | MBT vs. MST | q < 0.05 | 7856 |
cuffdiff | FBT vs. FST | q < 0.05 | 3835 |
cuffdiff | MBT vs. FBT | q < 0.05 | 199 |
cuffdiff | MST vs. FST | q < 0.05 | 491 |
Deseq | BTH vs. STH | p < 0.05 | 1849 |
Deseq | MBT vs. MST | p < 0.05 | 1117 |
Deseq | FBT vs. FST | p < 0.05 | 799 |
Deseq | MBT vs. FBT | p < 0.05 | 373 |
Deseq | MST vs. FST | p < 0.05 | 164 |
two method overlap | BTH vs. STH | 373 | |
two method overlap | MBT vs. MST | 775 | |
two method overlap | FBT vs. FST | 578 | |
two method overlap | MBT vs. FBT | 47 | |
two method overlap | MST vs. FST | 109 |
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Fan, H.; Hou, Y.; Sahana, G.; Gao, H.; Zhu, C.; Du, L.; Zhao, F.; Wang, L. A Transcriptomic Study of the Tail Fat Deposition in Two Types of Hulun Buir Sheep According to Tail Size and Sex. Animals 2019, 9, 655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9090655
Fan H, Hou Y, Sahana G, Gao H, Zhu C, Du L, Zhao F, Wang L. A Transcriptomic Study of the Tail Fat Deposition in Two Types of Hulun Buir Sheep According to Tail Size and Sex. Animals. 2019; 9(9):655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9090655
Chicago/Turabian StyleFan, Hongying, Yali Hou, Goutam Sahana, Hongding Gao, Caiye Zhu, Lixin Du, Fuping Zhao, and Lixian Wang. 2019. "A Transcriptomic Study of the Tail Fat Deposition in Two Types of Hulun Buir Sheep According to Tail Size and Sex" Animals 9, no. 9: 655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9090655