COVID-19 and Parkinson’s Disease: Shared Inflammatory Pathways Under Oxidative Stress †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Bioinformatics Analysis: SARS-CoV-2 Infection
2.2. Laboratory-Based Analyses: Antibodies and Inhibitors
2.2.1. Primary Antibodies
2.2.2. Secondary Antibodies
2.2.3. Inhibitors
2.3. Cell Culture
2.4. Immunocytochemistry
2.5. Western Blot Analysis
2.6. MTT Assay
2.7. TUNEL Assay
2.8. Detection and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Pro-Apoptotic Responses
3.2. 6OHDA-Induced Toxicity Amplifies Activation of NFκB in dDCNs
3.3. Increased Expression of Caspases in p65-NFκB Expressed dDCNs Following 6OHDA-Induced Stress
3.4. IKK Suppressed Activation of p65-NFκB in 6OHDA-Treated dDCNs
3.5. OHDA Provokes Apoptotic Death in dDCNs
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primary Antibody | Secondary Antibody |
---|---|
anti-NFκB-p65 (1:5000) | donkey anti-mouse IgG-HRP (1:6000) |
anti-caspase-2 antibody (1:2500) | goat anti-rabbit IgG-HRP (1:1000) |
anti-caspase-8 antibody (1:1000) | goat anti-rabbit IgG-HRP (1:1000) |
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Chaudhry, Z.L.; Klenja, D.; Janjua, N.; Cami-Kobeci, G.; Ahmed, B.Y. COVID-19 and Parkinson’s Disease: Shared Inflammatory Pathways Under Oxidative Stress. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 807. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110807
Chaudhry ZL, Klenja D, Janjua N, Cami-Kobeci G, Ahmed BY. COVID-19 and Parkinson’s Disease: Shared Inflammatory Pathways Under Oxidative Stress. Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(11):807. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110807
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaudhry, Zahara L., Donika Klenja, Najma Janjua, Gerta Cami-Kobeci, and Bushra Y. Ahmed. 2020. "COVID-19 and Parkinson’s Disease: Shared Inflammatory Pathways Under Oxidative Stress" Brain Sciences 10, no. 11: 807. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110807