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Crystals
Special Issues
Perovskites – New and Old Materials
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Perovskites – New and Old Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials for Energy Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 8932

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tomasz Bodziony

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Guest Editor
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: solid state physics; EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance); magnetic properties of solids and magnetic measurements (SQUID); optical; infrared and XRD spectroscopy; crystallography
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Sławomir Kaczmarek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Technical Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: laser diodes; scintillators; solid and nanoparticles materials characterization; EPR investigations, magnetic properties
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Perovskites are one of the best-known compounds. Research on them has been going on for almost two hundred years. Lew Perovski (1792 - 1852) is a Russian mineralogist whose study of the crystal structure of calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3) gave the name to the class of compounds with the same crystal structure (ABX3), known as the perovskite structure. We are currently seeing a great resurgence in the study of perovskites, both for cognitive and application reasons. LiNbO3 is frequently investigated owing to its good electrooptic and acousto-optic properties. Similarly, the same as LiNbO3, LiTaO3 can also be widely used as a surface acoustic wave substrate, electro-optic modulator and second harmonic generation material. The power of perovskites lies in their structure. Conventional oxide perovskites are cubic. Hexagonal oxide perovskites, e.g., SrIrO3, are especially relevant due to their significance as quantum materials.

A new and great example of the significant applications of perovskites is their ability to convert solar energy into electricity. Perovskite solar sells could be the future of this kind energy. They are cheap cost, highly efficient, thin, lightweight and flexible since they can be printed by inks, and an interesting alternative to traditional silicon solar panels. They can be used as a thin film laid on glass or plastic. Perovskite solar cells convert sunlight into electricity around 50 % more efficiently than silicon cells. Ink jet printing and roll-to-roll methods can be used to produce the solar cells. Perovskites have reached about 30 % efficiency in lab tests. A perovskite–silicon combination might even achieve a 45 % efficiency, more than double that of today’s silicon panels.

The subject of this Special Issue is perovskites, presenting results from the latest research on their structural, physical, optical, magnetic, and other properties, as well as computer simulation and theoretical studies. It also covers perovskites as crystals, powders, and thin films, pure and doped. The properties of perovskites are the key to their future applications.

Prof. Dr. Tomasz Bodziony
Prof. Dr. SŁawomir Kaczmarek
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • perovskites
  • nanomaterials
  • optical materials
  • quantum materials
  • lasers
  • waveguides
  • electro-optic modulators
  • solar cells
  • energy converters. 

