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Genes
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Genomics and Breeding of Oil Crops
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Genomics and Breeding of Oil Crops

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2023) | Viewed by 5132

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jun You

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
Interests: sesame; abiotic stress tolerance; quality; fatty acid; secondary metabolic regulation; lignan; transcription factor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oil crops, such as rapeseed, soybean, sunflower, peanut, sesame, sunflower, oil flax, castor bean, and oil palm, provide edible oil and proteins for human nutrition, plus raw materials for industrial purposes. The rapid growth of the global population, economic development and improvements in living standards, drastic climate change, and decrease in arable land have brought unprecedented challenges to the production of oil crops. It is urgent that we design oil crops with high yield potential, high water and nutrient utilization efficiency, high resistance to abiotic and biotic stress and excellent nutritional quality, in order to ensure secure oil supply and sustainable development. The recent development and application of high-throughput omics techniques (including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and ionomics) has shifted the research focus from individual genes to networks of genes with a common function. This has deepened our knowledge of the underlying genetic and biochemical bases of complex agronomic traits in oil crops. Furthermore, new breeding techniques (e.g., genomic selection, gene editing) provide exciting opportunities for efficient and accurate breeding of next generation oil crops.

This Special Issue welcomes original research articles and reviews discussing the latest advances related to functional genomics and genetic improvement of oil crops.

Dr. Jun You
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oil crops
  • yield
  • quality
  • stress tolerance
  • nutrient utilization
  • quantitative trait locus
  • molecular mechanisms
  • omics
  • gene editing
  • plant breeding

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 8316 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Ammonium Transporter (AMT) Genes in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
by Jing Dai, Peipei Han, Thomas C. Walk, Ling Yang, Liyu Chen, Yinshui Li, Chiming Gu, Xing Liao and Lu Qin
Genes 2023, 14(3), 658; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14030658 - 6 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1741
Abstract
Ammonium transporters (AMTs) are plasma membrane proteins mediating ammonium uptake and transport. As such, AMTs play vital roles in ammonium acquisition and mobilization, plant growth and development, and stress and pathogen defense responses. Identification of favorable AMT genotypes is a prime target for [...] Read more.
Ammonium transporters (AMTs) are plasma membrane proteins mediating ammonium uptake and transport. As such, AMTs play vital roles in ammonium acquisition and mobilization, plant growth and development, and stress and pathogen defense responses. Identification of favorable AMT genotypes is a prime target for crop improvement. However, to date, systematic identification and expression analysis of AMT gene family members has not yet been reported for rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). In this study, 20 AMT genes were identified in a comprehensive search of the B. napus genome, 14 members of AMT1 and 6 members of AMT2. Tissue expression analyses revealed that the 14 AMT genes were primarily expressed in vegetative organs, suggesting that different BnaAMT genes might function in specific tissues at the different development stages. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR analysis found that several BnaAMTs strongly respond to the exogenous N conditions, implying the functional roles of AMT genes in ammonium absorption in rapeseed. Moreover, the rapeseed AMT genes were found to be differentially regulated by N, P, and K deficiency, indicating that crosstalk might exist in response to different stresses. Additionally, the subcellular localization of several BnaAMT proteins was confirmed in Arabidopsis protoplasts, and their functions were studied in detail by heterologous expression in yeast. In summary, our studies revealed the potential roles of BnaAMT genes in N acquisition or transportation and abiotic stress response and could provide valuable resources for revealing the functionality of AMTs in rapeseed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomics and Breeding of Oil Crops)
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13 pages, 3956 KiB  
Article
Peanut AhmTERF1 Regulates Root Growth by Modulating Mitochondrial Abundance
by Limei Li, Xiaoyun Li, Chen Yang and Ling Li
Genes 2023, 14(1), 209; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14010209 - 13 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1394
Abstract
Mitochondria are responsible for energy generation, as well as key metabolic and signaling pathways, and thus affect the entire developmental process of plants as well as their responses to stress. In metazoans, mitochondrial transcription termination factors (mTERFs) are known to regulate mitochondrial transcription. [...] Read more.
Mitochondria are responsible for energy generation, as well as key metabolic and signaling pathways, and thus affect the entire developmental process of plants as well as their responses to stress. In metazoans, mitochondrial transcription termination factors (mTERFs) are known to regulate mitochondrial transcription. mTERFs have also been discovered in plants, but only a few of these proteins have been explored for their biological functions. Here, we report a role in root growth for mitochondria-associated protein AhmTERF1 in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Overexpressing AhmTERF1 significantly stimulated the growth of peanut hairy roots and transgenic Arabidopsis. Surprisingly, AhmTERF1 is predominantly expressed in the root meristem where it increases mitochondrial abundance. AhmTERF1 binding to mtDNA was enriched in the RRN18 and RRN26 regions, suggesting it is related to the accumulation of mitochondrial ribosomes. Peanut is one of the main oil crops and the important source of edible oil and AhmTERF1 likely affects agronomic traits related to root growth in different peanut cultivars. We propose that peanut AhmTERF1 is an important protein for root growth due to its role in regulating mitochondrial abundance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomics and Breeding of Oil Crops)
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17 pages, 1714 KiB  
Article
Copy Number Variation among Resistance Genes Analogues in Brassica napus
by Aria Dolatabadian, Yuxuan Yuan, Philipp Emanuel Bayer, Jakob Petereit, Anita Severn-Ellis, Soodeh Tirnaz, Dhwani Patel, David Edwards and Jacqueline Batley
Genes 2022, 13(11), 2037; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13112037 - 4 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1452
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) are defined as deletions, duplications and insertions among individuals of a species. There is growing evidence that CNV is a major factor underlining various autoimmune disorders and diseases in humans; however, in plants, especially oilseed crops, the role of [...] Read more.
Copy number variations (CNVs) are defined as deletions, duplications and insertions among individuals of a species. There is growing evidence that CNV is a major factor underlining various autoimmune disorders and diseases in humans; however, in plants, especially oilseed crops, the role of CNVs in disease resistance is not well studied. Here, we investigate the genome-wide diversity and genetic properties of CNVs in resistance gene analogues (RGAs) across eight Brassica napus lines. A total of 1137 CNV events (704 deletions and 433 duplications) were detected across 563 RGAs. The results show CNVs are more likely to occur across clustered RGAs compared to singletons. In addition, 112 RGAs were linked to a blackleg resistance QTL, of which 25 were affected by CNV. Overall, we show that the presence and abundance of CNVs differ between lines, suggesting that in B. napus, the distribution of CNVs depends on genetic background. Our findings advance the understanding of CNV as an important type of genomic structural variation in B. napus and provide a resource to support breeding of advanced canola lines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomics and Breeding of Oil Crops)
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