Advances in Breeding and Genetics of Wheat

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 January 2025 | Viewed by 2345

Special Issue Editors

College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
Interests: wheat; transgene; multi-omics; GWAS; physiology
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Guest Editor
National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: wheat; DNA methylation; plant development; transgene; multi-omics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As one of the most important staple crops, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), with approximately 765 million tonnes produced annually, provides carbohydrates, protein, vitamins, fibre, and minerals to 30%~40% of people in the world. In the past, growers mainly paid attention to their wheat yield. Currently, wheat production is facing new challenges with global climate change, the increasing population, and the demand for high-quality products. Although many researchers have conducted studies aiming to improve the yield, biotic and abiotic stress, plant development, and seed quality of wheat, further investigation is needed to understand these mechanisms using transgene methods, multi-omics, genome-wide association studies, and physiology.

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather significant research in order to understand the genetics and physiological regulation mechanisms of these important traits in wheat. Gene function analyses and multi-omics approaches to these analyses are encouraged. But our interest is not limited to these methods.

Dr. Jianhui Ma
Dr. Shuaifeng Geng
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • wheat
  • seed quality
  • abiotic stress
  • biotic stress
  • yield

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1591 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Powdery Mildew Resistance in Wheat Genetic Population
by Zhiyong Zhao, Yuliang Qiu, Menglin Cao, Hongyuan Bi, Guan Si and Xianghai Meng
Genes 2024, 15(11), 1438; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15111438 - 6 Nov 2024
Viewed by 702
Abstract
Powdery mildew is a prevalent wheat disease that affects yield and quality. The characterization and fine mapping of genes associated with powdery mildew resistance can benefit marker-assisted breeding. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with powdery mildew were mapped using a [...] Read more.
Powdery mildew is a prevalent wheat disease that affects yield and quality. The characterization and fine mapping of genes associated with powdery mildew resistance can benefit marker-assisted breeding. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with powdery mildew were mapped using a high-density 35K DArT genetic linkage map developed from a population of double haploid lines (DHs) created by crossing “Jinmai 33 (a highly resistance line) with Yannong 19 (a highly susceptible line)”. Three stable QTLs for powdery mildew were identified on chromosomes 1B, 2B, and 6A combined with the composite interval graphing method and multiple interval mapping, explaining phenotypic variations (PVE) that range from 4.98% to 13.25%. Notably, Qpm.sxn-1B and Qpm.sxn-2B were identified across three environments, with the PVE ranging from 9.37% to 13.25% and from 4.98% to 5.23%, respectively. The synergistic effects of these QTLs were contributed by the parental line “Jinmai 33”. Qpm.sxn-1B was the major stable QTL, and Qpm.sxn-2B was close to Pm51. Furthermore, Qpm.sxn-6A was identified in two environments, accounting for PVE values of 7.13% and 7.65%, respectively, with the resistance effects originating from the male parent. Remarkably, this locus has not been reported previously, indicating that Qpm.sxn-6A represents a newly dis-covered QTL governing powdery mildew genes. Conclusions Five molecular markers available for mark-er-assisted selection were selected for tracking Qpm.sxn-1B and Qpm.sxn-2B in the program. The identification of this novel newly discovered QTL and markers reported in this study will be useful for marker-assisted selection of powdery mildew resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Breeding and Genetics of Wheat)
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16 pages, 2618 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Heading Date in Wheat under Phosphorus Stress Conditions
by Bin Yang, Ling Qiao, Xingwei Zheng, Jun Zheng, Bangbang Wu, Xiaohua Li and Jiajia Zhao
Genes 2024, 15(9), 1150; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15091150 - 31 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1153
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a crucial cereal crop, contributing around 20% of global caloric intake. However, challenges such as diminishing arable land, water shortages, and climate change threaten wheat production, making yield enhancement crucial for global food security. The heading date [...] Read more.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a crucial cereal crop, contributing around 20% of global caloric intake. However, challenges such as diminishing arable land, water shortages, and climate change threaten wheat production, making yield enhancement crucial for global food security. The heading date (HD) is a critical factor influencing wheat’s growth cycle, harvest timing, climate adaptability, and yield. Understanding the genetic determinants of HD is essential for developing high-yield and stable wheat varieties. This study used a doubled haploid (DH) population from a cross between Jinmai 47 and Jinmai 84. QTL analysis of HD was performed under three phosphorus (P) treatments (low, medium, and normal) across six environments, using Wheat15K high-density SNP technology. The study identified 39 QTLs for HD, distributed across ten chromosomes, accounting for 2.39% to 29.52% of the phenotypic variance. Notably, five stable and major QTLs (Qhd.saw-3A.7, Qhd.saw-3A.8, Qhd.saw-3A.9, Qhd.saw-4A.4, and Qhd.saw-4D.3) were consistently detected across varying P conditions. The additive effects of these major QTLs showed that favorable alleles significantly delayed HD. There was a clear trend of increasing HD delay as the number of favorable alleles increased. Among them, Qhd.saw-3A.8, Qhd.saw-3A.9, and Qhd.saw-4D.3 were identified as novel QTLs with no prior reports of HD QTLs/genes in their respective intervals. Candidate gene analysis highlighted seven highly expressed genes related to Ca2+ transport, hormone signaling, glycosylation, and zinc finger proteins, likely involved in HD regulation. This research elucidates the genetic basis of wheat HD under P stress, providing critical insights for breeding high-yield, stable wheat varieties suited to low-P environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Breeding and Genetics of Wheat)
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