Infectious Disease Epidemiology in Children: Latest Developments and Treatments

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 February 2025 | Viewed by 458

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
Interests: vaginal; cesarean section; African American women; infant mortality; race/ethnicity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor Assistant
Global Health Equity Foundation, Bear, DE, USA
Interests: infectious diseases; pediatric chronic diseases; maternal and child health; health disparities; translational research; pediatric metabolic syndrome

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent research has highlighted the potential role of infectious pathogens in the development of chronic diseases and malignant neoplasms in children. This Special Issue aims to explore the complex relationships between infectious agents and pediatric cancers, with a particular focus on ependymoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We will examine how the misclassification of pathogens and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents may contribute to the burden of pediatric cancers. By advancing our understanding of these connections, we hope to facilitate more effective strategies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric malignancies associated with infectious diseases.

Therefore, applying research findings in pediatric infectious diseases to cancer prevention and treatment strategies may help reduce the incidence and mortality of pediatric infectious diseases and associated malignancies at both national and global scales.

Prof. Dr. Laurens Holmes
Guest Editor

Dr. Michael Enwere
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pediatric cancer
  • infectious pathogens
  • malignant neoplasms
  • ependymoma
  • acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  • pathogen misclassification
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • cancer prevention

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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6 pages, 220 KiB  
Brief Report
Clinical Utility of a Multiplex PCR Panel (BioFire Joint Infection®) in the Adjustment of Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy: Experience in Pediatric Osteoarticular Infections
by Clara Udaondo, Rosa María Alcobendas Rueda, Blanca Diaz-Delgado, Agustin Remesal, Inmaculada Quiles-Melero and Cristina Calvo
Children 2024, 11(10), 1236; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101236 - 14 Oct 2024
Viewed by 315
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the impact of the PCR multiplex panel (BioFire JI®) on the diagnosis and management of pediatric osteoarticular infections. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from pediatric patients diagnosed with osteoarticular infections between January 2023 and [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the impact of the PCR multiplex panel (BioFire JI®) on the diagnosis and management of pediatric osteoarticular infections. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from pediatric patients diagnosed with osteoarticular infections between January 2023 and April 2024. The effectiveness of the PCR multiplex panel in identifying pathogens was compared with traditional culture methods. Results: In total, 50 patients were identified (66.6% male, 74% under 3 years of age). They were diagnosed as follows: septic arthritis in 46%, osteomyelitis in 26%, and septic osteoarthritis in 22%. An identifiable agent was isolated by conventional culture in 22 cases (44%). Kingella kingae was the predominant pathogen identified, accounting for 50% of cases (11/22), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (9/22). The BioFire JI® Panel PCR demonstrated a sensitivity of 93%, with a specificity of 63% when evaluated against synovial fluid culture as the reference standard. The panel identified seven additional pathogens not detected by conventional culture methods: 2/9 MSSA (22%), 1/1 S. pyogenes (100%), and 4/11 K. kingae (37%), increasing the yield by 14%. The rapid identification of pathogens facilitated timely and targeted therapeutic interventions. Conclusions: The PCR multiplex panel (BioFire JI®) improved the diagnosis of pediatric osteoarticular infections. Full article
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