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Gels
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Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering
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Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering

A special issue of Gels (ISSN 2310-2861). This special issue belongs to the section "Gel Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2022) | Viewed by 25615

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jinfeng Liao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
Interests: hydrogel; nanoparticles; photothermal therapy; tissue engineering; tumor therapy; drug delivery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the past few decades, with the efforts of researchers in materials science, chemistry, medicine, pharmacy, biology, and other related disciplines around the world, considerable progress has been made in tissue engineering research on hydrogels. Hydrogel is a multi-element system composed of a three-dimensional cross-linked network structure of polymer and a medium composed of hydrophilic polymer chains. As a three-dimensional scaffold material with good hydrophilicity, hydrogel has a wide range of applications in repairing bone, cartilage, muscle, and skin. The mechanical properties, surface morphology, topological structure, degradation properties, and other physical and chemical properties of hydrogels are importantly related to the effect of tissue repair. In addition to the ability of hydrogel to regulate the repair of soft and hard tissues, it can also be loaded with drugs (such as water-soluble drugs or poorly soluble drugs loaded on nanoparticles), which can not only ensure the stability of the drug but also improve the sustained release effect of the drug, thereby regulating tissue regeneration through the action of drugs. The endogenous biological activity of hydrogels and the sustained release of exogenous drugs are important to the synergistic regulation mechanism of tissue repair, which may involve stem cell differentiation, immune regulation, and angiogenesis. This Special Issue on “Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering” focuses on original research papers and comprehensive reviews. This Special Issue aims to illustrate the recent development and future perspectives of gels in drug delivery and tissue engineering.

Prof. Dr. Jinfeng Liao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Gels is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Hydrogel
  • Drug delivery
  • Hybrid hydrogel
  • Tissue engineering
  • Nanoparticle/microparticles
  • Photothermal therapy
  • Cell differentiation
  • Immune regulation
  • Angiogenesis
  • Hydrogel degradation

