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Children
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Nutrition, Gut Microbiota and Pediatric Health
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Nutrition, Gut Microbiota and Pediatric Health

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Pediatric Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2023) | Viewed by 7231

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jing Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Interests: molecular biology and microbiology; bacteria-host interaction; human gut microbiome

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The human gut is home to trillions of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a crucial role in maintaining overall health. Recent research has unveiled the pivotal influence of the gut microbiota on various aspects of pediatric health, including digestion, immune function, metabolism, and even cognitive development.

Nutrition, as a key modulator of the gut microbiota, has a profound impact on the establishment and composition of this complex microbial community. The dietary choices made during infancy and childhood have long-lasting effects on the gut microbiota composition and function, which, in turn, can shape a child's health trajectory.

This Special Issue invites researchers and experts to contribute their insights into the interplay between nutrition, gut microbiota, and pediatric health. We encourage submissions that delve into topics such as the role of specific nutrients, the impact of early life dietary interventions, and the association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and pediatric diseases.

By shedding light on the intricate connections between nutrition, gut microbiota, and pediatric health, this Special Issue aims to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms involved and provide valuable insights for the development of evidence-based interventions and strategies to optimize child health outcomes.

Join us as we explore the fascinating world of nutrition, gut microbiota, and pediatric health in this interdisciplinary exploration of cutting-edge research.

Dr. Jing Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diet
  • nutrients
  • dietary interventions
  • gut microbiota
  • microbial composition and function
  • pediatric health and disease

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 660 KiB  
Article
Effect of Gut Microbiota-Directed Complementary Food Supplementation on Fecal and Plasma Biomarkers of Gut Health and Environmental Enteric Dysfunction in Slum-Dwelling Children with Moderate Acute Malnutrition
by Ishita Mostafa, Rahvia Alam Sthity, Umme Habiba Lamiya, Md. Tariqujjaman, Mustafa Mahfuz, S. M. Tafsir Hasan and Tahmeed Ahmed
Children 2024, 11(1), 69; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11010069 - 6 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1596
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with a gut microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF-2) significantly improved weight gain and repaired gut microbiota, as reported in a recent randomized controlled trial on Bangladeshi children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is a small bowel disorder, and [...] Read more.
Dietary supplementation with a gut microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF-2) significantly improved weight gain and repaired gut microbiota, as reported in a recent randomized controlled trial on Bangladeshi children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is a small bowel disorder, and recent evidence shows that it is linked to growth failure in children. Therefore, we intended to investigate whether supplementation with MDCF-2 has any role in modifying gut health by changing the levels of biomarkers of EED and gut inflammation in children with MAM. We randomly assigned 124 children aged 12–18 months to one of two intervention diets, either MDCF-2 or ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF). Approximately 50 g of the diet was administered in two feeding sessions daily for 12 weeks. Stool and plasma biomarkers were assessed to evaluate intestinal health. Results showed that the average change in citrulline concentration (µmol/L) significantly increased among children who consumed MDCF-2 compared to those who consumed RUSF (mean difference-in-differences: 123.10; 95% CI: 3.60, 242.61; p = 0.044). The research findings demonstrated that MDCF-2 might have a beneficial effect on improving the gastrointestinal health of malnourished children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Gut Microbiota and Pediatric Health)
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Review

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21 pages, 338 KiB  
Review
Biotics and Children’s and Adolescents’ Health: A Narrative Review
by Evangelia Xenopoulou, Ioanna Kontele, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Maria G. Grammatikopoulou, Milia Tzoutzou, Konstantinos Kotrokois, Artemis Κ. Tsitsika and Tonia Vassilakou
Children 2024, 11(3), 329; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030329 - 9 Mar 2024
Viewed by 3855
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the association of gut microbiota with health conditions and the potentially beneficial role of several types of biotics in several population groups, including children and adolescents. Children and adolescents comprise a unique population group due [...] Read more.
Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the association of gut microbiota with health conditions and the potentially beneficial role of several types of biotics in several population groups, including children and adolescents. Children and adolescents comprise a unique population group due their rapid growth rates, high nutritional requirements, the immaturity of their immune system in early life, and their susceptibility to infectious diseases. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role and limitations of the administration of biotics in specific conditions affecting children and adolescents. A narrative review of related articles published on PubMed up to October 2023 was conducted. The administration of biotics has been evaluated in several health conditions among children and adolescents, such as the treatment and prevention of infectious diarrhea, the prevention of diarrhea after the use of antibiotics, the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis, the treatment of functional gastrointestinal diseases, such as infant colic, functional abdominal pain, and irritable bowel syndrome, the eradication of H. pylori, the treatment of ulcerative colitis and pouchitis, and the prevention of atopic dermatitis, and the findings indicate improved symptoms and various beneficial health outcomes. However, some limitations have been identified regarding probiotics’ use. In conclusion, biotics may have a beneficial impact in several health conditions among children and adolescents. There is a need for additional randomized, controlled clinical studies on the effects of the administration of biotics in children and particularly in adolescents and young adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Gut Microbiota and Pediatric Health)
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Other

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12 pages, 3844 KiB  
Brief Report
Early Gut Microbiota Profile in Healthy Neonates: Microbiome Analysis of the First-Pass Meconium Using Next-Generation Sequencing Technology
by Yi-Sheng Chang, Chang-Wei Li, Ling Chen, Xing-An Wang, Maw-Sheng Lee and Yu-Hua Chao
Children 2023, 10(7), 1260; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10071260 - 22 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1431
Abstract
Gut microbiome development during early life has significant long-term effects on health later in life. The first-pass meconium is not sterile, and it is important to know the initial founder of the subsequent gut microbiome. However, there is limited data on the microbiota [...] Read more.
Gut microbiome development during early life has significant long-term effects on health later in life. The first-pass meconium is not sterile, and it is important to know the initial founder of the subsequent gut microbiome. However, there is limited data on the microbiota profile of the first-pass meconium in healthy neonates. To determine the early gut microbiota profile, we analyzed 39 samples of the first-pass meconium from healthy neonates using 16S rRNA sequencing. Our results showed a similar profile of the microbiota composition in the first-pass meconium samples. Pseudomonas was the most abundant genus in most samples. The evenness of the microbial communities in the first-pass meconium was extremely poor, and the average Shannon diversity index was 1.31. An analysis of the relationship between perinatal characteristics and the meconium microbiome revealed that primigravidae babies had a significantly higher Shannon diversity index (p = 0.041), and the Bacteroidales order was a biomarker for the first-pass meconium of these neonates. The Shannon diversity index was not affected by the mode of delivery, maternal intrapartum antibiotic treatment, prolonged rupture of membranes, or birth weight. Our study extends previous research with further characterization of the gut microbiome in very early life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Gut Microbiota and Pediatric Health)
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