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Children
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Foot Deformities in Children
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Foot Deformities in Children

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Orthopedics & Sports Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 October 2023) | Viewed by 5555

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Adhiambo M. Witlox

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
Interests: growth deformities; foot deformities; DDH; cerebral palsy; gait analysis; organisation of healthcare

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Foot deformities in children require the explicit attention of healthcare workers. Foot deformities do not only require specialized attention in syndromatic patients, but also have an impact on the well-being of typically developed children. Fortunately, this is reflected in the rising amount of publications on this topic in peer-reviewed journals from 2005 to 2022, increasing from 3758 to 6379. Awareness around foot deformities plays an important role in the functioning of children with this condition. Gait assessments in typically developed children as well as children with, for example, cerebral palsy, have accentuated the importance of a well-functioning foot. However, there are still battles to win. Exact definitions with regard to foot deformities still remain a matter of debate. An international consensus regarding this would improve the field enormously. In addition, working together in conservative management and surgical management would improve the care of patients with foot deformities tremendously. The role of surgical correction is becoming increasingly defined, and should be taken into account when conservative management fails. A focus on improving functioning and addressing growth disturbances should be our first goal, and specialists of different areas should work together to achieve this. Only in this way can the treatment of children with foot deformities improve. I am sure this Special Issue will contribute to the knowledge and special care of children with foot deformities.

Dr. Adhiambo M. Witlox
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • foot deformities in children
  • gait analysis
  • conservative treatment of foot deformities
  • surgical treatment of foot deformities
  • growth disturbances in foot and lower limb
  • foot deformity definitions
  • syndromatic foot deformities

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2457 KiB  
Article
The Incidence of Clubfoot in the Czech Republic: A Nationwide Epidemiological Study from 2000 to 2014
by Klára Janatová, Tereza Nováková and František Lopot
Children 2023, 10(4), 714; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10040714 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1511
Abstract
Clubfoot is one of the most common musculoskeletal birth deformities worldwide. The prevalence varies among individual countries and populations. There is a lack of nationwide incidence studies in Central Europe. We analyzed the incidence of clubfoot in the Czech Republic over 14 years. [...] Read more.
Clubfoot is one of the most common musculoskeletal birth deformities worldwide. The prevalence varies among individual countries and populations. There is a lack of nationwide incidence studies in Central Europe. We analyzed the incidence of clubfoot in the Czech Republic over 14 years. Patients born with clubfoot in the Czech Republic were identified using The National Registry of Congenital Anomalies. Demographic data were included. Data from 2000 to 2014 were collected and analyzed regarding gender and regional distribution. The study’s chosen time frame was grounded on the condition of the Czech industry. Following extensive transformations in 1989, the industry eliminated highly non-ecological operations with significant environmental impact and related health risks. The incidence of clubfoot during the study period was 1.9 (95% CI 1.8–2.0) per 1000 births; males comprised the majority (59%). The incidence significantly differed among individual regions of the Czech Republic (p < 0.001). The incidence in the Czech Republic was higher than in previous European studies. We found significant regional differences in incidence, which could indicate that there may be exogenous pathogenic factors. For this reason, we plan to follow up our work with an up-to-date study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Foot Deformities in Children)
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16 pages, 586 KiB  
Article
Back Pain without Disease or Substantial Injury in Children and Adolescents: A Twin Family Study Investigating Genetic Influence and Associations
by Tessa Beerstra, Minh Bui, Tiina Jaaniste, Aneeka Bott, John Hopper and G. David Champion
Children 2023, 10(2), 375; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10020375 - 14 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1291
Abstract
This twin family study first aimed to investigate the evidence for genetic factors predicting the risk of lifetime prevalence of non-specific low back pain of at least three months duration (LBP (life)) and one-month current prevalence of thoracolumbar back pain (TLBP (current)) using [...] Read more.
This twin family study first aimed to investigate the evidence for genetic factors predicting the risk of lifetime prevalence of non-specific low back pain of at least three months duration (LBP (life)) and one-month current prevalence of thoracolumbar back pain (TLBP (current)) using a study of children, adolescents, and their first-degree relatives. Secondly, the study aimed to identify associations between pain in the back with pain in other regions and also with other conditions of interest. Randomly selected families (n = 2479) with child or adolescent twin pairs and their biological parents and first siblings were approached by Twins Research Australia. There were 651 complete twin pairs aged 6–20 years (response 26%). Casewise concordance, correlation, and odds ratios were compared for monozygous (MZ) and dizygous (DZ) pairs to enable inference about the potential existence of genetic vulnerability. Multivariable random effects logistic regression was used to estimate associations between LBP (life) or TLBP (current) as an outcome with the potentially relevant condition as predictors. The MZ pairs were more similar than the DZ pairs for each of the back pain conditions (all p values < 0.02). Both back pain conditions were associated with pain in multiple sites and with primary pain and other conditions using the combined twin and sibling sample (n = 1382). Data were consistent with the existence of genetic influences on the pain measures under the equal environments assumption of the classic twin model and associations with both categories of back pain were consistent with primary pain conditions and syndromes of childhood and adolescence which has research and clinical implications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Foot Deformities in Children)
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9 pages, 10627 KiB  
Article
The Minimally Invasive SERI Osteotomy for Pediatric Hallux Valgus
by Gino Rocca, Angela De Venuto, Antonio Mazzotti, Simone Ottavio Zielli, Elena Artioli, Lorenzo Brognara, Francesco Traina and Cesare Faldini
Children 2023, 10(1), 94; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10010094 - 2 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2204
Abstract
Hallux valgus (HV), one of the most common forefoot pediatric pathologies, is characterized by lateral deviation of the big toe and medial displacement of the first metatarsal bone. Different surgical techniques have been described to correct the deformity, but no consensus has been [...] Read more.
Hallux valgus (HV), one of the most common forefoot pediatric pathologies, is characterized by lateral deviation of the big toe and medial displacement of the first metatarsal bone. Different surgical techniques have been described to correct the deformity, but no consensus has been reached regarding the best surgical option. The aim of this retrospective study was to report the results of the SERI technique in 58 pediatric HV of 45 consecutive patients. Pre- and postoperative VAS, AOFAS score, HVA, IMA and DMAA were collected. Preoperatively 3 patients (5.2%) had a mild deformity, 52 patients (89.6%) had moderate deformity and 3 patients (5.2%) had severe deformity according to Coughlin et al. Mean VAS score decreased from 5.2 ± 2.2 preoperatively to 0.8 ± 0.4 postoperatively. Mean AOFAS score improved from 68.1 ± 6.8 (range 59–75) preoperatively to 96.3 ± 3.2 (range 88–100) postoperatively, mean HVA reduced from 28.4° preoperatively to 13.2° postoperatively, mean IMA decreased from 15.2° preoperatively to 9.5° postoperatively (p < 0.01); mean DMAA decreased from 13.7° preoperatively to 8.2° postoperatively (p < 0.01). SERI technique showed satisfactory results when treating mild to severe pediatric HV deformity. No major complications were reported. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Foot Deformities in Children)
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