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1091 KiB  
Article
Fabrication and Characterizations of Pharmaceutical Emulgel Co-Loaded with Naproxen-Eugenol for Improved Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects
by Barkat Ali Khan, Sajeel Ahmad, Muhammad Khalid Khan, Khaled M. Hosny, Deena M. Bukhary, Haroon Iqbal, Samar S. Murshid, Abdulrahman A. Halwani, Mohammed Alissa and Farid Menaa
Gels 2022, 8(10), 608; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8100608 - 22 Sep 2022
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5768
Abstract
The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize a pharmaceutical emulgel co-loaded with naproxen/eugenol for transdermal delivery to improve the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and to eliminate GIT adverse reactions. Emulgel was prepared using a slow emulsification method and evaluated for [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize a pharmaceutical emulgel co-loaded with naproxen/eugenol for transdermal delivery to improve the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and to eliminate GIT adverse reactions. Emulgel was prepared using a slow emulsification method and evaluated for physical appearance, thermodynamic stability, viscosity, pH, spreadability, extrudability, in-vitro drug release, drug content, ex-vivo permeation, drug retention studies and in-vivo studies. The emulgel exhibited good physical attributes, being thermodynamically stable with no phase separation, having excellent homogeneity, and pH 5.5 to 6.5. Slight changes in viscosity, spreadability and extrudability with respect to high temperature were observed (p > 0.05). The drug content was 96.69 ± 1.18% and 97.24 ± 1.27% for naproxen and eugenol, respectively. The maximum release of naproxen after 12 h was 85.14 ± 1.11%, whereas eugenol was 86.67 ± 1.23% from emulgel following anomalous non-Fickian mechanism. The maximum % permeation of naproxen across skin was 78.5 ± 1.30, whereas maximum % permeation of eugenol was 83.7 ± 1.33 after 12 h. The skin retention of eugenol and naproxen was 8.52 ± 0.22% and 6.98 ± 0.24%, respectively. The optimized emulgel inhibited the carrageenan induced paw edema. The pain reaction times of optimized emulgel and standard marketed product (Voltral®) were 11.16 ± 0.17 and 10.36 ± 0.47, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). This study concluded that transdermal delivery of naproxen-eugenol emulgel synergized the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of naproxen and eugenol. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering)
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25 pages, 57262 KiB  
Article
In Vitro and Biological Characterization of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Laden pH-Sensitive and Mucoadhesive Hydroxy Propyl β-Cyclodextrin-g-poly(acrylic acid)/Gelatin Semi-Interpenetrating Networks
by Nyla Ajaz, Ikram Ullah Khan, Muhammad Irfan, Syed Haroon Khalid, Sajid Asghar, Yasir Mehmood, Muhammad Asif, Usra, Ghulam Hussain, Yasser Shahzad, Shefaat Ullah Shah and Muhammad Usman Munir
Gels 2022, 8(5), 290; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8050290 - 7 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3335
Abstract
The current study reports the fabrication and biological evaluation of hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin-g-poly(acrylic acid)/gelatin (HP-β-CD-g-poly(AA)/gelatin) semi-interpenetrating networks (semi-IPN) for colonic delivery of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP). The prepared hydrogels showed pH-dependent swelling and mucoadhesive properties. The mucoadhesive strength of hydrogels increased with an [...] Read more.
The current study reports the fabrication and biological evaluation of hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin-g-poly(acrylic acid)/gelatin (HP-β-CD-g-poly(AA)/gelatin) semi-interpenetrating networks (semi-IPN) for colonic delivery of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP). The prepared hydrogels showed pH-dependent swelling and mucoadhesive properties. The mucoadhesive strength of hydrogels increased with an increasing concentration of gelatin. Based on the swelling and mucoadhesive properties, AG-1 was chosen as the optimized formulation (0.33% w/w of gelatin and 16.66% w/w of AA) for further analysis. FTIR revealed the successful development of a polymeric network without any interaction with DSP. SEM images revealed a slightly rough surface after drug loading. Drug distribution at the molecular level was confirmed by XRD. In vitro drug release assay showed pH-dependent release, i.e., a minute amount of DSP was released at a pH of 1.2 while 90.58% was released over 72 h at pH 7.4. The optimized formulation did not show any toxic effects on a rabbit’s vital organs and was also hemocompatible, thus confirming the biocompatible nature of the hydrogel. Conclusively, the prepared semi-IPN hydrogel possessed the necessary features, which can be exploited for the colonic delivery of DSP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering)
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Review

