Carbon Nanostructures: From Quantum Calculations to Molecular Dynamics Simulations

A special issue of C (ISSN 2311-5629).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2020) | Viewed by 4550

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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Chimica,Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123, Perugia, Italy
Interests: quantum calculation for the astrochemistry reactions like neutral–neutral or ion–neutral reactions in the gas phase, involving interstellar molecules; design of chemical technologies; realization of new molecular applications—molecular dynamics simulations; development of theoretical–computational methodologies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A range of porous materials, such as nanoporous carbons, zeolites, and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), porous polymer networks (PPNs) or also known as covalent organic frameworks/polymers (COFs/COPs), and a slurry made of solid adsorbents in a liquid absorbent have been exploited and reported for gases capture in the past few years. An alternative to porous adsorbing materials is a nanoporous membrane that uses a combination of surface adsorption and its intrinsic pores, acting as molecular sieving to separate gaseous mixtures. Graphynes are porous derivatives of graphene that can be considered as ideal 2D nanofilters. However, due to the vast number of theoretically applicable materials, in practice, it is very difficult or even an impossible task to experimentally synthesize, characterize, and evaluate their performance for all possible materials. Up to this state, computer modelling (ab initio and classical) and simulations play an important role in the material design and development, prior to the experimental stage. In the last years, various force fields have specifically been developed for evaluating gaseous adsorption in porous carbons, graphene and its derivatives, MOFs, zeolites, and other polymeric materials to quantitatively describe molecular interactions, providing realistic predictions of relevant adsorption dynamics and transport properties of gases under consideration.

Dr. Noelia Faginas Lago
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • carbon nanostructures
  • semi-empirical potentials
  • quantum/ab initio calculations
  • molecular dynamics simulations
  • gas adsorption

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

14 pages, 2235 KiB  
Review
Explaining Bamboo-Like Carbon Fiber Growth Mechanism: Catalyst Shape Adjustments above Tammann Temperature
by Luís Sousa Lobo and Sónia A.C. Carabineiro
C 2020, 6(2), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/c6020018 - 30 Mar 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4206
Abstract
The mechanism of bamboo-like growth behavior of carbon fibers is discussed. We propose that there is a requirement to have this type of growth: operation above the Tammann temperature of the catalyst (defined as half of the melting point). The metal nanoparticle shape [...] Read more.
The mechanism of bamboo-like growth behavior of carbon fibers is discussed. We propose that there is a requirement to have this type of growth: operation above the Tammann temperature of the catalyst (defined as half of the melting point). The metal nanoparticle shape can then change during reaction (sintering-like behavior) facilitating carbon nanotube (CNT) growth, adjusting geometry. Using metal nanoparticles with a diameter below 20 nm, some reduction of the melting point (mp) and Tammann temperature (TTa) is observed. Fick’s laws still apply at nano scale. In that range, distances are short and so bulk diffusion of carbon (C) atoms through metal nanoparticles is quick. Growth occurs under catalytic and hybrid carbon formation routes. Better knowledge of the mechanism is an important basis to optimize growth rates and the shape of bamboo-like C fibers. Bamboo-like growth, occurring under pyrolytic carbon formation, is excluded: the nano-catalyst surface in contact with the gas gets quickly “poisoned”, covered by graphene layers. The bamboo-like growth of boron nitride (BN) nanotubes is also briefly discussed. Full article
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