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Fluids
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Modelling and Simulation of Turbulent Flows, 2nd Edition
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Modelling and Simulation of Turbulent Flows, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521). This special issue belongs to the section "Turbulence".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 January 2026 | Viewed by 623

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yufeng Yao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Engineering Modelling and Simulation Research Group, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
Interests: fundamental flow physics; turbulent flow; complex flow; turbulent boundary layers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jun Yao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Engineering Modelling and Simulation Research Group, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
Interests: industrial flow; CFD

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The modelling and simulation of turbulent flows constitute a fundamental approach to providing in-depth insights into the underlying flow physics of various turbulence mechanisms and how to apply them in various engineering applications. There are motivations and initiatives behind a large number of research projects spanning from aerospace, automotive and renewable energies to unconventional applications in pedestrian comfort cardiovascular biomedicine, such as COVID-19 particles dispersion.

This Special Issue of Fluids is dedicated to the recent advances in the computational modelling and simulation of turbulent flows, including numerical methods development and its applications. This includes, but is not limited to, direct numerical simulation (DNS), the large-eddy simulation (LES) of fundamental fluid flows to explore turbulent flow structures formation, shock-wave–boundary layer interactions and RANS–LES hybrid methods employed in a variety of external and internal turbulent flows, with the inclusion of applying new machine learning and data-driven methods for the prediction of turbulent flows.

Prof. Dr. Yufeng Yao
Dr. Jun Yao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fluids is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • turbulent flows
  • modelling and simulation
  • direct numerical simulation (DNS)
  • large-eddy simulation (LES)
  • hybrid RANS–LES
  • data-driven CFD modelling
  • numerical methods
  • steady and unsteady aerodynamics
  • shock-wave–boundary layer interactions
  • multiphase flow
  • reacting flow
  • aeroacoustics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 32413 KB  
Article
Impact of Streamwise Pressure Gradient on Shaped Film Cooling Hole Using Large Eddy Simulation
by Yifan Yang, Kexin Hu, Can Ma, Xinrong Su and Xin Yuan
Fluids 2025, 10(8), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10080214 - 15 Aug 2025
Viewed by 317
Abstract
In turbine blade environments, the combination of blade curvature and accelerating flow gives rise to streamwise pressure gradients (SPGs), which substantially impact coolant–mainstream interactions. This study investigates the effect of SPGs on film cooling performance using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) for a shaped [...] Read more.
In turbine blade environments, the combination of blade curvature and accelerating flow gives rise to streamwise pressure gradients (SPGs), which substantially impact coolant–mainstream interactions. This study investigates the effect of SPGs on film cooling performance using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) for a shaped cooling hole at a density ratio of DR=1.5 under two blowing ratios: M=0.5 and M=1.6. Both favorable pressure gradient (FPG) and zero pressure gradient (ZPG) conditions are examined. LES predictions are validated against experimental data in the high blowing ratio case, confirming the accuracy of the numerical method. Comparative analysis of the time-averaged flow fields indicates that, at M=1.6, FPG enhances wall attachment of the coolant jet, reduces boundary layer thickness, and suppresses vertical dispersion. Counter-rotating vortex pairs (CVRPs) are also compressed in this process, leading to improved downstream cooling. At M=0.5, however, the ZPG promotes greater lateral coolant spread near the hole exit, resulting in superior near-field cooling performance. Instantaneous flow structures are also analyzed to further explore the unsteady dynamics governing film cooling. The Q criterion exposes the formation and evolution of coherent vortices, including hairpin vortices, shear-layer vortices, and horseshoe vortices. Compared to ZPG, the FPG case exhibits a greater number of downstream hairpin vortices identified by density gradient, and this effect is particularly pronounced at the lower blowing ratio. The shear layer instability is evaluated using the local gradient Ri number, revealing widespread Kelvin–Helmholtz instability near the jet interface. In addition, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis shows that FPG shifts disturbance energy to lower frequencies with higher amplitudes, indicating enhanced turbulent dissipation and intensified coolant mixing at a low blowing ratio. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling and Simulation of Turbulent Flows, 2nd Edition)
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