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30 pages, 3803 KiB  
Review
Applications of Hydrogels in Drug Delivery for Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases
by Lijia Liu, Dan Wu, Heng Tu, Mengjiao Cao, Mengxin Li, Li Peng and Jing Yang
Gels 2023, 9(2), 146; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9020146 - 9 Feb 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4608
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial diseases have an important impact on local function, facial appearance, and general health. As a multifunctional platform, hydrogels are widely used in the biomedical field due to their excellent physicochemical properties. In recent years, a large number of studies have [...] Read more.
Oral and maxillofacial diseases have an important impact on local function, facial appearance, and general health. As a multifunctional platform, hydrogels are widely used in the biomedical field due to their excellent physicochemical properties. In recent years, a large number of studies have been conducted to adapt hydrogels to the complex oral and maxillofacial environment by modulating their pore size, swelling, degradability, stimulus-response properties, etc. Meanwhile, many studies have attempted to use hydrogels as drug delivery carriers to load drugs, cytokines, and stem cells for antibacterial, anticancer, and tissue regeneration applications in oral and maxillofacial regions. This paper reviews the application and research progress of hydrogel-based drug delivery systems in the treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases such as caries, endodontic diseases, periodontal diseases, maxillofacial bone diseases, mucosal diseases, oral cancer, etc. The characteristics and applications of hydrogels and drug-delivery systems employed for the treatment of different diseases are discussed in order to provide a reference for further research on hydrogel drug-delivery systems in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering)
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15 pages, 2201 KiB  
Review
Advancements in Hydrogel Application for Ischemic Stroke Therapy
by Ying Bai, Bing Han, Yi Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Yang Cai, Ling Shen and Yanpeng Jia
Gels 2022, 8(12), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8120777 - 28 Nov 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2389
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. There is almost no effective treatment for this disease. Therefore, developing effective treatment for ischemic stroke is urgently needed. Efficient delivery of therapeutic drugs to ischemic sites remained a great challenge for [...] Read more.
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. There is almost no effective treatment for this disease. Therefore, developing effective treatment for ischemic stroke is urgently needed. Efficient delivery of therapeutic drugs to ischemic sites remained a great challenge for improved treatment of strokes. In recent years, hydrogel-based strategies have been widely investigated for new and improved therapies. They have the advantage of delivering therapeutics in a controlled manner to the poststroke sites, aiming to enhance the intrinsic repair and regeneration. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of stroke and the development of injectable hydrogels in the application of both stroke treatment and neural tissue engineering. We also discuss the prospect and the challenges of hydrogels in the treatment of ischemic strokes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering)
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24 pages, 3797 KiB  
Review
Developments on the Smart Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery System for Oral Tumor Therapy
by Yiwen Zhao, Bei Ran, Xi Xie, Wanrong Gu, Xiuwen Ye and Jinfeng Liao
Gels 2022, 8(11), 741; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8110741 - 15 Nov 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4300
Abstract
At present, an oral tumor is usually treated by surgery combined with preoperative or postoperative radiotherapies and chemotherapies. However, traditional chemotherapies frequently result in substantial toxic side effects, including bone marrow suppression, malfunction of the liver and kidneys, and neurotoxicity. As a new [...] Read more.
At present, an oral tumor is usually treated by surgery combined with preoperative or postoperative radiotherapies and chemotherapies. However, traditional chemotherapies frequently result in substantial toxic side effects, including bone marrow suppression, malfunction of the liver and kidneys, and neurotoxicity. As a new local drug delivery system, the smart drug delivery system based on hydrogel can control drug release in time and space, and effectively alleviate or avoid these problems. Environmentally responsive hydrogels for smart drug delivery could be triggered by temperature, photoelectricity, enzyme, and pH. An overview of the most recent research on smart hydrogels and their controlled-release drug delivery systems for the treatment of oral cancer is given in this review. It is anticipated that the local drug release method and environment-responsive benefits of smart hydrogels will offer a novel technique for the low-toxicity and highly effective treatment of oral malignancy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering)
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19 pages, 1910 KiB  
Review
Advances of Hydrogel Therapy in Periodontal Regeneration—A Materials Perspective Review
by Maoxue Li, Jiaxi Lv, Yi Yang, Guoping Cheng, Shujuan Guo, Chengcheng Liu and Yi Ding
Gels 2022, 8(10), 624; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8100624 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4553
Abstract
Hydrogel, a functional polymer material, has emerged as a promising technology for therapies for periodontal diseases. It has the potential to mimic the extracellular matrix and provide suitable attachment sites and growth environments for periodontal cells, with high biocompatibility, water retention, and slow [...] Read more.
Hydrogel, a functional polymer material, has emerged as a promising technology for therapies for periodontal diseases. It has the potential to mimic the extracellular matrix and provide suitable attachment sites and growth environments for periodontal cells, with high biocompatibility, water retention, and slow release. In this paper, we have summarized the main components of hydrogel in periodontal tissue regeneration and have discussed the primary construction strategies of hydrogels as a reference for future work. Hydrogels provide an ideal microenvironment for cells and play a significant role in periodontal tissue engineering. The development of intelligent and multifunctional hydrogels for periodontal tissue regeneration is essential for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gels: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering)
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