Ancient DNA and Molecular Archaeology

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2024) | Viewed by 2806

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Interests: molecular archaeology; palaeogenomics; physical anthropology; biological archaeology; population genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ancient DNA (aDNA) is any DNA extracted from ancient specimens, important for diverse evolutionary research. During the last three decades, DNA analysis on degraded samples has revealed itself as an important research tool in anthropology, molecular evolution, and population genetics. The past decade has witnessed a revolution in ancient DNA research. Although the field’s focus was previously limited to mitochondrial DNA and a few nuclear markers, whole genome sequences from the deep past can now be retrieved. This breakthrough is tightly connected to the massive sequence throughput of next-generation sequencing platforms and the ability to target short and degraded DNA molecules, with the possibility to go back in time 400,000 years for samples from temperate regions and 700,000 years for permafrozen remains. Today, ancient DNA research has facilitated a number of breakthroughs in our understanding of human evolutionary history and is likely soon becoming a standard tool in archaeology similar to radiocarbon dating, allowing genetics to engage in a fruitful symbiotic relationship with archaeology.

This Special Issue welcomes original research, brief research reports, and review papers about molecular archaeological studies on unearthed materials (including animals, plants, humans, sediments, and so on), using genome-wide sequencing or microarray technologies or various kinds of markers, such as mtDNA, Y chromosome, STRs, and SNPs data.

Dr. Shaoqing Wen
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • ancient DNA
  • molecular archaeology
  • animal remains
  • human remains
  • plant remains
  • sediment remains

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 4279 KiB  
Article
The Truth of Unusual Deaths under Military Expansion: Evidence from the Stable Isotopes of a Human Skull Ditch in the Capital City of the Early Shang Dynasty
by Fang Fang, Jingwen Liao, Xiaomin Zeng and Juzhong Zhang
Genes 2022, 13(11), 2077; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13112077 - 9 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2093
Abstract
The site of Zhengzhou Shang City (ca. 1509-1315 cal. BC) was the capital of the early Shang Dynasty in China. Archaeological excavations have unearthed a ditch containing approximately one hundred unusual dead human skulls in the rammed-earth foundations of the palace area. The [...] Read more.
The site of Zhengzhou Shang City (ca. 1509-1315 cal. BC) was the capital of the early Shang Dynasty in China. Archaeological excavations have unearthed a ditch containing approximately one hundred unusual dead human skulls in the rammed-earth foundations of the palace area. The identity and origin of the skulls have long been disputed. In this work, strontium, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses were carried out on 11 human skulls and 1 tooth from the ditch, as well as on 11 human bones, 11 human teeth from the ordinary tombs and 10 pig teeth from the Zhengzhou Shang City site. We determined that, in Zhengzhou Shang City, the local strontium isotope ratio ranges from 0.711606 to 0.711884, and ordinary inhabitants consumed mainly C4 plants supplemented by C3 plants. Moreover, humans buried in the ditch have 87Sr/86Sr values from 0.711335 to 0.711741 and consumed only C4 plants. Combining the isotopic data with the archaeological and cultural context, it is concluded that the unusual human skulls in the ditch are most likely those of prisoners of war captured by the central forces conquering the Xiaomintun area of Anyang in the early Shang Dynasty. The results provide valuable insight into the history of violence and military warfare in the early Chinese dynasty. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ancient DNA and Molecular Archaeology)
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