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Crystals
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Functional Materials and Metamaterials
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Functional Materials and Metamaterials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 11048

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Liangchi Zhang

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Guest Editor
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-Scale Manufacturing Mechanics, SUSTech Institute for Manufacturing Innovation, Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: characterization of materials; advanced manufacturing; solid mechanics; tribology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Zhen Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-scale Manufacturing Mechanics, SUSTech Institute for Manufacturing Innovation, Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: high-entropy alloy; composites; micro/nano forming; functional surfaces; dynamic deformation mechanisms
Dr. Yang He

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-scale Manufacturing Mechanics, SUSTech Institute for Manufacturing Innovation, Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: nanostructures; nanomechanics; atomic force microscopy; scanning probe lithography; 2D materials;

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Functional materials and metamaterials involve the cross-disciplinary fields of material science, surface engineering, advanced manufacturing, condensed matter physics, quantum theory, and more. Their fascinating properties, including tunable photoelectric/electromagnetic features, wettability, catalysis, and biological affinity, continuously inspire the fertile imagination and creativity of researchers from different communities. A variety of these materials have been meticulously designed and fabricated, such as functional ceramics, left-handed materials, photonic crystals, 2D materials, perovskites, and other materials with sophisticated structures, which have a bright application prospect.

The development of functional materials and metamaterials requires in-depth studies. Novel strategies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning can be introduced to predict or tailor the complex functions and structures more effectively. The fabrication of these advanced materials and functional structures generally involves multi-scale manufacturing processes such as precision machining, micro/nanoforming, 3D printing, biochemical synthesis, and coating and deposition. New fabrication approaches with good flexibility and high productivity are highly desired for the emerging functional and metamaterials. Meanwhile, their performance evaluation and application in cutting-edge fields like energy, sensing, biomedical engineering, communication, and computing also need to be extensively explored.

This Special Issue aims to collect original research articles and reviews focusing on the fundamental theories, function mechanisms, novel design strategies, advanced manufacturing approaches, and new applications.

Prof. Dr. Liangchi Zhang
Dr. Zhen Li
Dr. Yang He
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • functional material surface
  • metamaterial design
  • computational modeling
  • experimental characterization
  • multi-scale manufacturing