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 31596 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of BaZrS3 and BaS3 Thin Films: High and Low Temperature Approaches
by Tim Freund, Sumbal Jamshaid, Milad Monavvar and Peter Wellmann
Crystals 2024, 14(3), 267; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14030267 - 9 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2103
Abstract
Current research efforts in the field of the semiconducting chalcogenide perovskites are directed towards the fabrication of thin films and subsequently determine their performance in the photovoltaic application. These efforts are motivated by the outstanding properties of this class of materials in terms [...] Read more.
Current research efforts in the field of the semiconducting chalcogenide perovskites are directed towards the fabrication of thin films and subsequently determine their performance in the photovoltaic application. These efforts are motivated by the outstanding properties of this class of materials in terms of stability, high absorption coefficient near the band edge and no significant health concerns compared to their halide counterparts. The approach followed here is to use stacked precursor layers and is adopted from other chalcogenide photovoltaic materials like the kesterites and chalcopyrites. The successful synthesis of BaZrS3 from stacked layers of BaS and Zr and annealing at high temperatures (~1100 °C) with the addition of elemental sulfur is demonstrated. However, the film shows the presence of secondary phases and a flawed surface. As an alternative to this, BaS3 could be used as precursor due to its low melting point of 554 °C. Previously, the fabrication of BaS3 films was demonstrated, but in order to utilize them in the fabrication of BaZrS3 thin films, their microstructure and processing are further improved in this work by reducing the synthesis temperature to 300 °C, resulting in a smoother surface. This work lays the groundwork for future research in the fabrication of chalcogenide perovskites utilizing stacked layers and BaS3. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perovskites – New and Old Materials)
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14 pages, 2407 KiB  
Article
Ba0.9A0.1MnO3 (A = Ce, La, Mg) Perovskite-Type Mixed Oxides: Effect of Partial Substitution of Ba on the Catalytic Performance for the Oxidation of CO in Simulated Automobile Exhaust Conditions
by Nawel Ghezali, Álvaro Díaz Verde and María José Illán Gómez
Crystals 2024, 14(2), 191; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14020191 - 14 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1385
Abstract
BaMnO3 (BM) and Ba0.9A0.1MnO3 (BM-A) (A = Ce, La or Mg) perovskite-type mixed oxides were synthesized by the aqueous sol–gel method; thoroughly characterized by ICP-OES, XRD, H2-TPR, BET, and O2-TPD; and tested as [...] Read more.
BaMnO3 (BM) and Ba0.9A0.1MnO3 (BM-A) (A = Ce, La or Mg) perovskite-type mixed oxides were synthesized by the aqueous sol–gel method; thoroughly characterized by ICP-OES, XRD, H2-TPR, BET, and O2-TPD; and tested as catalysts for CO oxidation under simulated automobile exhaust conditions. The characterization results indicate that the main effects of the partial substitution of Ba with A-metal in BM perovskite are the maintenance of the hexagonal structure of the perovskite and the increase in reducibility and oxygen mobility. All samples catalyze the CO to CO2 oxidation reaction in the different reactant mixtures employed, showing the best performance for the mixture with the lowest CO/O2 ratio and in the presence of a dopant in the BM perovskite formulation. BM-La is the most active catalyst for improving CO oxidation, as it is the most reducible, and because is able to evolve oxygen at intermediate temperatures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perovskites – New and Old Materials)
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8 pages, 1089 KiB  
Communication
Evaluation of the Minority-Carrier Lifetime of IMM3J Solar Cells under Proton Irradiation Based on Electroluminescence
by Jing Xu, Gang Yan and Ming Lu
Crystals 2023, 13(2), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13020297 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1839
Abstract
The shortening of the minority carrier lifetime is the main reason for the degradation of the electrical performance of solar cells; therefore, it is particularly important to evaluate the minority carrier lifetime of inverted metamorphic triple junction (IMM3J) GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs solar cells. We evaluate [...] Read more.
The shortening of the minority carrier lifetime is the main reason for the degradation of the electrical performance of solar cells; therefore, it is particularly important to evaluate the minority carrier lifetime of inverted metamorphic triple junction (IMM3J) GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs solar cells. We evaluate the minority carrier lifetime of each subcell of IMM3J solar cells before and after 2 MeV proton irradiation by the electroluminescence (EL) method. Before proton irradiation, the minority carrier lifetimes of the GaInP, GaAs, and InGaAs subcells were 6.99 × 10−9 s, 3.09 × 10−8 s, and 2.31 × 10−8 s, respectively. After proton irradiation, the minority carrier lifetime of GaInP, GaAs, and InGaAs subcells degraded significantly. When the proton fluence was 2 × 1012 cm−2, the minority carrier lifetimes of the GaInP, GaAs, and InGaAs subcells degraded to 1.63 × 10−10 s, 1.56 × 10−11 s, and 1.65 × 10−10 s, respectively. These results provide a reference for predicting the degradation of the short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage of each subcell. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perovskites – New and Old Materials)
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Review

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15 pages, 5606 KiB  
Review
All Inorganic Lead-Free Zero-Dimensional Metal Halide Luminescent Materials and Applications
by Kashyap Dave, Wen-Tse Huang and Ru-Shi Liu
Crystals 2023, 13(3), 499; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030499 - 14 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2914
Abstract
Recently, zero-dimensional luminescent material has attracted researchers because of its optical properties, which is a possible candidate to replace lead halide perovskite. This review focused on the recent development of tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated inorganic halide semiconductor luminescent materials. We discuss the synthesis [...] Read more.
Recently, zero-dimensional luminescent material has attracted researchers because of its optical properties, which is a possible candidate to replace lead halide perovskite. This review focused on the recent development of tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated inorganic halide semiconductor luminescent materials. We discuss the synthesis methods and crystal structures of these materials in this review. The materials are categorized based on the valence of central metal cations (monovalent, divalent, and trivalent). Finally, we have summarized the applications of these luminescent materials, such as light-emitting diodes, ultrafast switching memories, photodetectors, and scintillators. This review article provides an overview of recent progress on zero-dimensional materials and their applications for further development in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perovskites – New and Old Materials)
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