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Advances in Intensive Care for Critically Ill Neonates: Clinical Diagnosis...
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Advances in Intensive Care for Critically Ill Neonates: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Emergency Medicine & Intensive Care Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2024 | Viewed by 2285

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Stefan Grosek

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Guest Editor
1. Neonatology Section, Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Šlajmerjeva 3, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
2. Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Bohoričeva 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: critically ill newborn infants and children; transportation medicine; medical and research ethics; adult, pediatric and neonatal intensive care medicine; palliative care medicine; philosophy; medical ethics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Critically ill neonates born prematurely and at term represent a major challenge for healthcare professionals. Critically ill neonates are infants with a broad spectrum of diseases and disorders that emerge pre-, peri- or postnatally and who need life support treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The NICU is a place where initial and final diagnoses, carried out many times with the involvement of an interdisciplinary team, are confirmed and treatment is ongoing. Great advances and improvements in diagnostics and treatment with modern technical devices have allowed us to support and save many infants with neonatal disorders that would not have been imaginable years ago. Treatment options involving modern life support systems (mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, blood purification techniques, etc.), surgeries, and the most advanced medicines are also available in the NICU. The treatment and prevention of pain, combatting nosocomial infections, and total parenteral nutrition are also of great importance. Healthcare professionals’ support for the families of the critically ill neonates is a prerequisite for the completeness of the care of critically ill neonates. Additionally, different ethical issues may arise during intensive treatment in the NICU.

Considering the success and popularity of the Special Issue "Intensive Care for Critically Ill Neonates: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment" previously published in the journal Children (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/children/special_issues/7D7KH2A131), we are releasing a follow-up Special Issue to publish more publications containing interesting research that may cover any aspects related to diagnostics and treatment options, as well as outcomes and follow-up, for critically ill neonates in the NICU.

Prof. Dr. Stefan Grosek
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neonatal transport
  • SIRS
  • induced therapeutic hypothermia
  • ECMO
  • surfactant
  • congenital defects
  • total parenteral nutrition
  • inhaled nitric oxide
  • outcome
  • sedation and analgesia
  • ethics in NICU

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 261 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Maternal Stress and Neurobehavioral Indicators of Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
by Bruna Abreu Ramos, Cibelle Kayenne Martins Roberto Formiga, Nayara Rodrigues Gomes de Oliveira, Patricia Gonçalves Evangelista Marçal, Rui Gilberto Ferreira, Tárik Kassem Saidah and Waldemar Naves do Amaral
Children 2024, 11(8), 889; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11080889 - 24 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Background: Preterm birth and prolonged neonatal hospitalization are potential sources of stress for mothers of preterm and low birth weight infants. Aim: To evaluate maternal stress and its association with neurobehavioral indicators of preterm infants during hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit. [...] Read more.
Background: Preterm birth and prolonged neonatal hospitalization are potential sources of stress for mothers of preterm and low birth weight infants. Aim: To evaluate maternal stress and its association with neurobehavioral indicators of preterm infants during hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital in Goiânia, Brazil. The study included preterm and low birth weight infants of both genders and their mothers. The Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the Neurobehavioral Assessment of the Preterm Infant were respectively applied to mothers and infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Results: The study involved 165 premature infants and their mothers. The mean age of the mothers was 26.3 years and most had a high school education level (57.6%). Mothers perceived the experience of having an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit as moderately stressful (2.96 ± 0.81). The parental role alteration (4.11 ± 1.03) and sights and sounds (2.15 ± 0.90) subscales exhibited the highest and lowest stress levels, respectively. Significant correlations (rho < −0.3; p < 0.05) were found between maternal stress and neurobehavioral indicators of infants. In the multivariate analysis, low leg tone was a predictor of higher maternal stress. Low tone and limited arm movement were predictors of higher maternal stress in the maternal role item. Conclusions: The experience of having a preterm infant hospitalized was considered moderately stressful for mothers. Maternal stress levels were significantly correlated with low scores on neonatal neurobehavioral indicators. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Intensive Care for Critically Ill Neonates: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment)

Review

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12 pages, 520 KiB  
Review
Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis in Infants of Mothers with Graves’ Disease Treated for Radioiodine-Induced Hypothyroidism: A Literature Review
by Lucia Jankovski, Štefan Grosek, Mojca Tanšek Žerjav, Marijana Vidmar Šimic and Katja Zaletel
Children 2024, 11(8), 968; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11080968 - 11 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1092
Abstract
Fetal and neonatal thyrotoxicosis occurs in up to 5% of pregnancies in mothers with Graves’ disease (GD). This condition is caused by stimulating antibodies against the thyrotropin receptor (TRAbs) that cross the placenta and may stimulate the fetal thyroid, typically in the second [...] Read more.
Fetal and neonatal thyrotoxicosis occurs in up to 5% of pregnancies in mothers with Graves’ disease (GD). This condition is caused by stimulating antibodies against the thyrotropin receptor (TRAbs) that cross the placenta and may stimulate the fetal thyroid, typically in the second half of pregnancy. GD is often treated with radioiodine, resulting in hypothyroidism in most patients, but TRAbs can persist for several years. Even if a pregnant mother is hypothyroid after radioiodine therapy or surgery, her TRAbs can still, although rarely, induce fetal hyperthyroidism. In this review, we first present two cases of neonatal hyperthyroidism in mothers with GD who became hypothyroid after prior radioiodine therapy, identified through a 10-year analysis of the National Perinatal System in Slovenia. Based on these cases, we provide an overview of existing data on this rare clinical condition in neonates. We also discuss the underlying mechanisms and clinical outcomes based on currently available data. In conclusion, our review highlights the importance of careful monitoring during pregnancy in all women with GD, even in those well managed after radioiodine therapy or surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Intensive Care for Critically Ill Neonates: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment)
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