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3636 KiB  
Article
Three-Dimensional Gradient Metamaterial Devices Coupled with Phononic Crystals for Acoustic Enhancement Sensing
by Xinsa Zhao, Guodong Hao, Yu Shang and Jianning Han
Crystals 2023, 13(8), 1191; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13081191 - 31 Jul 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1630
Abstract
Conventional acoustic systems exhibit a difficulty in sensing weak acoustic fault signals in complex mechanical vibration environments. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an acoustic sensing mode and a corresponding functional device with pressure amplification. This paper proposes a three-dimensional device, coupling gradient [...] Read more.
Conventional acoustic systems exhibit a difficulty in sensing weak acoustic fault signals in complex mechanical vibration environments. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an acoustic sensing mode and a corresponding functional device with pressure amplification. This paper proposes a three-dimensional device, coupling gradient acoustic metamaterials (GAM) with phononic crystals (GAM–PC). The strong wave compression effect coupled with the phononic crystal equivalent medium mechanism is utilized to achieve the enhancement of weak acoustic signal perception at the target frequency. The superior amplification capability of the GAM–PC structure for the amplitude of loud signals is verified by numerical simulations and experiments. Moreover, the GAM–PC structure has a narrower bandwidth per slit, making it more frequency selective. Furthermore, the structure can separate different frequency components. This work is expected to be applied to signal monitoring in environments with strong noise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Materials and Metamaterials)
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13 pages, 41633 KiB  
Article
C-Band Linear Polarization Metasurface Converter with Arbitrary Polarization Rotation Angle Based on Notched Circular Patches
by Tao Zhang, Haoran Wang, Chongmei Peng, Zhaohui Chen and Xiaoyi Wang
Crystals 2022, 12(11), 1646; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111646 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2182
Abstract
This paper presents a linear polarization metasurface converter with arbitrary polarization rotating angle and stable oblique incident response, which is based on the concept of linear-to-circular polarization decomposition and recombination. A metasurface unit cell is proposed using a notched circular patch with two [...] Read more.
This paper presents a linear polarization metasurface converter with arbitrary polarization rotating angle and stable oblique incident response, which is based on the concept of linear-to-circular polarization decomposition and recombination. A metasurface unit cell is proposed using a notched circular patch with two metallized vias connected to the bottom-layer coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines. By changing the length of the two transmission lines, different polarization rotation angle may be realized. The proposed metasurface polarization converter is theoretically analyzed and full-wave simulated. A 45∘ metasurface polarization converter with 8×8 unit cells is designed and experimentally demonstrated. The experimental results agree well with the simulation, showing that the proposed metasurface polarization converter can achieve a high polarization conversion ratio (PCR) larger than 85% under up to 50∘ oblique incident wave. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Materials and Metamaterials)
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12 pages, 3489 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamic Characterization of a Highly Transparent Microfluidic Chip with Multiple On-Chip Temperature Control Units
by Tianhang Yang, Jinxian Wang, Sining Lv, Songjing Li and Gangyin Luo
Crystals 2022, 12(6), 856; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12060856 - 17 Jun 2022
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 2118
Abstract
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a functional material with great transparency, machinability, electrical conductivity and thermo–sensitivity. Based on its excellent thermoelectric performance, we designed and fabricated a multilayer transparent microfluidic chip with multiple sets of on–chip heating, local temperature measurement and positive on–chip [...] Read more.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a functional material with great transparency, machinability, electrical conductivity and thermo–sensitivity. Based on its excellent thermoelectric performance, we designed and fabricated a multilayer transparent microfluidic chip with multiple sets of on–chip heating, local temperature measurement and positive on–chip cooling function units. Temperature control plays a significant role in microfluidic approaches, especially in the devices that are designed for bioengineering, chemical synthesis and disease detection. The transparency of the chip contributes to achieve the real–time observation of fluid flow and optical detection. The chip consists of a temperature control layer made with an etched ITO deposited glass, a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) fluid layer, a PDMS cooling and flow control layer. The performances of the ITO on–chip microheaters, ITO on–chip temperature sensors and two coolants were tested and analyzed in different working conditions. The positive on–chip heating and cooling were proved to be area-specific under a large temperature–regulating range. This PDMS–ITO–glass based chip could be applied to both temporal and spatial stable temperature–regulating principles for various purposes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Materials and Metamaterials)
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20 pages, 7363 KiB  
Article
Development of Double C-Shaped Left-Handed Metamaterial for Dual-Band Wi-Fi and Satellite Communication Application with High Effective Medium Radio and Wide Bandwidth
by Rasheduzzaman Sifat, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque, Md Bellal Hossain, Mardina Abdullah, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Nissren Tamam and Abdelmoneim Sulieman
Crystals 2022, 12(6), 836; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12060836 - 13 Jun 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2518
Abstract
The development and improvement of the dual-band 802.11ac standard Wi-Fi and wide bandwidth satellite communication devices are currently research subjects that have garnered significant interest. In this paper, double C-shaped two split-ring resonator (SRR) bounded unit cells were developed, which are applicable for [...] Read more.
The development and improvement of the dual-band 802.11ac standard Wi-Fi and wide bandwidth satellite communication devices are currently research subjects that have garnered significant interest. In this paper, double C-shaped two split-ring resonator (SRR) bounded unit cells were developed, which are applicable for S, C, and X band applications, including dual-band Wi-Fi communication devices and satellite communication applications for its effective medium ratio (EMR) of 15.6, which results in a 2.4 GHz resonance frequency and wide bandwidth (S21 < −10 dB) of 1650 MHz at an 11.5 GHz resonance frequency. A copper resonator and the popular substrate material Rogers RT 5880 (thickness of 1.575 mm) were adopted for analyzing the characteristics of this unit cell. The 8×8 mm2 structure was designed and simulated using a commercially available electromagnetic simulator CST (Computer Simulation Technology) Studio Suite 2019, which was utilized at four resonance frequencies: 2.4 GHz, 5.6 GHz, 8.93 GHz, and 11.5 GHz. The electric field, magnetic field, and surface current distribution were examined by modifying the metamaterial unit cell design structure, showing effective results. To confirm the CST simulation results, the newly designed double C-shaped double-negative metamaterial (DNG) was also simulated with the Ansys High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and compared with the extracted results. The suggested metamaterial is advised for usage in Wi-Fi and satellite communication applications for superior long-distance communication performance and efficiency with the compactness of the structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Materials and Metamaterials)
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12 pages, 3775 KiB  
Article
Acoustic Focusing with Intensity Modulation Based on Sub-Wavelength Waveguide Array
by Mingran Zhang and Guangrui Gu
Crystals 2021, 11(12), 1461; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121461 - 26 Nov 2021
Viewed by 1639
Abstract
Acoustic focusing with intensity modulation plays an important role in biomedical and life sciences. In this work, we propose a new approach for simultaneous phase and amplitude manipulation in sub-wavelength coupled resonant units, which has not been reported so far. Based on the [...] Read more.
Acoustic focusing with intensity modulation plays an important role in biomedical and life sciences. In this work, we propose a new approach for simultaneous phase and amplitude manipulation in sub-wavelength coupled resonant units, which has not been reported so far. Based on the equivalent impedance and refractive index modulation induced by the change of geometry, arbitrary amplitude response from 0 to 1 and phase shift from 0 to 2π is realized. Thus, the acoustic focusing with intensity modulation can be achieved via waveguide array. Herein, the focal length can be adjusted by alternating the length of supercell, and the whole system can work in a broadband of 0.872f0–1.075f0. By introducing the coding method, the thermal viscosity loss is reduced, and the wavefront modulation can be more accurate. Compared with previous works, our approach has the advantages of simple design and broadband response, which may have promising applications in acoustic communication, non-destructive testing, and acoustic holography. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Materials and Metamaterials)
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