Recent Advances in Single and Multiphase Flows in Microchannels, 3rd Edition

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521). This special issue belongs to the section "Flow of Multi-Phase Fluids and Granular Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2024) | Viewed by 3595

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento, 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: numerical methods; heat transfer; turbulent flows; two-phase flow; microchannels; micro-junctions
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heat and mass transport in microchannels is key to diverse applications that span many disciplines in science and engineering, from mechanical, chemical, energy, and environmental engineering, to biological and medical science.

Notable examples range from the thermal management of power electronics to the mobilization of pollutants in unsaturated soil, the capillary-cleaning of fouling and biofilms, microencapsulation for drug delivery, the medical treatment of diseased tissues, the deformability of cells in biofluids, and (bio)chemical microreactor technology, to name a few.

Within microchannels, unlike large-scale flows, phenomena such as viscous heating, surface tension, interfacial resistance to heat and mass transfer, van der Waals interactions, diffusiophoresis, and diffusioosmosis can have dominant effects on the transport mechanisms.

Although recent advances in microfabrication techniques such as micromilling, embossing technology, additive manufacturing, and photolithography have allowed substantial reduction in microchannel size and manufacturing cost, there is still a great deal of uncertainty in our understanding of the underlying flow physics.

Therefore, new insight into the governing flow/heat-transfer mechanisms at the microscale, which are required for the optimal development, design, and operation of next-generation microfluidic devices, is the driving motivation of this Special Issue.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions that focus on recent developments in single and multiphase flows in microchannels, including but not restricted to gas–liquid, liquid–liquid, particle-laden, and colloidal-suspension flows; the impact of channel geometry on fluid dynamics and heat transfer; fundamental aspects of thin-film dynamics and evaporation; flow boiling heat transfer and critical heat flux; flow boiling instabilities in multimicrochannel evaporators; the enhancement of single-phase cooling; microstructured surfaces; thermally and surfactant-driven Marangoni flows; electrokinetics; diffusiophoresis; diffusioosmosis; and theoretical approaches such as lubrication theory and asymptotics.

We invite contributions in all areas of experimental and computational methods, multiscale models, and theoretical approaches that focus on the aforementioned mechanisms dominated by the microscale.

Dr. Beatrice Pulvirenti
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microfluidics
  • single-phase flow
  • multiphase flow
  • flow boiling
  • thin-films
  • computational fluid mechanics
  • multiscale modelling

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 7229 KiB  
Article
Impact of Rock Cuttings on Downhole Fluid Movement in Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) Bits, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Simulation, and Optimization of Hydraulic Structures
by Lihong Wei and Jaime Honra
Fluids 2025, 10(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10010013 - 14 Jan 2025
Viewed by 387
Abstract
The flow occurring at the bottom of a polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drill bit involves a complex process made up of drilling fluid and the drilled rock cuttings. A thorough understanding of the bottom-hole flow conditions is essential for accurately evaluating and optimizing [...] Read more.
The flow occurring at the bottom of a polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drill bit involves a complex process made up of drilling fluid and the drilled rock cuttings. A thorough understanding of the bottom-hole flow conditions is essential for accurately evaluating and optimizing the hydraulic structure design of the PDC drill bit. Based on a comprehensive understanding of the hydraulic structure and fluid flow characteristics of PDC drill bits, this study integrates computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with rock-breaking simulation methods to refine and enhance the numerical simulation approach for the liquid–solid two-phase flow field of PDC drill bits. This study further conducts a comparative analysis of simulation results between single-phase and liquid–solid two-phase flows, highlighting the influence of rock cuttings on flow dynamics. The results reveal substantial differences in flow behavior between single-phase and two-phase conditions, with rock cuttings altering the velocity distribution, flow patterns, and hydraulic performance near the bottom-hole region of the drill bit. The two-phase flow simulation results demonstrate higher accuracy and provide a more detailed depiction of the bottom-hole flow, facilitating the identification of previously unrecognized issues in the hydraulic structure design. These findings advance the methodology for multiphase flow simulation in PDC drill bit studies, providing significant academic and engineering value by offering actionable insights for optimizing hydraulic structures and extending bit life. Full article
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25 pages, 8702 KiB  
Article
Enhancement of an Air-Cooled Battery Thermal Management System Using Liquid Cooling with CuO and Al2O3 Nanofluids under Steady-State and Transient Conditions
by Peyman Soleymani, Ehsan Saffarifard, Jalal Jahanpanah, Meisam Babaie, Amir Nourian, Rasul Mohebbi, Zineb Aakcha and Yuan Ma
Fluids 2023, 8(10), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8100261 - 25 Sep 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2764
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries are a crucial part of transportation electrification. Various battery thermal management systems (BTMS) are employed in electric vehicles for safe and optimum battery operation. With the advancement in power demand and battery technology, there is an increasing interest in enhancing BTMS’ [...] Read more.
Lithium-ion batteries are a crucial part of transportation electrification. Various battery thermal management systems (BTMS) are employed in electric vehicles for safe and optimum battery operation. With the advancement in power demand and battery technology, there is an increasing interest in enhancing BTMS’ performance. Liquid cooling is gaining a lot of attention recently due to its higher heat capacity compared to air. In this study, an air-cooled BTMS is replaced by a liquid cooled with nanoparticles, and the impacts of different nanoparticles and flow chrematistics are modeled. Furthermore, a unique approach that involves transient analysis is employed. The effects of nanofluid in enhancing the thermal performance of lithium-ion batteries are assessed for two types of nanoparticles (CuO and Al2O3) at four different volume concentrations (0.5%, 2%, 3%, and 5%) and three fluid velocities (0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 m/s). To simulate fluid flow behavior and analyze the temperature distribution within the battery pack, a conventional k-ε turbulence model is used. The results indicate that the cooling efficiency of the system can be enhanced by introducing a 5% volume concentration of nanofluids at a lower fluid velocity as compared to pure liquid. Al2O3 and CuO reduce the temperature by 7.89% and 4.73% for the 5% volume concentration, respectively. From transient analysis, it is also found that for 600 s of operation at the highest power, the cell temperature is within the safe range for the selected vehicle with nanofluid cooling. The findings from this study are expected to contribute to improving BTMS by quantifying the benefits of using nanofluids for battery cooling under both steady-state and transient conditions. Full article
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