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C
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Functionalized Nanodiamond: Properties, Characterization and Applications
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Functionalized Nanodiamond: Properties, Characterization and Applications

A special issue of C (ISSN 2311-5629). This special issue belongs to the section "Carbon Materials and Carbon Allotropes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2019) | Viewed by 13170

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Tristan Petit

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialen und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
Interests: nanoparticles; spectroscopy; nanodiamond; carbon dots; 2D nanomaterials; carbon nanomaterials for energy application; surface chemistry; solvation and intercalation processes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanodiamonds are exciting materials that have gained attention over the last few years thanks to their unique core properties combined with a highly reactive surface. The nanodiamond surface can be functionalized with different heteroatoms to change their electronic and chemical properties, which can be used to control their colloidal, luminescent or catalytic properties, for example. Larger molecules and polymer can also be adsorbed or chemisorbed on the nanodiamond surface, leading to functionalized nanodiamonds with enhanced properties having applications in many fields, such as targeted drug delivery, imaging, sensing, tribology, and energy conversion. A better understanding of the impact of surface chemistry on nanodiamonds’ properties and the development of new functionalization approaches may open further perspectives for nanodiamonds.

In this Special Issue of C—Journal of Carbon Research, we invite authors to submit original communications, articles, and reviews related to the characterization and applications of functionalized nanodiamonds.

Dr. Tristan Petit
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. C is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nanodiamond
  • Surface chemistry
  • Colloidal properties
  • Fluorescent properties
  • Colored centers
  • Drug delivery
  • Catalysis
  • Tribology
  • Energy conversion

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 3953 KiB  
Article
Plasma Treatments and Light Extraction from Fluorinated CVD-Grown (400) Single Crystal Diamond Nanopillars
by Mariusz Radtke, Abdallah Slablab, Sandra Van Vlierberghe, Chao-Nan Lin, Ying-Jie Lu and Chong-Xin Shan
C 2020, 6(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/c6020037 - 3 Jun 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5105 | Correction
Abstract
We investigate the possibilities to realize light extraction from single crystal diamond (SCD) nanopillars. This was achieved by dedicated 519 nm laser-induced spin-state initiation of negatively charged nitrogen vacancies (NV−). We focus on the naturally-generated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [...] Read more.
We investigate the possibilities to realize light extraction from single crystal diamond (SCD) nanopillars. This was achieved by dedicated 519 nm laser-induced spin-state initiation of negatively charged nitrogen vacancies (NV−). We focus on the naturally-generated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of NV−. Applied diamond was neither implanted with 14N+, nor was the CVD synthesized SCD annealed. To investigate the possibility of light extraction by the utilization of NV−’s bright photoluminescence at room temperature and ambient conditions with the waveguiding effect, we have performed a top-down nanofabrication of SCD by electron beam lithography (EBL) and dry inductively-coupled plasma/reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) to generate light focusing nanopillars. In addition, we have fluorinated the diamond’s surface by dedicated 0 V SF6 ICP plasma. Light extraction and spin manipulations were performed with photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) at room temperature. We have observed a remarkable effect based on the selective 0 V SF6 plasma etching and surprisingly, in contrast to literature findings, deactivation of NV− centers. We discuss the possible deactivation mechanism in detail. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functionalized Nanodiamond: Properties, Characterization and Applications)
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15 pages, 5207 KiB  
Article
Fluorescence and Physico-Chemical Properties of Hydrogenated Detonation Nanodiamonds
by Giannis Thalassinos, Alastair Stacey, Nikolai Dontschuk, Billy J. Murdoch, Edwin Mayes, Hugues A. Girard, Ibrahim M. Abdullahi, Lars Thomsen, Anton Tadich, Jean-Charles Arnault, Vadym N. Mochalin, Brant C. Gibson and Philipp Reineck
C 2020, 6(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/c6010007 - 7 Feb 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4017
Abstract
Hydrogenated detonation nanodiamonds are of great interest for emerging applications in areas from biology and medicine to lubrication. Here, we compare the two main hydrogenation techniques—annealing in hydrogen and plasma-assisted hydrogenation—for the creation of detonation nanodiamonds with a hydrogen terminated surface from the [...] Read more.
Hydrogenated detonation nanodiamonds are of great interest for emerging applications in areas from biology and medicine to lubrication. Here, we compare the two main hydrogenation techniques—annealing in hydrogen and plasma-assisted hydrogenation—for the creation of detonation nanodiamonds with a hydrogen terminated surface from the same starting material. Synchrotron-based soft X-ray spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy were employed to quantify diamond and non-diamond carbon contents and determine the surface chemistries of all samples. Dynamic light scattering was used to study the particles’ colloidal properties in water. For the first time, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy analysis at temperatures from room temperature down to 10 K was performed to investigate the particles’ fluorescence properties. Our results show that both hydrogenation techniques produce hydrogenated detonation nanodiamonds with overall similar physico-chemical and fluorescence properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functionalized Nanodiamond: Properties, Characterization and Applications)
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Review

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24 pages, 3307 KiB  
Review
The Combined Influence of Dopant Species and Surface Termination on the Electronic Properties of Diamond Surfaces
by Karin Larsson
C 2020, 6(2), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/c6020022 - 15 Apr 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3710
Abstract
The combined effects of geometrical structure and chemical composition on the diamond surface electronic structures have been investigated in the present study by using high-level theoretical calculations. The effects of diamond surface planes [(111) vs. (100)], surface terminations (H, F, OH, Oontop [...] Read more.
The combined effects of geometrical structure and chemical composition on the diamond surface electronic structures have been investigated in the present study by using high-level theoretical calculations. The effects of diamond surface planes [(111) vs. (100)], surface terminations (H, F, OH, Oontop, Obridge, vs. NH2), and substitutional doping (B, N vs. P), were of the largest interest to study. As a measure of different electronic structures, the bandgaps, work functions, and electron affinities have been used. In addition to the effects by the doping elements, the different diamond surface planes [(111) vs. (100)] were also observed to cause large differences in the electronic structures. With few exceptions, this was also the case for the surface termination species. For example, Oontop-termination was found to induce surface electron conductivities for all systems in the present study (except for a non-doped (100) surface). The other types of surface terminating species induced a reduction in bandgap values. The calculated bandgap ranges for the (111) surface were 3.4–5.7 (non-doping), and 0.9–5.3 (B-doping). For the (100) surface, the ranges were 0.9–5.3 (undoping) and 3.2–4.3 (B-doping). For almost all systems in the present investigation, it was found that photo-induced electron emission cannot take place. The only exception is the non-doped NH2-terminated diamond (111) surface, for which a direct photo-induced electron emission is possible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functionalized Nanodiamond: Properties, Characterization and Applications)
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